Spinal Cord Flashcards
Another name for dorsal plate?
Alar Plate
What tissue does the spinal cord develop from
Ectoderm (neuroectodern/neuroepithelium)
Another name for Ventral Plate
basal Plate
The Ventral horn controls which type of impulses?
Motor
The dorsal horn controls what type of impulses?
Sensory
Everything happening dorsally has to do with
afferent (effect)
Everything happening ventrally has to do with
efferent (response)
Where do sensory neurons arise from
The Neural Crest cells
What are the main enlargements of the spinal cord?
Cervical and lumbar
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
31 pairs
At 3 months old what can be said about the CNS from a development standpoint
Cervical and lumbar enlargements are visible. Spinal cord portions of CNS are well-distinguished from brain and brainstem regions
The spinal cord can be divided into four regions. What would those be?
Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacral
what are the associated structures and functions of the Cervical Region?
Cervical Enlargement: Cervical Plexus and Brachial Plexus
What are the associated structures and functions of the Thoracic region
Thoracic sympathetic outflow, intercostal nerves
What are the associated structures and functions of the lumbar region
Lumbar sympathetic outflow, Lumbosacral enlargement: Lumbar plexus and Sacral Plexus.
What are the associated structures and functions of the sacral region?
Sacral parasympathetic outflow.
Riddle me this…. What are the meningeal coverings called?
- Dura Mater
- Arachnoid Mater
- Pia Mater with the denticulate ligaments and filum terminalis
What are the spaces in the spinal cord named?
- Subdural Space
- Subarachnoid Space
- Epidural Space
What are the associated process of the spinal cord?
- Anterior Rootlets
- Posterior rootlets
- Spinal Nerve
What are denticulate ligaments?
Lateral projections of pia mater that attach to inside of the dura mater and help anchor the spinal cord within the dural sac
What is the filum terminalis?
A inferior projection of Pia Mater directly off the tip of the spinal cord into the sacral canal.
What is a ganglion?
A cluster of neuron cell bodies that is outside of the CNS
Of the spinal cord processes the spinal nerve process can be divided into 4 areas. NAME THEM!
Anterior ramus, Posterior ramus, Gray rami rami communicantes, White rami communicantes
What is the Conus medularis?
The end of the spinal cord proper.
What is the Cauda equina?
Well, it looks like a horses tail and it is the nerve rootlets that come of the end of the spinal cord.
How many pairs of spinal nerves are their for each vertebral region?
Cervical 1-8, thoracic 1-12, lumbar 1-5, sacral 1-5, coccygeal 1.
What do we have 8 cervical spinal nerves
we have a pair that comes out directly below the occipital bone in between the atlas and the first vertebral segment.
Dorsal root of the spinal cord controls what…..
Sensory
Ventral root of the spinal cord controls what…
Motor
The ventral and dorsal ramus of the spinal nerve have both…
sensory and motor
What is the term used for general somatosensory?
Exteroception
What is the term used for visceral or referred sensory?
Interoception. example nausea
What type of sensory to you get from the nerve endings in joints?
proprioception, they help your body understands where it is in space.
What are dermatomes
areas of skin innervated by the sensory fibers of a single nerve root
What is a myotome?
a group of muscles that is primarily innervated by the motor fibers of a single nerve root.
What are the three main ways in which spinal nerves are distributed in the body?
- Intercostal Nerves (anterior rami)
- dorsal Rami (back muscles and skin)
- Spinal Nerve plexuses (anterior rami)
