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P2 > Speed, forces, velocity, ernergy to move, workdone > Flashcards

Speed, forces, velocity, ernergy to move, workdone Flashcards

1
Q

What does a distance time graph show?

A

The distance an object moves in a period of time

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2
Q

What is velocity?

A

An objects speed in a given direction.

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3
Q

What is a change in velocity called?

A

Acceleration

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4
Q

How do you work out the change in velocity?

A

Final velocity-original velocity

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5
Q

What does a negative acceleration mean?

A

The object slows down

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6
Q

What does a velocity time graph show?

A

How an objects velocity changes with time

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7
Q

What is the resultant force of an object?

A

The single force that would make an object move as all the original forces acting together.

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8
Q

What does it mean if there is no resultant force?

A

Forces are balanced and an object doesnt change speed. It is stationary

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9
Q

In a vehicle, …… Consumption increases if drag force increase at a certain speed. A larger forward force is needed to overcome drag forces. More energy is needed from the engine to provide a larger forward force and keep going at the same speed.

A

Fuel

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10
Q

What do streamlined objects have?

A

Small, cross sectional areas and smooth areas. This reduces drag forces so the objects can move faster for the same forward force.

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11
Q

Why does a person feel heavier in a lift than normal?

A

Because when a lift accelerates upwards, the force from the floor pushing upwards is greater than the weight of the person in the lift.

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12
Q

What is total stopping distance?

A

Thinking distance+ breaking distance

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13
Q

What is reaction time?

A

The time taken for a driver to react to a hazard

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14
Q

What can increase the thinking distance?

A
  • if the driver is tired or distracted

- if the driver has drunk alcohol or taken drugs

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15
Q

What can increase the braking distance?

A
  • if the road is wet or icy
  • the tyres are worn down
  • the brakes are in bad condition
  • the road surface
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16
Q

What is aquaplanning?

A

Water from the surface of a wet road is channelled out through the treads of a tyre. If the tyre tread is worn down, water cannot be removed, so the car slides over a layer of water on the road and cannot be controlled. This is called aquaplanning.

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17
Q

What is extension?

A

The difference between the original length and the stretched length.

18
Q

When an elastic object like a rubber band or spring is stretched:

  • the extension is …….. To the force applied up to a limit.
  • above the limit, extension is not propertional to the force.
A

Propertional

19
Q

What are work done and energy transfer measured in?

A

Joules

20
Q

What is power a measure of?

A

How quickly work is being done and how quickly energy is being transferred.

21
Q

What does the amount of gravitational potential energy depend on?

A
  • mass

- height above ground

22
Q

All moving objects have kinetic energy. What does the amount of kinetic energy depend on?

A
  • mass

- speed

23
Q

How much work is done when lifting a 250N box by 2m?

A

500J

24
Q

What force is needed to do a 500J of work over a distance of 5m?

A

100N

25
Q

What is the power of a machine that does 2000J of work in 5 seconds?

A

400W

26
Q

How much GPE does a rollercoaster car of mass 1000kg lose when it drops 5m?

A

1000x10x5=50,000J

27
Q

At the bottom of its swing, a pendulum has ….. GPE and ….. Kinetic energy?

A

Maximum GPE and minimum kinetic energy

28
Q

A car has more kinetic energy when ….

A

It is driven faster

29
Q

What is the kinetic energy of a 1000kg car driven at 13 m/s?

A

1/2 x 1000 x 13 x 13 =84,500J

30
Q

What is the unit of force?

A

The newton (N)

31
Q

What happens to a moving object if the resultant force is zero?

A

It keeps moving

32
Q

What happens to a moving object if the resultant force is not zero?

A

It speeds up in the direction of the resultant force.

33
Q

If you double the resultant force applied to an object, what happens to its acceleration?

A

It doubles

34
Q

What force is needed to give an acceleration of 2 m/s(squared) to a 4kg box?

A

8N

35
Q

What is terminal velocity?

A

When there is no resultant force and the object reaches a steady speed, called the terminal velocity.

36
Q

What is mass a measure of?

A

How much stuff is in an object.

37
Q

Elastic objects can store elastic potential energy when they are?

A

Stretched or squashed

38
Q

When an elastic object is changed from its original shape: work is …….?

A

Done

39
Q

Until a certain limit is reached, Hookes law states that: the extension of an elastic object is ……. ………. To the force applied?

A

Directly propertional

40
Q

A spring with k= 10N/m is stretched from 0.2 to 0.5m. The force needed is?

A

3N

P2 (5 decks)

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