Spinal Anatomy Flashcards by Joysa S.

Which ligaments is broadest in the C-spine region, narrow in the T-spine and attaches to the IVD?A.) Anterior longitudinalB.) Posterior longitudinalC.) InterspinousD.) Ligamentum flavum

Posterior longitudinal

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What are the biggest nerve innervates the laryngeal muscle?A.) Esophageal branchesB.) Cardiac branchesC.) Recurrent laryngeal nerveD.) Inferior recurrent laryngeal nerve

Inferior recurrent laryngeal nerve

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The feature that is unique to the C-spine is?A.) Par interarticularisB.) Transverse foraminaC.) Vertebral notchD.) Accessory process

Transverse foramina

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Coupling motion in the cervical spine during lateral flexion of the neck causes the vertebral body to?A.) Ipsilateral rotationB.) ExtensionC.) Contralateral rotationD.) Flexion

Ipsilateral rotation

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What fibers detect pain?A.) End bulbs of KrauseB.) Organ of ruffiniC.) Meissners corpusclesD.) Free nerve endings

Free nerve endings

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Which muscle attaches to the articular process of C3 through C6?A.) Rhomboic and pectoralis minorB.) SCM and trapeziusC.) Splenius capitus and clavicleD.) Semispinalis muscle

Semispinalis muscle

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Cerebrospinal fluid is normally contained within what space?A.) SubarachnoidB.) SubduralC.) EpiduralD.) Peridural

Subarachnoid

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Foramen spinosum contains?A.) Internal carotid arteryB.) Optic nerveC.) Maxillary nerveD.) Middle meningeal artery

Middle meningeal artery

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What passes through the foramen rotundum?A.) Mandibular nerveB.) Middle meningeal arteryC.) Opthalmic nerveD.) Maxillary nerve

Maxillary nerve

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Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers of oculomotor nerves synapse at what ganglion?A.) PterygopalatineB.) SubmandibularC.) OpticD.) Ciliary

Ciliary

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Which bone undergoes intermembranous ossification?A.) ParietalB.) ZygomaticC.) MandibularD.) Maxillary

Parietal

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Which of the following comprise the white rami communicants?A.) Preganglionic sympatheticB.) Preganglionic parasympatheticC.) Postganglionic sympatheticD.) Postganglionic parasympathetic

Preganglionic sympathetic

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The dorsal root ganglion, autonomic ganglion & schwann cells are derived from which of the following embryonic structures?A.) SclertomeB.) SomitesC.) MesodermD.) Neural crest

Neural crest

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The parotid gland is innervated by which of the following nerves?A.) 3B.) 9C.) 7D.) 10

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Location of the vertebral venous plexus?A.) PeriduralB.) SubduralC.) SubarachnoidD.) Epidural

Epidural

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The glabella is part of which of the following bones?A.) MaxillaryB.) FrontalC.) ParietalD.) Occipital

Frontal

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At which vertebral level does the vertebral artery enter the spine?A.) C7B.) C5C.) T1D.) C6

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Which of the following is transmitted through foramen ovale?A.) Opthalmic nerveB.) Mandibular nerveC.) Maxillary nerveD.) Mental meningeal artery

Mandibular nerve

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The cell bodies of the gustatory fibers from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue are located in what ganglion?A.) GeniculateB.) PterygopalatineC.) Superior vagalD.) Solitary

Geniculate

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The medullary pyramids contain which fibers?A.) ReticulospinalB.) RubrospinalC.) VestibulospinalD.) Corticospinal

Corticospinal

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Which of the following attaches to the coronoid process of the mandible?A.) TemporalisB.) Lateral pterygoidC.) Medial pterygoidD.) Masseter

Temporalis

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Which of the following vertebra has a pair of full costal facets and one pair of demi facets?A.) T12B.) T10C.) T3D.) T1

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Which of the following nerves supplies the SCM?A.) SupraclavicularB.) SuprascapularC.) SubscapularD.) Spinal accessory

Spinal accessory

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Which of the following supplies stimmulation to the zygopophyseal joints?A.) White rami communicantsB.) Gray rami communicantsC.) Ventral ramiD.) Dorsal rami

Dorsal rami

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Physiologically during extension of the lumbar spine the IVF's _____ and the spinal cord _____?A.) Shortens, shortensB.) Lengthens, shortensC.) Lengthens, lengthensD.) Shortens, lengthens

Shortens, shortens

Auditory fibers are contained in the?A.) Lateral lemniscusB.) Superior colliculusC.) Medial lemniscusD.) Medial longitudinal fasciculus

Lateral lemnscus

At which level of the spinal cord is the conus medullaris found?A.) L1-L2B.) L5-S1C.) S2-S3D.) L4-L5

L1-L2

The cerebellum and pons are part of which primitive structure?A.) RhombencephalonB.) ProsencephalonC.) MesencephalonD.) Rhombencephalon

Rhombencephalon

Cranial nerve II accesses the cranial vault via?A.) Superior orbital fissureB.) Optic canalC.) Supraoptic canalD.) Foramen rotundum

Optic canal

Which vertebral structure forms the superior and inferior borders of the IVF?A.) Anterior IVDB.) LaminaC.) Posterior IVDD.) Pedicle

Pedicle

Muscles derived from the 1st pharyngeal arch are supplies by which of the following CN?A.) VIIB.) XC.) IIID.) V

Which of the following is excitatory to the pars compacta of the substantia nigra?A.) DopamineB.) GlycineC.) GabaD.) Glutamine

Glutamine

A posterior ponticle results from calcification of which of the following ligaments?A.) Posterior-atlanto-occipitalB.) Lateral atlanto-occipitalC.) Anterior atlanto-occipitalD.) Capsular

Posterior-atlanto-occipital

The orientation of the inferior articular facets in the lumbar is?A.) Posterior and lateralB.) Posterior and medialC.) Anterior and lateralD.) Anterior and medial

Anterior and medial

At the level of the T4, T5 vertebrae which structure is located anteriorly on the sternum?A.) Jugular notchB.) XyphoidC.) GladiolusD.) Angle of louis

Angle of louis

Which of the following peduncles connects the pons to the hindbrain?A.) Middle cerebellarB.) Superior cerebellarC.) Inferior cerebellarD.) Lateral cerebellar

Middle cerebellar

Which of the following structures does not attach the axis to the occipital bone?A.) Denticulate ligamentB.) Alar ligamentC.) Apical ligamentD.) Tectorial membrane

Denticulate ligament

Climbing fibers in the cerebellum originate in?A.) Nucleus ambiguusB.) PedunclesC.) Nucleus solitariesD.) Olivary nucleus

Olivary nucleus

Which part of the vertebra contains a groove for the vertebral artery?A.) CondylesB.) Posterior archC.) DensD.) Anterior arch

Posterior arch

The superior continuation of the PLL is the?A.) Supraspinous ligamentB.) Ligamentum flavumC.) Ligamentum nuchaeD.) Tectorial membrane

Tectorial membrane

The ocularmotor nerve does not innervate which of the following muscles?A.) Medial rectusB.) Superior obliqueC.) Inferior obliqueD.) Inferior rectus

Superior oblique

Normal orientation of the thoracic TVP is?A.) 45 degrees anterolateralB.) LateralC.) 10 degrees anterior inferiorD.) 45 degrees posterolateral

45 degrees posterolateral

The superior cerebral veins drains into which of the following?A.) Inferior sagittalB.) StraightC.) OccipitalD.) Superior sagittal sinus

Superior sagittal sinus

The uncus and amygdaloid receive fibers from?A.) Optic nerveB.) Trigeminal nerveC.) Facial nerveD.) Olfactory buld

Olfactory bulb

Which part of the following contains perilymph?A.) FrontalB.) Petrous portion of temporalC.) OccipitalD.) Sphenoid

Petrous portion of temporal

Which of the following vertebra does not have a bifid spinous process?A.) C2B.) C7C.) C3D.) C6

What is the function of the emissary vein?A.) Connect the IVC to the SVCB.) To connect the prostatic vein to the lumbar veinsC.) To connect the intracranial venous sinus with the veins outside the craniumD.) To connect veins to the hand

To connect the intracranial venous sinus with the veins outside the cranium

Rods and cones of the retina synapse at which of the following cells?A.) HorizontalB.) GanglionC.) AmacrineD.) Bipolar

Bipolar

The extrinsic muscles of the eye are derived from which of the following?A.) Occipital somitesB.)1st brachial archC.) Pre-optic somitesD.) 2nd brachial arch

Occipital somites

Which of the following cranial nerves innervates the medial pterygoid muscle?A.) 5B.) 10C.) 7D.) 9

What suboccipital muscle rotates the atlas on the axis?A.) Obliques capitus inferiorB.) Rectus capitus posterior majorC.) Obliques capitus superiorD.) Rectus capitus posterior minor

Oblique capitus inferior

Which of the following are stimulated by preganglionic sympathetic fibers?A.) Anterior pituitaryB.) Adrenal cortexC.) Posterior pituitaryD.) Adrenal medulla

Adrenal medulla

Which of the following cranial nerves is not parasypathetic?A.) 3B.) 11C.) 6D.) 7

Dermatomes to the middle finger is from where in the brachial plexus?A.) C5B.) C6C.) C7D.) C8

The joint between occiput and C1 is which type?A.) TrochoidB.) CondylarC.) SaddleD.) Hinged

Condylar

Posterior chamber of the eye is located between?A.) Lent to retinaB.) Cornea to lensC.) Cornea to irisD.) Iris and lens

Iris and lens

Which of the following segmental levels comprise the phrenic nerve?A.) C5, 6, 7B.) C1, 2C.) C6, 7, 8D.) C3, 4, 5

C3, 4, 5

Obstruction of foramen of monroe produces greatest build-up of pressure in?A.) Lateral ventricleB.) Fourth ventricleC.) Aqueduct of SylviusD.) 3rd ventricle

Lateral ventricle

Which of the following is the pathway for conscious proprioception in the brainstem?A.) Spinothalamic tractB.) Medial lemniscusC.) Central tegmental tractD.) Lateral lemniscus

Medial lemniscus

Which of the following types of glial cells form myelin around the axons of the CNS?A.) Schwann cellsB.) Ependymal C.) AstrocytesD.) Oligodendrocytes

Oligodendrocytes

Which of the following supplies cutaneous innervation to the lower back?A.) Thoracodorsal nerveB.) Axillary nerveC.) Anterior primary ramiD.) Posterior primary rami

Posterior primary rami

Portion of the lumbar vertebrae that is between the superior and inferior articular process is?A.) Par interarticularisB.) Costal tubercleC.) Articular pillarD.) Mammillary process

Pars interarticularis

At the tip of a lateral aspect of the dens there are two small grooves for the attachment of?A.) ApicalB.) AlarC.) CruciateD.) Transverse

Alar

The transverse process forms the attachment for which of the following muscles?A.) External costalisB.) Transverse thoracisC.) Internal costalisD.) Levator scapulae

Levator scapulae

The internal jugular vein drains which of the following?A.) Straight sinusB.) Occipital sinusC.) Superior sagittal sinusD.) Sigmoid sinus

Sigmoid sinus

Globus pallidus will transmit info to?A.) Red nucleusB.) ThalamusC.) PutnamD.) Cortex

Cortex

The clivus is composed of the sphenoid bone and the?A.) TemporalB.) OccipitalC.) ParietalD.) Ethmoid

Occipital

Which of the following is an example of a fibrocartilaginous joint?A.) GomphosisB.) SyndesmosisC.) SymphysisD.) Condylar

Symphysis

The inability to move the jaw laterally indicates damage to which of the following cranial nerves?A.) VB.) VIC.) VIID.) X

What receptor is not sensory to the epidermis?A.) Merkel's endingsB.) Meissner corpusclesC.) End of bulb of krauseD.) Ruffini corpuscles

Merkel's endings

The fourth ventricle is continuous with?A.) Lateral ventriclesB.) Subdural spaceC.) Epidural spaceD.) Subarachnoid space

Subarachnoid space

The carotid tubercle is located on which vertebrae?A.) C7B.) T1C.) C6D.) C5

Somatic visceral primary neurons are derived from?A.) EndodermB.) Neural crest cellsC.) MesodermD.) Ectoderm

Neural crest cells

Which of the following cranial nerves originates from the 2nd pharyngeal arch?A.) 10B.) 9C.) 5D.) 7

Which part of the vertebrae bears the greatest amount of weight?A.) PediclesB.) FacetsC.) LaminaD.) Body

Body

The most common direction for a disc to herniate is?A.) LateralB.) CentralC.) PosteromedialD.) Posterolateral

Posterolateral

The limbic system is not responsible for which of the following?A.) Control emotionB.) Regulate body temperatureC.) Effect hormonesD.) Initiate muscle contraction

Initiate muscle contraction

The gray rami communicantes contain which of the following fibers?A.) Postganglionic parasympatheticB.) Preganglionic sympatheticC.) Postganglionic sympatheticD.) Preganglionic parasympathetic

Postganglionic sympathetic

The dorsal funiculus supplies which of the following structures?A.) SpinothalamicB.) Fasciculus gracilisC.) CorticospinalD.) Medial longitudinal fasciculus

Fasciculus gracilis

The long thoracic nerve innervates which of the following muscles?A.) Levator scapulaeB.) SubscapularisC.) Serratus anteriorD.) Latissimus dorsi

Serratus anterior

Which of the following cranial nerves goes through the cribiform plate?A.) 4B.) 3C.) 2D.) 1

Which cell will extend from the pre-motor cortex all the way down the spinal cord?A.) Purkinje cellsB.) Alpha motor neuronC.) Sensory cellsD.) Pyramidal cell

Pyramidal cell

Superior petrosal vein drains into?A.) Superior sagittal sinusB.) Transverse sinusC.) Sigmoid sinusD.) Cavernous sinus

Sigmoid sinus

The gray matter of the spinal cord primarily consists of?A.) Nodes of ranvierB.) Myelinated cellsC.) Nerve cell bodiesD.) Unipolar cells

Nerve cell bodies

Which of the following muscles is supplied by the facial nerve?A.) Levator palpebraeB.) Posterior digastricC.) MasseterD.) Mylohyoid

Posterior digastric

Which structure lies between the temporal and sphenoid bones?A.) Foramen rotundemB.) Foramen orbital fissureC.) Foramen lacerumD.) Foramen ovale

Foramen lacerum

Which of the following has no rods and cones?A.) MaculaB.) FoveaC.) Periphery of retinaD.) Optic disc

Optic disc

What ligament attaches lamina to lamina?A.) Anterior longitudinalB.) Posterior longitudinalC.) Ligamentum flavumD.) Supraspinatus

Ligamentum flavum

The posterior groove on the odontoid process is for what ligament?A.) AlarB.) TransverseC.) CruciateD.) Apical

Transverse

The dorsal lateral fasciculus does not transmit sensation of?A.) PainB.) 2 point discriminationC.) ProprioceptionD.) Vibration

Pain

Which of the following cranial nerves innervates the superior oblique muscles of the eye?A.) OpticB.) TrochlearC.) AbducensD.) Oculomotor

Trochlear

The vertebral arteries enter the skull through which foramen?A.) Jugular foramenB.) Foramen spinosumC.) Stylomastoid foramenD.) Foramen magnum

Foramen magnum

The pelvic diaphragm is primarily made up of what muscle?A.) CoccygeusB.) Obturator externusC.) Levator aniD.) Piriformis

Levator ani

Apophyseal joints are used with structures for articulation of?A.) BodiesB.) Spinal processesC.) Articular processesD.) Lamina

Articular processes

Which of the following is an auditory receptor?A.) UtricleB.) Organ of cortiC.) SacculeD.) Cristae ampullaris

Organ of corti

Oculomotor nerve innervates which of the following?A.) RisoriusB.) Orbicularis oculiC.) Orbicularis orisD.) Levator palpebrae superioris

Levator palpebrae superioris

Which ligament attaches the TVP of L5 to the Iliac Crest?A.) Inferior band of iliolumbar ligamentB.) Superior band of iliolumbar ligamentC.) Ligamentum flavumD.) Supraspinatus ligament

Superior band of iliolumbar ligament

The spinal cord is widest at?A.) T12B.) C1C.) C6D.) L3

On which part of the rib is the costal groove located?A.) HeadB.) ShaftC.) NeckD.) Tubercle

Shaft

Which of the following cranial nerves is not parasympathetic?A.) 3B.) 6C.) 7D.) 11

Destruction of the posterior columns results in loss of?A.) Motor functionB.) Temperature sensationC.) Vibrations sensationD.) Pain sensation

Vibrations sensation

Which rib is both vertebral chondral and a false rib?A.) 12B.) 8C.) 11D.) 5

What is confluent with the central cancel of SC?A.) Foramen of MonroeB.) Lateral ventricleC.) 4th ventricleD.) 3rd ventricle

4th ventricle

Which of the following is derived from dura matter?A.) ChoroidB.) LensC.) ScleraD.) Retina

Sclera

Which of the following structures is found in the cistern of the lumbar region of the spine?A.) Denticulate ligamentB.) Coccygeal ligamentC.) Cauda equinaD.) Meninges of spinal cord

Cauda equina

The nuchal ligament is a continuation of?A.) Ligamentum flavumB.) Anterior longitudinal ligamentC.) Supraspinous ligamentD.) Tectorial membrane

Supraspinous ligament

Which of the following is derived from the 3rd brachial arch?A.) MasseterB.) StylopharyngeusC.) Medial pterygoidD.) Orbicularis oculi

Stylopharyngeus

The sponothalamic and medial lemiscal tracts send neruons through the thalamus to which of the following gyrus?A.) PrecentralB.) CingulateC.) PostcentralD.) Angular

Postcentral

The splenius capitis muscle inserts into?A.) Ligamentum nucheB.) EOPC.) TVP of C1 and C2D.) Mastoid process

Mastoid process

A typical thoracic vertebra has how many zygapophyseal joints?A.) 4B.) 6C.) 2D.) 8

Which types of articulation is located between vertebral arches?A.) SyndesmosisB.) SymphysisC.) SynchondrosisD.) Synarthrosis

Symphysis

Primal tracts decussate at?A.) Mid-brainB.) Internal capsuleC.) PonsD.) Medulla

Medulla

The final synapse for the somesthetic sensory neurons are located in the?A.) CerebellumB.) PonsC.) MedullaD.) Thalamus

Thalamus

The pons is supplied by which o the following arteries?A.) Superior cerebellarB.) Internal carotidC.) VertebralD.) Basilar

Basilar

There is no intervertebral disc in which of the following locations?A.) T11/T12B.) C1/C2C.) L5/S1D.) C2/C3

C1/C2

The anterior superior aspect of the vertebral body of S1 is the sacral?A.) ApexB.) PromontoryC.) AlarD.) Cornu

Promontory

Which of the following bones contains the inferior orbital fissure?A.) FrontalB.) EthmoidC.) MaxillaryD.) Sphenoid

Sphenoid

Which of the following is a remnant of the notochord?A.) Annulus fibrosisB.) Vertebral endplateC.) Vertebral bodyD.) Nucleus pulposus

Nucleus pulposus

The crista ampularis is a feature of which of the following?A.) Cochlear ductB.) Endolymphatic ductC.) Perilymphatic ductD.) Semicochlear duct

Semicochlear duct