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CHIRO BOARDS > Cardiovascular Anatomy > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

When does the heart develop in the fetus?

A

3rd week

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2
Q

What forms the proximal end of the heart?

A

Sinus Venosus

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3
Q

What forms the distal end of the heart?

A

Truncus arteriosus

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4
Q

When does the septum primum divide atrial dilation?

A

5th week

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5
Q

What is the hole that forms above the septum primum?

A

Ostium Secendum

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6
Q

What forms to the Right of the Septum Primum?

A

Septum secundum

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7
Q

What does the Truncus arteriosus divide into?

A

aortic and pulmonary tubes

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8
Q

When does the Truncus arteriosus divide into the aortic and pulmonary tubes?

A

7th and 8th weeks

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9
Q

What does the ductus arteriosus do?

A

shunts oxygenated blood from left pulmonary artery to arch of aorta

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10
Q

What happens to the ductus arteriosus after birth?

A

closes to form ligamentum arteriossum

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11
Q

What is the most common congenital heart defect?

A

Ventricular Septal Defect

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12
Q

What is the most common atrial defect?

A

Atrial Septal Defect

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13
Q

What is the most common cyanotic congenital heart defect?

A

Fallot’s Tetralogy (PROV)

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14
Q

Fallot’s Tetralogy?

A

(PROV)

  • pulmonary stenosis
  • right ventricular hypertrophy
  • overriding aorta (dextroposition)
  • ventricular sepal defect
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15
Q

What occurs in cyanotic conditions?

A

Deoxygenated blood goes from Right side to Left side

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16
Q

What are the non-cyanotic heart conditions?

A

(DDD)

  • Atrial Septal Defect
  • Ventricular Ductus Arteriosus
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17
Q

What are the 2 origins of the Right Atrium and Left Atrium?

A
  • Sinus venosus = smooth

- True Atrium = rough part

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18
Q

What separates the rough and smooth parts of the Right Atrium?

A

Crista terminalis

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19
Q

Where does the majority of venous blood drain into the heart from?

A

coronary sinus

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20
Q

What type of muscles make up the Right Ventricle?

A

Trabeculae and papillary muscles

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21
Q

What does the Infundibulum arise from?

A

the bulbous cordis

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22
Q

How much thicker is the Left ventricle compared to the Right ventricle?

A

3x w/ trabeculae carneae

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23
Q

What separates the Left from the Right ventricle?

A

interventricular septum

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24
Q

Where is the aortic valve located?

A

2nd R intercostal 1.25 cm from sternum

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25
Q

Where is the pulmonary valve located?

A

2nd L intercostal 1.25cm from sternum

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26
Q

Where is the Tricuspid valve located?

A

4th L intercostal 1.25cm from sternum

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27
Q

Where is the Mitral valve located?

A

5th L intercostal 7 - 9cm from sternum

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28
Q

What valve shunts blood from the left ventricle to the aorta?

A

Aortic

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29
Q

What valve shunts blood from the right ventricle to the pulmonary trunk?

A

Pulmonary

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30
Q

What valve shunts blood from the right atrium to the right ventricle?

A

Tricuspid

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31
Q

What valve shunts blood from the left atrium to the Left ventricle?

32
Q

What valve has anterior and posterior leaflets?

A

Mitral valve

33
Q

What are the semilunar valves?

A

Aortic and pulmonary

34
Q

What supplies the heart with blood?

A
  • Right Coronary artery

- Left coronary artery

35
Q

Where do the Right and Left Coronary artery arise from?

A

Ascending part of the aorta

36
Q

Where does the Right Coronary artery originate?

A

aortic coronary sinus

37
Q

What are the branches of the Right Coronary Artery?

A

(RAPS)

  • Right Marginal
  • Atrioventricular
  • Posterior interventricular
  • Sinu atrial
38
Q

Where does the Right Coronary artery supply blood to?

A
  • Right atrium
  • Right ventricle
  • 30% of atrium
  • SA node (55% of pop)
  • AV node (85% of pop)
  • Posterior 1/3 of interventricular septum
39
Q

Where does the Left Coronary Sinus originate?

A

Left aortic coronary sinus

40
Q

What are the branches of the Left Coronary Artery?

A
  • Circumflex
  • Anterior interventricular (Left anterior descending)
  • Left marginal
41
Q

Where does the Left Coronary Artery supply blood to?

A
  • Left ventricle
  • 70% of atrium
  • anterior 2/3 of interventricular septum
42
Q

What drain 60 - 70% of blood?

A

Coronary Sinus

43
Q

What does the coronary sinus drain it’s blood through?

A
  • great cardiac vein
  • small cardiac vein
  • middle cardiac vein
  • oblique cardiac vein
44
Q

What drains venous blood other than the coronary sinus?

A
  • anterior cardiac vein

- venae cordis minimi

45
Q

What accompanies the Great Cardiac vein?

A

L anterior descending artery

46
Q

What accompanies the small cardiac vein?

A

Right marginal artery

47
Q

What accompanies the middle cardiac vein?

A

posterior interventricular artery

48
Q

What is the cardiac conduction system made of?

A

specialized myocardial tissue that beats rhythmically without nervous input

49
Q

Which node controls the upper right atrium?

A

Sino-Atrial node

50
Q

Which nod controls the posterior inferior interatrial septum?

A

Atrio-ventricular node

51
Q

Which node controls the membranous interventricular system?

A

Bundle of His

52
Q

Which node controls the muscular interventricular system?

A

right and left bundle branches

53
Q

What are Purkinje Fibres?

A

ends of the bundle branches

54
Q

What innervates the Sino-Atrial node?

A
  • cardiac plexus w/ sympathetic from T1-5 and parasympathetic from CN 10
55
Q

What does the cardiac plexus divide into?

A
  • Deep behind arch of aorta

- Superficial below arch of aorta

56
Q

Where does the Superficial branch of Cardiac plexus receive fibres from?

A
  • Superior cervical sympathetic ganglion

- Inferior cardiac branch of vagus

57
Q

Where does the Deep branch of Cardiac plexus receive fibres from?

A
  • superior middle and inferior cervical sympathetic ganglion
  • superior and inferior cardiac branches of vagus
  • Recurrent laryngeal nerve of vagus
58
Q

Branches of thoracic aorta from ascending aorta?

A
  • right coronary artery

- left coronary artery

59
Q

Branches of thoracic aorta from Arch of aorta?

A
  • Brachiocephalic trunk
  • left common carotid
  • left subclavian
60
Q

Branches of thoracic aorta from descending?

A
  • 3 to 11 intercostals
  • bronchial
  • esophageal
61
Q

What are the branches of the abdominal aorta?

A
  • 4 paired visceral arteries
  • 4 paired parietals
  • 4 unpaired viscera
62
Q

What are the 4 paired visceral branches of the abdominal aorta?

A
  • inferior phrenic
  • middle adrenal
  • renal
  • gonadal
63
Q

What are the 4 paired parietals branches of the abdominal aorta?

A
  • 1st to 4th lumbar series
64
Q

What are the 4 unpaired visceral branches of the abdominal aorta?

A
  • Cephalic Trunk T12
  • Superior mesenteric L1
  • Inferior mesenteric L3
  • Median Sacral
65
Q

What are the 9 branches of the Internal iliac artery?

A

Anterior: Some Inherit Money Some Inherit Insanity Usually, Posterior: Isn’t Life Stupid

Anterior

  • Superior Vesical
  • Inferior Vesical
  • Middle rectal
  • Obtuartor
  • Inferior gluteal
  • internal pudendal
  • Uterine

Posterior

  • Iliolumbar
  • Lateral sacral
  • Superior gluteal
66
Q

What are the branches of the external iliac artery?

A

CID

  • Cremasteric artery
  • inferior epigastric artery
  • deep circumflex artery
67
Q

What does the illiac artery become past the inguinal ligament?

A
  • Femoral artery
68
Q

What does the femoral artery branch into?

A

SDSD

  • superficial external pudendal
  • deep external pudendal
  • superficial circumflex iliac
  • deep femoral w/ medial and lateral circumflex
69
Q

What does the femoral artery become past the adductor canal?

A

Popliteal artery

70
Q

What are the branches of the popliteal artery?

A
  • Medial superior genicular
  • Lateral superior genicular
  • middle genicular
  • Medial genicular
  • lateral genicular
71
Q

What does the popliteal artery become past the popliteal fossa?

A
  • posterior tibial artery

- anterior tibial artery

72
Q

What are the branches of the posterior tibial artery?

A
  • Posterior medial malleolar
  • Muscular
  • Peroneal (Fibular)
  • nutrient to the tibia
73
Q

What does the posterior tibial artery become after pass behind the malleolus?

A
  • medial plantar artery

- lateral plantar artery

74
Q

What are the branches of the anterior tibial artery?

A
  • Recurrent genicular
  • anterior medial
  • lateral malleolar
75
Q

What does the anterior tibial artery become?

A

Dorsalis Pedis artery

76
Q

What does the dorsalis pedis branch into?

A

Arcuate artery which supply the dorsum of the foot

CHIRO BOARDS (5 decks)

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