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CHIRO BOARDS > Spinal Cord Anatomy > Flashcards

Spinal Cord Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the spinal cord derived from?

A

Neural tube

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2
Q

What vtimain affects neural tube formation?

A

Folic acid in 1st trimester

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3
Q

What is the neural tube dervived from?

A

ectoderm

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4
Q

When does the neural tube start to develop?

A

3rd week of gestation

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5
Q

What occurs during neural tube formation?

A

dorsal plates –> sensory neurons

ventral plates –> motor neurons

neural canal –> central canal

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6
Q

WHen does the neural tube close?

A

4th week of gestation

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7
Q

What do neural crest cells give rise to?

A
  • Dorsal Root Ganglia
  • Adrenal Medulla
  • Melanocytes
  • Microglia
  • Meninges (arach and pia)
  • Enteric neurons
  • Schwann cells
  • Sympathetic ganglia
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8
Q

Where does the spinal cord begin and end?

A
  • foramen magnum
    to
    -L1/2 in an adult
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9
Q

What segments of the spinal cord are enlarged?

A
  • Cervical @ C6 b/c brachial plexus

- Lumbarsacral b/c lumbosacral plexus

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10
Q

What is the dilated end of the spinal cord called?

A
  • conus medularis
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11
Q

What are the nerves at the end of the spinal cord?

A
  • Cauda equina
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12
Q

What are the coverings of the spinal cord from outer to deep?

A
  • dura
  • arachnoid matter
  • pia matter
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13
Q

What space does the arachnoid matter leave under the CSF?

A

subarachnoid space

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14
Q

What makes up the pia matter?

A
  • filum terminale

- dentate ligaments

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15
Q

Function of dentate ligaments?

A

archor the spinal cord to the spinal dura

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16
Q

Where does the dural sac end?

A

S2

17
Q

What are the two parts of the filum terminale?

A
  • filum terminale interna

- filum terminale externa

18
Q

Where does the filum terminale intera begin and end?

A

from conus medularis to end of dural sac @ S2

19
Q

Where does the filum terminale externa begina and end?

A

fuses with dura and extends to coccyx

20
Q

How many segments are there of the spinal cord?

A

31

21
Q

What are the 3 budles of fasciculi (spinal cord tracts)?

A
  • posterior
  • anterior
  • lateral
22
Q

What forms fasciculi?

A

fast conducting myelinated axons

23
Q

What are the gilial cells?

A
  • oligodendrocytes

- astrocytes

24
Q

In the ascending dorsal columns where do the fibers from the lower limb synapse?

A

nucleus gracilis

25
Q

In the ascending dorsal columns where do the fibers from the upper limb synapse?

A

nucleus cuneatus

26
Q

What sensation do the dorsal columns carry?

A
  • vibration –> Pacinian corpuscles)
  • fine touch (2 point discrimination) –> Meissner’s corpuscles
  • joint position sense –> Ruffini endings
27
Q

What do the spinocerebellar tracts carry?

A
  • unconcious proprrioception

- -> golgi tendon organs, muscle spindles

28
Q

What do the lateral spinothalamic tracts carry?

A
  • pain –> naked nerve ending

- temperature –> naked nerve ending

29
Q

What do the anterior spinothalamic tracts carry?

A
  • crude touch – Merkel cells

- pressure –> Merkel cells

30
Q

What functions do descending tracts control?

A
  • skeletal motor
  • smoot muscle
  • secretory glands
31
Q

What is the non motor descending tract?

A
  • raphespinal, modulates nociception
32
Q

How does the Ascending dorsal column synapse?

A
  • 1st order: mechanoreceptors, vibration and fine touch
  • 2nd order: Nuclei gracilis and cuneatus
    Decussate @ Medulla
  • VPL of Thalamus
33
Q

How does the Spinothalamic tract synapse?

A
  • 1st order: Nociceptors, thermoreceptors, light toouch receptors
  • 2nd order: lamina 1 & 2 in the dorsal horn of the grey matter
    Decussate @ spinal cord at level of nerve
  • 3rd order: VPL of nucleus
34
Q

How does the Dorsal Spinocerebellar tract synapse?

A
  • 1st order: unconscious proprioception from lower limb
  • 2nd order: Clarke’s nucleus
    Decussate, DOES NOT
  • 3rd order: cerebellum via inferior cerebellar peduncle
35
Q

How does the Ventral Spinocerebellar tract synapse?

A
  • 1st order: unconscious proprioception from both upper and lower limb
  • 2nd order:

CHIRO BOARDS (5 decks)

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