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HGD MIDTERMS > Speech and Language > Flashcards

Speech and Language Flashcards

1
Q

It is the acoustic representation of language; oral production of words in a given language

A

Speech

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2
Q

socially shared code or conventional system for representing concepts
u through the use of arbitrary symbols and rule governed combinations of those symbols (Owens, 2008, p.460)

A

LANGUAGE

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3
Q

It is the translation of sounds, words, word order and nonverbal signals into intended message

A

LANGUAGE

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4
Q

exchange of ideas between sender(s) and receiver(s).
- involves message transmission and response.

A

COMMUNICATION

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5
Q

Communication is separated into 2 parts:__ and __

A

Verbal and Nonverbal

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6
Q

Explain the communication process

A
  1. Sender has a thought
  2. Messages it through language, speech, nonverbal
  3. Receiver translates of sounds, words, word order, and nonverbal signals
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7
Q

it requires encoding (sending of message) and decoding (receiving and understanding)

A

The communication process

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8
Q

Sounds become (blank) only if they are words that have meaning

A

SPEECH

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9
Q

Four processes in speech production

A

Respiration
Phonation
Resonation
Articulation

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10
Q

Respiration

A

the breathing that produces the sound

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11
Q

Phonation

A

sound produced by the vibration of the vocal cords

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12
Q

Resonation

A

product of the sound travelling through the body tissues of the head and neck

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13
Q

Articulation

A

sound produced by the movement of the mouth, tongue, lips, teeth, palate

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14
Q

Articulation Disorders may result from

A
  • abnormal structures of the articulators
  • faulty learning (no physical/anatomical
    reason)
  • hearing loss
  • neurological damage
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15
Q

SPEECH DISORDERS ASSOCIATED WITH OROFACIAL DEFECTS

A

Tongue and Lips
Ears
Teeth
Nasal Passages, gums and palates

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16
Q

SPEECH DISORDERS ASSOCIATED WITH NEUROLOGICAL DAMAGE

A

Involves damage to the brain, nerves or muscles involved in speech
(diaphragm, larynx, throat, tongue, jaw and lips).

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17
Q

APRAXIA

A

inability to plan and execute movement of the muscles

18
Q

DYSARTHRIA

A

Voice disorder due to impaired motor
control of throat, tongue or lips.

19
Q

ANARTHIA

A

Loss of the ability to speak.

A loss of control of the muscles of speech, resulting in the inability to articulate words.

usually caused by damage to a central or peripheral motor nerve

20
Q

DYSPHONIA

A

any abnormality in the speaking voice, such as hoarseness. A disorder of voice quality

21
Q

Main Causes in Children

A
  1. Faulty learning is the #1 reason in children.
  2. Hearing loss causes trouble with consonants and vowels in severe cases.
  3. Structural differences such as cleft palate or poor dentition (misalignment of teeth or poor shape of dental arc).
  4. Neurological-Cerebral Palsy results in tight muscles that may cause a delay in articulation and poor coordination.
22
Q

Main Causes in Adults

A
  1. Poor learning. This is usually corrected by adulthood but not always.
  2. Hearing loss makes it harder for adults to monitor their own speech.
  3. Changes in anatomy and oral structures such as a glossectomy (removal of pieces of the tongue) or car accidents that cause facial fractures, or tumors in the mouth that may or may not have been removed.
  4. Neurological-Stroke may cause paralysis of the tongue and face or cranial nerves.
23
Q

Define the ASHA 5 subsystems
Phonology
Morphology
Syntax
Semantics
Pragmatics

A

Phonology (sound) - the sound system

Morphology (word form) - structure of words

Syntax - how words are arranged in a sentence

Semantics - pieces of meaning that come together to define a particular word

Pragmatics - social use of language

24
Q

Causes of developmental language problems

A

Absence of verbal language
Quantitatively different language
Delayed language development
Interrupted language development

25
Q

APHASIA

A

literally means without language. Loss of ability to speak because of brain damage

26
Q

Development of Sound Production for age 3

A

m, n, h, p, ng, f, w

acronym: My Neighbor Has Pie Now Good For Wendy

27
Q

Development of Sound Production for 3.5

A

y

28
Q

Development of Sound Production for 4

A

k, d, g, b, r

ken,daniel,glenn,benze,rei

29
Q

Development of Sound Production for 4.5

A

s, sh, tsh

30
Q

Development of Sound Production for 6

A

t, l, th (thumb), v
the long thumb vine

31
Q

Development of Sound Production for 7

A

th (father), dz, z

32
Q

0 to 11 months
Before 6 months, the child does not startle, blink or change immediate activity in response to sudden loud sounds

A

RED FLAG

33
Q

Before 6 months, the child does not attend to the human voice and is not soothed by his/her mother’s voice

A

RED FLAG

34
Q

By 6 months, the child does not babble strings of consonant + vowel syllables or imitate gargling or cooing sounds

A

RED FLAG

35
Q

By 10 months, the child does not respond to his/her name

A

RED FLAG

36
Q

Language Delay Identification

A

Failure of the child to master 50 words by 2 years of age

37
Q

What is early identification?

A

it is the evaluation and treatment provided to families and their children under three years old who have, or are at risk for having, a disability or delay in speech, language, or hearing.

38
Q

Standard test for Evaluation

A

direct observation of play and interaction with caregivers;

reports by parents, teachers, or physicians;

collection and detailed analysis of spontaneous speech samples

39
Q

what is assessment?

A

Systematic process of obtaining information from many sources, through various means and different settings.

For verification and identification of strengths and weaknesses as well as identify the problem itself.

40
Q

Identify Intervention Strategies

A

Therapy
Interactive approaches
Augmentative communication Computer
Facilitated communication
Intervention for Fluency Disorders (Fillers, hesitations, repetitions, prolongations, stuttering)

HGD MIDTERMS (4 decks)

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