lec 9 Flashcards
how are vowels vs consonants traditionally classified?
- vowels: formants, duration, tube resonance
- consonants: manner of articulation
what are the most clinically used anatomical descriptors of consonants? (6)
- labial
- dental
- tongue tip
- tongue blade
- tongue body
- tongue dorsum
T or F: IPA is fool-proof
false
why are sounds like /w/ and /d3/ not show on IPA charts?
- because they have 2 properties at the same time which cannot be expressed on the chart
what are the orders of steps for prevocalic vs postvocalic stops?
- prevocalic: closure, release. transition
- postvocalic: transition, closure, release (or no release)
is aspiration phonemic in english?
no
T or F: word final stops always show a release
false – do not always show a release (“unreleased”)
T or F: vowels preceding a voiced stop consonant are lengthened
true
what is voice onset time (VOT)?
interval bw release stop (burst) and onset vocal fold vibration (can be 0 - slightly positive)
VOT for voiced vs voiceless sounds?
- voiced: -20 to +20
- voiceless: 40 to 80
which systems need to be coordinated for speech to sound correct?
respiration, phonation, articulation, resonance
how does VOT change with place of articulation?
- increases as you move from labial (/p/) to velar (/k/) sounds
if a client with a speech-sound disorder is producing a VOT of 10, will their sounds be voiced or voiceless?
voiced
whats one way to fix VOT?
- stablize jaw
- masseter spindles provide info to brain about vocal cord timing (phonation and articulation coordination)
blank spaces on spectrograms represent
stops
