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Neuro Week 4 > Spinal Cord Disorders > Flashcards

Spinal Cord Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

hyperreflexia is an issue with what neuron?

A

UMN

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2
Q

hyporeflexia is commonly an issue with what neuron?

A

LMN

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3
Q

what is a finding in hyperreflexia on exam?

A

clonus

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4
Q

what is clonus

A

repetitive beating of foot when reflex stimulated

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5
Q

biceps reflex is what spinal level?

A

C56

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6
Q

triceps reflex is what spinal level?

A

C78

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7
Q

patellar reflex is what spinal level?

A

L34

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8
Q

achilles reflex is what spinal level?

A

S12

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9
Q

plantar reflex is what spinal level?

A

S12

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10
Q

what is normal plantar response in adults?

A

pull toes down when stroked on base of foot

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11
Q

what is abnormal plantar response in adults?

A

pull toes up when stroked on base of foot

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12
Q

what nerve is tested in biceps reflex?

A

musculocutaneous

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13
Q

what nerve is tested in triceps reflex?

A

radial

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14
Q

what nerve is tested in patellar reflex?

A

femoral

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15
Q

what nerve is tested in achilles reflex?

A

tibial

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16
Q

what nerve is tested in plantar reflex?

A

tibial

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17
Q

if adult shows babinski sign on plantar reflex test, where is lesion?

A

upper motor neuron

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18
Q

what is the rooting reflex?

A

newborn turn to cheek stroke

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19
Q

what is palmar grasp reflex?

A

newborn closes palm when stroked

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20
Q

?what is the moro reflex

A

startle reflex in infants when they react with arms outstretched to being laid down

21
Q

what is the tonic neck reflex?

A

fencing posture toward head turn side

22
Q

do infants have normal plantar reflex?

A

no they have babinski sign too…goes away at 1yo

23
Q

where is syringomyelia most common?

A

C8 to T1

24
Q

what portion of the SC does syringomyelia affect?

A

anterior commissure fibers

25
Q

what tract is affected in syringomyelia?

A

spinothalamic tract

26
Q

what is syringomyelia ?

A

cystic space in the SC

27
Q

what are symptoms of syringomyelia?

A

bilateral loss of pain and temperature in arms

28
Q

what are three causes of syringomyelia?

A

trauma
tumor
chiari malformation

29
Q

what is cause of subacute combined degeneration of SC?

A

B12 deficiency

30
Q

what tracts are affected in subacute combined degeneration of SC?

A

lateral corticospinal
DCML
spinocerebellar

31
Q

what are four symptoms of subacute combined degeneration of SC?

A

ataxia
paresthesia
brisk reflexes…including babinski
impaired vibration/position sense

32
Q

what is rx for subacute combined degeneration of SC?

A

IM B12

33
Q

what is cause of tabes dorsalis?

A

tertiary neurosyphilis

34
Q

what is damaged in neurosyphilis?

A

dorsal roots and dorsal columns

35
Q

what sensation is lost in tertiary neurosyphilis?

A

loss of proprioception and vibratory sensation

36
Q

what happens to deep tendon reflexes in tertiary neurosyphilis?

A

loss of them

37
Q

what are symptoms of tertiary neurosyphilis?

A

ataxia
rombergs sign
charcots joints
shooting pain

38
Q

what is charcots joints?

A

high arched foot

39
Q

what is anterior spinal cord syndrome?

A

anterior spinal cord injury due to watershed hypoperfusion

40
Q

what is artery that supplies region affected in anterior spinal cord syndrome?

A

artery of adamkiewicz

41
Q

below lesion in anterior spinal cord syndrome what are two issues?

A

loss of pain and temp

UMN deficit

42
Q

at lesion in anterior spinal cord syndrome what is issue?

A

LMN lesion

43
Q

what is brown sequard syndrome?

A

half cord syndrome where one half of SC at a level is injured

44
Q

what is usual cause of brown sequard syndrome?

A

shooting or stab

45
Q

at the level of injury in brown sequard syndrome what is issue?

A

LMN weakness and loss of all sensation ipsilaterally

46
Q

below the level of injury in brown sequard syndrome what is issue?

A

contralateral loss of pain and temperature
and
ipsilateral weakness and loss of position/vibration sense

47
Q

what causes ALS?

A

superoxide dismutase

48
Q

where is issue in ALS?

A

anterior horn cell

49
Q

do you have UMN or LMN issue in ALS?

A

BOTH

Neuro Week 4 (8 decks)

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