SPIDERS Flashcards
1
Q
Are there any haematophagous (blood sucking) spiders?
A
NOPE
2
Q
Are there any vegan spiders?
A
NOPE
3
Q
T or F: All spiders are predators.
A
TRUE
4
Q
How are spiders able to eat prey?
A
all spiders have venom so they are able to subdue the prey
5
Q
How many legs do spiders have?
A
8 legs
6
Q
What do spiders use for their web?
A
silk
7
Q
How many body segments do spiders have?
A
two body segments
front: cephalothorax
back: abdomen
8
Q
Arthropoda:
Arachnida:
Araneae:
A
Arthropoda: order like insects
Arachnida: along with ticks and scorpions
Araneae: own order
9
Q
What are the three parts of spiders needed to remember?
A
Cephalothorax
Abdomen
Pedipalps (little things sticking out from that most mistake for antennae, they use these to feel environment and use for mating)
10
Q
T or F: There are NO haematophagous spiders.
A
TRUE TRUE TRUE
11
Q
Are spiders insects?
A
NO NO NO they have 8 legs, insects can only have 6 legs
12
Q
Do all spiders make a web?
A
no, some use silk just to wrap prey, and make courtships
13
Q
Spiders have 8 legs like what?
A
ticks
14
Q
Is the daddy long-legs (Harvestman) a spider?
A
NO, it does have 8 legs
BUT it only has ONE body segment
and they do NOT produce silk
15
Q
Do daddy long legs have venom glands?
A
NOPE
16
Q
Do all spiders have venom?
A
YES so they can subdue prey
17
Q
What is the most common house spider found in Georgia homes?
A
Southern House Spider
18
Q
What spider is most commonly misidentified as a brown recluse spider?
A
Southern House Spider
19
Q
What does the male southern house spider look like in comparison to female?
A
more slender with projective pedipalps sticking out
20
Q
What is the second most common spider found in Georgia homes?
A
American House Spider
21
Q
What is the size comparison of the Southern house spider and American house spider?
A
American is much smaller
22
Q
What are American house spiders known for?
A
cobweb spiders
cobwebs are not well arranged
23
Q
What is the third most common spider found in Georgia homes?
A
Long-bodied Cellar Spider
24
Q
What do long-bodied cellar spiders do when web is disturbed?
A
bounce
25
Is the body of the long-bodied cellar spider actually that long?
NOPE the legs are though
26
What are the three most common spiders in homes in Georgia?
Southern House Spider
American House Spider
Long-bodied Cellar Spider
27
What is the orb web for? What is on it?
catch, hunting (prey)
it has adhesion on it
28
When did the Joro spider get here?
about 22 years ago
spreading through North GA, South Caroline, and North Carolina
29
Joro spider małe vs. Female
male: small, produces sperm, doesn't need much mass to produce --dies off when reproduces w female
female: larger
30
Does the female joro spider eat the male she mates with?
yes if he does not get away fast enough
31
What kind of web do FEMALE Joro spiders weave?
orb web (males don't build webs)
32
Can Joro spiders harm humans?
NOPE
they are harmless to humans
33
Who does more work, female or male joro spiders?
FEMALES
-work
-build webs
-gets food
34
What does the female look like?
dorsal side: yellow and grayish blue
ventral side: splashy red tip
35
What kind of silk do joro spiders produce?
golden silk
36
Do joro spiders bite humans?
NOPE NOPE HARMLESS
37
Are joro spiders common on campus? When?
YES
September - October
38
Just for another time, do joro spiders bite humans?
NO NO THIS MAY BE ON EXAM
39
How many species of orb weavers are there?
HUNDREDS
40
Is a barn spider an orb weaver?
YES
41
What do barn spiders look like?
light grey/tan to a very dark brown almost black color (rusty brown)
many different colors and markings
42
Are barn spiders common?
VERY common
43
Where might you find barn spiders?
near porch light beacause insects come to them at night
44
Many orb weavers look like what?
like they have sharp points/projections on them
BUT THEY ARE COMPLETELY HARMLESS
spined, arrow-shaped, noticeable due to projections, harmless
45
Golden Garden Spider
genus: Argiope
46
Argiope
Golden Garden Spider
47
Is the golden garden spider an orb spider?
YES orb spider
48
What does the golden garden spider (Argiope) look like?
yellow bands across abdomen and black
49
What does the female golden garden spider do in the end of the fall?
lays a BUNCH of eggs in the end of the fall in an egg sack
50
What is the egg sack like of the golden garden spider? Where does she put the sack?
paper like
she puts the sack far up to minimize predators getting it
over winter babies stay in here then come out
51
What is the female golden garden spider like compared to the male?
female is considerably larger than male....male looks tiny beside her
52
Argiope
Garden Spiders
53
Garden Spiders
Argiope
54
Are garden spiders (Argiope) orb weavers?
YES
55
What is something odd garden spiders (argiope) do with their web?
make a line down it
many don't know why
56
What do garden spiders (argiope) look like?
green legged
57
What do garden spiders (argiope) do with their silk web?
prey wrapped in silk web
58
Do garden spiders need to eat prey immediately?
nope, they don't have to
59
What spiders are orb weavers?
Joro Spider
Barn Spider
Golden Garden Spider
Garden Spider
60
What spiders do NOT weave webs?
Wolf Spider
Six-Spotted Fishing Spider
Crab Spider
Jumping Spider
Trapdoor Spider
61
"Venemous" Spiders
Black Widow
Brown Widow
Brown Recluse
62
What do female wolf spiders do with their egg sack?
carry it
63
What happens after a female wolf spider produces her eggs?
produces eggs, wraps in silk, carries until hatch
64
How do wolf spiders catch prey if they do not spin webs?
hunter/stalker
65
What do wolf spider eggs do after they hatch?
stay with mom on her back
mom carries spiderlings (baby spider term)
66
Where does the six-spotted fishing spider hunt? How?
on water
it can walk on water
67
How exactly is the six-spotted fishing spider able to hunt on water?
it can reach through surface of water and prey on beetles and other organisms
will feed on minnows if they are small enough
68
What does the six-spotted fishing spider look like?
fairly large
pretty long legs and even body honestly
69
How does the crab spider feed?
ambush
70
Why is the crab spider called a crab spider?
it has EXTRA LONG LEGS at the front
71
What does it mean if the crab spider is cryptic?
spider's body matches the environment
72
How does the jumping spider get prey?
active hunter
73
What do jumping spiders look like? Why?
very colorful
to attract mate
74
What is the size range of jumping spiders?
well some are very some while others are pretty large
75
How does the trapdoor spider get prey?
ambush (sits and waits for prey)
76
What is the heaviest spider found in Georgia?
trapdoor spider
77
Subterranean
live underground in burrows
78
Will you see trapdoor spiders often?
nope they are subterranean so seldom seen unless flooded out of burrow
79
How does the trapdoor spider acquire food?
lives underground in burrow, covers up entrance with a trapdoor, takes strands of silk and stretches them out of opening like trip wires, when victim goes across they come out grab them and bring them in their hole
80
When are trapdoor spiders above ground?
if looking for mate
81
When do trapdoor spiders feed?
night they are nocturnal
so not likely to run into
82
What are trapdoor spider mouthparts like?
pretty large
large enough to penetrate skin
83
Are there tarantulas in the Eastern US?
NOPE
really just south western states
84
Why is it bad to put a tarantula on your face?
they have urticating hairs if in eye they can cause serious damage
85
What is wrong with the statement looking at "venomous" spiders?
well they are all venomous so you cannot categorize them like that
86
Why are many spiders considered not venomous even though all spiders possess venom?
many do not have mouthparts that can penetrate human skin
87
Which spiders want to bite humans?
none do, they only do so if feel threatened
88
Latrodectus mactans
Black Widow
89
What might a black widow (latrodectus mactans) look like?
black body color with spots, stripes, chevrons you name it in diff colors
90
Black Widow
latrodectus mactans
91
Are there Australian redback spiders in North America?
NOPE
92
What is a black widow commonly mistaken for?
Australian redback spiders
but they aren't in North America
93
Male vs. female black widow spider:
male: smaller, flat back
94
Latrodectism
the set of symptoms when one is bitten by a spider
95
How long does the neurotoxin from latrodectism last?
24 hours then the patient is fine
96
When one is bitten by a spider with neurotoxins the symptoms are:
Latrodectism:
pain
muscle rigidty
nausea
sweating
97
The venom in the spider is what?
a neurotoxin that produces latrodectism
98
What does the neurotoxin produce?
latrodectism
99
Latrodectism produces:
pain
nausea
sweating
muscle rigidity (ABDOMINAL-BOARD LIKE ABDOMEN)
100
What does the egg case of a black widow look like?
dirty white with NO projections
101
How do black widow spiders hang out in their web?
upside down
102
Latrodectus geometricus
Brown Widow Spider
103
What does a brown widow spider look like?
brown, orange hourglass
104
What do brown widow spider eggs look like?
eggs sacks with spikes in them, kind of look like mines
105
Brown Widow Spider
Latrodectus geometricus
106
What do brown widow spiders do in their webs?
hang upside down
107
Why do black and brown widow spiders look awkward walking?
the weight of their abdomen makes them look awkward
108
Black widow egg sack vs brown widow:
Black w. : smooth, white
Brown w. : spikey, white/cream, land mine
109
When did brown widow spiders come into the US?
around 2000
110
How did brown widow spiders likely make it to the US?
south GA producers or Florida were shipping the pots which contained a few brown widow spiders in them
111
What are classic symptoms of latrodectism?
muscle fasciculations (twitching)
abdominal rigidity (board like abdomen)
112
Loxosceles reclusa
Brown Recluse
113
What is loxoscelism?
nectrotic arachnidism
reaction to the venom of a brown recluse
114
What does the nectrotic arachnidism (loxoscelism) do?
kills the tissues, venom digests the tissue and skin
115
What is sometime misdiagnosed as a brown recluse bite? Why is this bad?
MRSA
you use antibiotics on MRSA but you DO NOT use them on spider bites
so proper diagnosis is crucial
116
How many eyes does the Locosceles recluse (brown recluse) have?
six eyes
can be in diff patterns
117
Describe a brown recluse spider:
fiddle on cephalothorax
not in web
no abdominal markings
6 eyes, in 3 pairs
118
What color variation do Loxosceles recluse (brown recluse) spiders have?
pale to very dark
119
What is bigger, the southern house spider or the brown recluse spider?
southern house spider
120
What are dyads? How many does the brown recluse have?
the pairs of the eyes
three dyads (6 eyes total)
121
What spider is often mistaken for recluse spiders? Why?
spitting spider
they have six eyes in three pairs
BUT the abdomen is patterned
122
What state has the most southern distribution of Brown recluse spiders?
Georgia
123
How many counties in GA have brown recluse spiders? How many specimens collected?
31 counties
58 specimens
124
Where do recluse spiders not like being south of?
the fall line (where the streams coming out of the Appalachian mountains rush south at steep incline)
125
Are your chances of encountering a brown recluse high or low? What about specifically in GA?
chances are low
EXTREMELY RARE IN GA no official account of anyone being bitten by one in the state of Georgia
126
Where are brown recluse spiders found?
NOT OUTSIDE
dark quiet places, under appliances, bookshelves
very closely associated with humans
127
Why are spider bites so vastly over-reported?
"Folk wisdom"
any skin lesion of unknown origin is proclaimed a spider bite
it's more interesting than infection
128
Why are all spiders venomous?
because they are predators and need venom to subdue their prey
129
Loxosceles vs. Latrodectus
Loxosceles (brown recluse): venom is proteolytic (destroys proteins), producing dermonecrotic wounds, these lesions can be slow healing
Latrodectus (black widow): venom is neurotoxic affecting the nervous system and producing muscle pain, cramps, sweating, and rapid heart rate
130
Venom vs. Poison
Venom: delivered by specialized organs such as fangs or stinger
Poison: contained in body parts or entire body and exude or release when consumed
131
Which is capable of stinging: male or female scorpions?
BOTH ARE CAPABLE OF STINGING
132
You are about 400 times more likely to die of homicide than insect bite or sting. KEEP IN MIND.
133
Envenomation
injecting venom into another organism
134
Can a spider bit be a "dry" bite?
yes a bite may not involve injection of venom in you but still sticking fangs in you
135
T or F:
Musca autumnalis is the face fly and it has a red puparium containing calcium.
FALSE FALSE FALSE
WHITE PUPARIUM
136
Pus vs. Puss
Pus: cloudy fluid produced as a result of infection (pus pocket w/ the gastro one)
Puss: cat (puss caterpillar)
