Spinal Cord Disorders Flashcards
hyperreflexia is an issue with what neuron?
UMN
hyporeflexia is commonly an issue with what neuron?
LMN
what is a finding in hyperreflexia on exam?
clonus
what is clonus
repetitive beating of foot when reflex stimulated
biceps reflex is what spinal level?
C56
triceps reflex is what spinal level?
C78
patellar reflex is what spinal level?
L34
achilles reflex is what spinal level?
S12
plantar reflex is what spinal level?
S12
what is normal plantar response in adults?
pull toes down when stroked on base of foot
what is abnormal plantar response in adults?
pull toes up when stroked on base of foot
what nerve is tested in biceps reflex?
musculocutaneous
what nerve is tested in triceps reflex?
radial
what nerve is tested in patellar reflex?
femoral
what nerve is tested in achilles reflex?
tibial
what nerve is tested in plantar reflex?
tibial
if adult shows babinski sign on plantar reflex test, where is lesion?
upper motor neuron
what is the rooting reflex?
newborn turn to cheek stroke
what is palmar grasp reflex?
newborn closes palm when stroked
?what is the moro reflex
startle reflex in infants when they react with arms outstretched to being laid down
what is the tonic neck reflex?
fencing posture toward head turn side
do infants have normal plantar reflex?
no they have babinski sign too…goes away at 1yo
where is syringomyelia most common?
C8 to T1
what portion of the SC does syringomyelia affect?
anterior commissure fibers
what tract is affected in syringomyelia?
spinothalamic tract
what is syringomyelia ?
cystic space in the SC
what are symptoms of syringomyelia?
bilateral loss of pain and temperature in arms
what are three causes of syringomyelia?
trauma
tumor
chiari malformation
what is cause of subacute combined degeneration of SC?
B12 deficiency
what tracts are affected in subacute combined degeneration of SC?
lateral corticospinal
DCML
spinocerebellar
what are four symptoms of subacute combined degeneration of SC?
ataxia
paresthesia
brisk reflexes…including babinski
impaired vibration/position sense
what is rx for subacute combined degeneration of SC?
IM B12
what is cause of tabes dorsalis?
tertiary neurosyphilis
what is damaged in neurosyphilis?
dorsal roots and dorsal columns
what sensation is lost in tertiary neurosyphilis?
loss of proprioception and vibratory sensation
what happens to deep tendon reflexes in tertiary neurosyphilis?
loss of them
what are symptoms of tertiary neurosyphilis?
ataxia
rombergs sign
charcots joints
shooting pain
what is charcots joints?
high arched foot
what is anterior spinal cord syndrome?
anterior spinal cord injury due to watershed hypoperfusion
what is artery that supplies region affected in anterior spinal cord syndrome?
artery of adamkiewicz
below lesion in anterior spinal cord syndrome what are two issues?
loss of pain and temp
UMN deficit
at lesion in anterior spinal cord syndrome what is issue?
LMN lesion
what is brown sequard syndrome?
half cord syndrome where one half of SC at a level is injured
what is usual cause of brown sequard syndrome?
shooting or stab
at the level of injury in brown sequard syndrome what is issue?
LMN weakness and loss of all sensation ipsilaterally
below the level of injury in brown sequard syndrome what is issue?
contralateral loss of pain and temperature
and
ipsilateral weakness and loss of position/vibration sense
what causes ALS?
superoxide dismutase
where is issue in ALS?
anterior horn cell
do you have UMN or LMN issue in ALS?
BOTH
