Compartment syndrome Flashcards
1
Q
Compartment syndrome
A
Raised pressure within a closed anatomical space
Eventually compromises tissue perfusion resulting in necrosis
2
Q
Main fractures where this occurs
A
Supracondylar fractures
Tibial shaft injuries
3
Q
Features
A
Pain, especially on movement
Parasthesiae
Pallor
Arterial pulsation
Paralysis of the muscle group may occur
4
Q
Diagnosis
A
Measure intracompartmental pressure measurements
Pressures in excess of 20mmHg are abnormal and >40 is diagnostic
Typically no pathology on an xray
5
Q
Treatment
A
Prompt and extensive fasciotomies
Myoglobulinuria may occur following fasciotomy and result in renal failure- need aggressive IV fluids
Where muscle groups frankly necrotic- debride and consider amputation
6
Q
Death of muscle groups
A
Within 4-6 hours
