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Neuro Week 4 > Headaches > Flashcards

Headaches Flashcards

1
Q

what eye disorder has headache as symptom?

A

glaucoma

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2
Q

what is character of pain in migraine?

A

severe/pulsating throbbing pain

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3
Q

where is pain migraine?

A

unilateral. rotates sides

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4
Q

how long are migraines?

A

couple hours

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5
Q

what are assoc symptoms with migraines?

A

nausea/vomiting and photophobia/phonphobia

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6
Q

what are four stages of migraine?

A

prodrome
aura
headache
postdrome

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7
Q

what is the prodrome of migraines?

A

yawning, euphoria, depression, irritability, food craving

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8
Q

what is a migraine aura?

A

scintillations or vision loss that precedes migraine headache

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9
Q

what are scintillations?

A

bright light flashes during aura of migraine

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10
Q

is migraine disorder genetic?

A

highly genetic

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11
Q

what is the NT in migraines?

A

serotonin

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12
Q

what is the target for many therapies in migraines?

A

calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP)

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13
Q

what happens to vessels in migraine?

A

vasodilation

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14
Q

what is most common type of headache?

A

tension

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15
Q

where is pain with tension headache?

A

diffuse pain

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16
Q

what is rx for tension headache?

A

NSAIDs

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17
Q

what are cluster headaches?

A

headaches that occur in clusters…every day at same time for period of time

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18
Q

what is character of pain in cluster headache? where/

A

unilateral severe pain

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19
Q

in tiny doses this induces cluster headaches?

A

alcohol

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20
Q

what are cluster headaches associated with?

A

unilateral ptosis
anisocoria
eye watering
rhinorrhea

21
Q

are cluster headaches relieved with rest?

A

NO

22
Q

what is mainstay of Rx for cluster headaches

A

oxygen 100%

23
Q

what is migraine med used in cluster headaches?

A

triptans (sumitriptan)

24
Q

name three prophylactic drugs for cluster headaches

A

verapamil
lithium
galcanezumab

25
Q

what is paroxysmal hemicrania?

A

brief severe pain on side of head

26
Q

name three major underlying issues that a headache can be symptom of

A

carotid/vertebral dissection
SAH
intracranial hypotension

27
Q

in addition to headache, what else presents with carotid dissection?

A

horners syndrome

28
Q

why does horners present with carotid dissection?

A

because the second nerve in the tract runs along the carotid artery

29
Q

what are the two vessels that can have dissection and lead to headache?

A

carotid and vertebral

30
Q

what is trigeminal neuralgia?

A

excruciating unilateral pain in distribution of the trigeminal nerve

31
Q

what portions of the trigeminal usually cause issue in trigeminal neuralgia?

A

V2 and V3

32
Q

what are three symptoms of temporal arteritis?

A

headache
jaw claudication
blindness

33
Q

what exacerbates trigeminal neuralgia?

A

sensory stimuli to face like shaving, brushing teeth

34
Q

what is cause of trigeminal neuralgia?

A

blood vessel pressing on the nerve

35
Q

what other neuro disorder can have trigeminal neuralgia?

A

MS

36
Q

what is first line Rx for trigeminal neuralgia?

A

carbamazapine

37
Q

what are classic SEs of carbamazapine?

A

nausea, diplopia, ataxia

38
Q

what are severe SEs of carbamazepine?

A

hyponatremia

liver fxn issues

39
Q

what are the symptoms of intracranial hypertension?

A

headache
blind spot enlargement
tinnitus

40
Q

what are exam findings in intracranial hypertension?

A

papilledeme

blind spot enlargement

41
Q

what is LP finding in intracranial hypertension?

A

raised opening pressure

42
Q

what is Rx for intracranial hypertension?

A

acetazolamide

43
Q

what is usual cause of intracranial hypotension

A

low CSF pressure

44
Q

name two causes of low CSF pressure

A

post spinal tap

CSF leak due to cyst or tear

45
Q

what is unique about headache pain in intracranial hypotension?

A

it is positional

46
Q

is headache pain in intracranial hypotension worse when standing or lying down?

A

worse when standing and sitting, better when lyig down

47
Q

what severe headache cause is a CT with contract good at spotting?

A

dissections

48
Q

what severe headache cause is a CT without contract good at spotting?

A

blood…SAH

Neuro Week 4 (8 decks)

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