speech percept 1 Flashcards
which week of pregnancy is the…
a) cochlea and middle ear structures developed
b) hearing system anatomically ready
c) auditory system functional
d) neuronal connections tonotopically developed
a) 16 weeks
b) 20 weeks
c) 24 weeks
d) 28 weeks
what kind of filer does a pregnant woman’s belly act as?
low pass
what is meant by “universal listeners”?
period of birth to ~6 months where infants can learn sounds of all languages
what is meant by “undevelopment phase”?
> 6 months infant brain tunes into sounds that are in their environment’s language
what is “perceptual narrowing”?
idea that experience tunes perceptual system
what prevents synaptic pruning?
using those connections
when is the peak for…
a) auditory and visual areas of brain
b) language
c) frontal lobes
a) 4-6 months
b) 8-12 months
c) 1-5 ish but continues into teenage years
what are the 4 necessary conditions for learning to occur?
- attention
- gesture
- eye gaze
- labelling
what is the function of speech perception?
social communication
T or F: babies need free tongue movement to decipher speech sounds.
true
what is perceptual magnet?
anything that sounds close to something will get pulled into it perception-wise
what are the 5 problems of speech perception theories?
- segmentation issues due to coarticulation
- variability from coarticulation (example: the /t/ in “tail” vs “stale”)
- dialects and accents
- speaker variability (pitch, rate)
- no mandatory acoustic cues (noise)
which of the following statements is true:
a) Perception is simply checking off a list of acoustic cues.
b) Cues can be easily heard (like visualized on a spectrogram).
c) Cues for phonemes are like beads on a string – discrete and easy to perceive.
d) Cues are static and do not change.
none!!!
T or F: Categorical perception exists across sensory modalities.
true
T or F: categorical perception is unique to humans because it evolved specifically for speech.
false – all living creatures have categorical perception
