Spinal Chord Flashcards
what are the motor divisions of the CNS?
Somatic and autonomic
what are the autonomic divisions of the CNS?
sypathetic and parasympathetc
what is responsible for the conduction of information between sensors, control centers and effectors?
spinal cord
what is responsible for the integration of reflexes?
spinal cord
what are meninges?
protective coverings of tissue
what contains neural cell bodies?
grey matterf
what contains tracts(myelinated axons)?
white matter
what tracts go from sensory to brain?
ascending tracts
where doe the first order neurons originate?
PNS
where do the second order neurons go?
enter the spinal cord
where do third order neurons go?
thalumus
what carries sensation of trunk position and movment, deep touch, cisceral pains and vibration?
Gracile Fasiculus or Cuneate Fasiculus
what carries sensation from below T6 to the thalamus?
Gracile Fasiculus
what carries sensation from above T6 to the thalamus?
cuneate fasiculus
what carries sensation of light touch, itch, temp, pain and pressure to the talumus?
spinothalamic
what carries sensations of pain from injury to the thalamus via reticular formation?
spinoreticular
what carries information of muscle position (proprioception) to the cerebellum?
spinocerebellar
what ascending tract does not have third order neurons?
spinocerebellar
Of descending tracts where are the upper and lower neurons located?
upper: originate in the brain
lower: innervates muscle as a part of NMJ
where does the synapse of descending tracts occur?
anterior gray horns
what descending tract comes from the cebral cortex and is responsible for fine control of limbs?
corticospinal
what descending tract comes from the midbrain( tectum) and is responsible for reflexive head and eye movements, and maintains head posture?
tectospinal
what descending tract comes from reticular formation, and is responsible for balance and posure, pain awareness, and reduction?
reticulospinal
what descending tract comes from vestibuspinal nuclei?
vestibuspinal
what are the lateral vestibuspinal tracts responsible for?
balance and posture relative to gravityy
what are the medial vestibuspinal tracts responsible for?
control of the head position relative to gravity
what are responsible for carrying sensory input and motor output based on locations?
spinal nerves
what are dermatomes and what can they do?
they are a region of skin that is innervated by nerves and can be used to locate spinal damage.
primary afferent neurons give information of what?
rate of change in muscle length
sencondary afferent neurons fives information of what?
length of muscle
what doe alpha motor neurons control?
extrafusal fibers
what does gamma motor neurons control?
intrafusal fibers
in a stretch reflex, as a muscle is stretched the tone…
increases, and there are rapid changes in the spinal cord, and slower changes in the brain
stretch reflexes help…
maintain posture and balance and stabilizes movement
what type of reflex uses reciprocal inhibition?
polysynaptic
what is it called when there is a contraction of agonist muscles and the relaxation of antagonists?
reciprocal inhibition
what are two example of polysynaptic reflexes?
withdrawl reflex and crossed extensor reflex?
what occure when there is an inhibition of aplpha neuron to muscle?
tendon reflex
tendon reflex occurs through the….
proprioceptors found in tendons
