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Antibiotics > Spectrum > Flashcards

Spectrum Flashcards

1
Q

Natural Penicillins
Penicillin G, V
Spectrum
Good

A 
Treponema pallidum 
most Streptococci (including S. pneumoniae)
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2
Q

Natural Penicillins
Penicillin G, V
Spectrum
Moderate

A

Enterococci

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3
Q

Natural Penicillins
Penicillin G, V
Spectrum
Poor

A

Almost everything else

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4
Q

Antistaphylococcal Penicillins
Spectrum
Good

A

MSSA

Streptococci

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5
Q

Antistaphylococcal Penicillins Spectrum

Poor

A

GNRs
Enterococci
Anaerobes
MRSA

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6
Q

Aminopenicillins
Amoxicillin, Ampicillin
Spectrum
Good

A

Streptococci

Enterococci

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7
Q

Aminopenicillins
Amoxicillin, Ampicillin
Spectrum
Moderate

A

enteric GNRs

Haemophilus

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8
Q

Aminopenicillins
Amoxicillin, Ampicillin
Spectrum
Poor

A

Staphylococci
Anaerobes
Pseudomonas

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9
Q

Antipseudomonal Penicillins
Spectrum
Good

A

P. aeruginosa
Streptococci
Enterococci

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10
Q

Antipseudomonal Penicillins
Spectrum
Moderate

A

enteric GNRs

Haemophilus

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11
Q

Antipseudomonal Penicillins
Spectrum
Poor

A

Staphylococci

Anaerobes

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12
Q

Penicillin/BL-inhibitor Combos
Spectrum
Good

A 
MSSA
Streptococci 
Enterococci 
many Anaerobes
enteric GNRs
P. aeruginosa 
-only piperacillin/tazobactam
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13
Q

Penicillin/BL-inhibitor Combos
Spectrum
Moderate

A

GNRs with advanced betalactamases

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14
Q

Penicillin/BL-inhibitor Combos
Spectrum
Poor

A

MRSA

ESBL-producing GNRs

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15
Q

1G Cephalosporins
Spectrum
Good

A

MSSA

Streptococci

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16
Q

1G Cephalosporins
Spectrum
Moderate

A

some enteric GNRs

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17
Q

1G Cephalosporins
Spectrum
Poor

A

Enterococci
Anaerobes
MRSA
Pseudomonas

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18
Q

2G Cephalosporins
Spectrum
Good

A

some enteric GNRs
H. influenzae
N. gonorrhoeae

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19
Q

2G Cephalosporins
Spectrum
Moderate

A

Streptococci
Staphylococci
Anaerobes
-only cefmetazole, cefotetan, cefoxitin

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20
Q

2G Cephalosporins
Spectrum
Poor

A

Enterococci
MRSA
Pseudomonas

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21
Q

3G Cephalosporins
Spectrum
Good

A 
Streptococci 
-except ceftazidime (poor)
Enteric GNRs
Pseudomonas 
-only ceftazidime
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22
Q

3G Cephalosporins
Spectrum
Moderate

A

MSSA

-except ceftazidime (poor)

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23
Q

3G Cephalosporins
Spectrum
Poor

A 
Enterococci 
Anaerobes 
MRSA
Pseudomonas 
-except ceftazidime
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24
Q

4G Cephalosporins
Cefepime
Spectrum
Good

A

MSSA
Streptococci
Pseudomonas
Enteric GNRs

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25
Q

4G Cephalosporins
Cefepime
Spectrum
Moderate

A

Acinetobacter

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26
Q

4G Cephalosporins
Cefepime
Spectrum
Poor

A

Enterococci
Anaerobes
MRSA

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27
Q

Ceftaroline
Spectrum
Good

A

MSSA
MRSA
Streptococci
Enteric GNRs

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28
Q

Ceftaroline
Spectrum
Moderate

A

E. faecalis

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29
Q

Ceftaroline
Spectrum
Poor

A

P. aeruginosa
E. faecium
Acinetobacter
Anaerobes

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30
Q

Cephalosporins/BL-inhibitor combinations
Spectrum
Good

A

Pseudomonas
Enteric GNRs
-ceftazidime/avibactam > ceftolozane/tazobactam)

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31
Q

Cephalosporins/BL-inhibitor combinations
Spectrum
Moderate

A

Some streptococci

-ceftolozane/tazobactam

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32
Q

Cephalosporins/BL-inhibitor combinations
Spectrum
Poor

A

Most anaerobes
MRSA
MSSA
Acinetobacter

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33
Q

Carbapenems
Spectrum
Good

A 
MSSA 
Streptococci 
Anaerobes 
Enteric GNRs
Pseudomonas 
-not ertapenem 
Acinetobacter 
-not ertapenem 
ESBL producing GNRs
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34
Q

Carbapenems
Spectrum
Moderate

A

Enterococci

-not ertapenem

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35
Q

Carbapenems
Spectrum
Poor

A

MRSA

Penicillin resistant streptococci

36
Q

Monobactams
Aztreonam
Spectrum
Good

A

Pseudomonas

Most GNRs

37
Q

Monobactams
Aztreonam
Spectrum
Moderate

A

Acinetobacter

38
Q

Monobactams
Aztreonam
Spectrum
Poor

A

Gram+ organisms

Anaerobes

39
Q 
Glycopeptides 
and Short Acting Lipoglycopeptides
Vancomycin, Telavancin
Spectrum
Good
A

MSSA
MRSA
Streptococci
C. difficile

40
Q 
Glycopeptides 
and Short Acting Lipoglycopeptides
Vancomycin, Telavancin
Spectrum
Moderate
A

Enterococci

41
Q 
Glycopeptides 
and Short Acting Lipoglycopeptides
Vancomycin, Telavancin
Spectrum
Poor
A

Anything Gram-

42
Q

Long Acting Glycopeptides
Dalbavancin, Oritavancin
Spectrum
Good

A 
MSSA
MRSA
Streptococci 
Enterococci 
-oritavancin
43
Q

Long Acting Glycopeptides
Dalbavancin, Oritavancin
Spectrum
Moderate

A

Enterococci

-dalbavancin

44
Q

Long Acting Glycopeptides
Dalbavancin, Oritavancin
Spectrum
Poor

A

Anything Gram-

45
Q

Fluoroquinolones
Ciprofloxacin
Spectrum
Good

A

Enteric GNRs
-E. coli, Proteus, Klebsiella, etc.
H. influenzae

46
Q

Fluoroquinolones
Ciprofloxacin
Spectrum
Moderate

A

Pseudomonas
Atypicals
-mycoplasma, chlamydia, legionella

47
Q

Fluoroquinolones
Ciprofloxacin
Spectrum
Poor

A

Staphylococci
S. pneumoniae
Anaerobes
Enterococci

48
Q

Fluoroquinolones
Levo/Moxi/Gemifloxacin
Spectrum
Good

A

Enteric Gram-
S. pneumoniae
Atypicals
H. influenzae

49
Q

Fluoroquinolones
Levo/Moxi/Gemifloxacin
Spectrum
Moderate

A

Pseudomonas
-only levofloxacin
MSSA

50
Q

Fluoroquinolones
Levo/Moxi/Gemifloxacin
Spectrum
Poor

A

Anaerobes
-moxifloxacin has moderate activity
Enterococci

51
Q

Aminoglycosides
Gent/Tobramycin, Amikacin
Spectrum
Good

A

Gram negatives

  • E. coli
  • Klebsiella
  • Pseudomonas
  • Acinetobacter
  • Most others
52
Q

Aminoglycosides
Gent/Tobramycin, Amikacin
Spectrum
Moderate

A 
In combination with a beta lactam or glycopeptide:
Staphylococci (MRSA)
Viridans streptococci 
Enterococci 
-gentamicin and streptomycin are best
53
Q

Aminoglycosides
Spectrum
Poor

A

Atypicals
Anaerobes
Gram+ organisms
-as monotherapy

54
Q

Tetracyclines
Doxy/Mino/Tetracycline
Spectrum
Good

A 
Atypicals 
Rickettsia 
Spirochetes
-Borrelia burgdorferi 
-H. pylori 
Plasmodium species (malaria)
55
Q

Tetracyclines
Doxy/Mino/Tetracycline
Spectrum
Moderate

A

Staphylococci
-including MRSA
S. pneumoniae

56
Q

Tetracyclines
Doxy/Mino/Tetracycline
Spectrum
Poor

A

Most GNRs
Anaerobes
Enterococci

57
Q

Glycylcyclines
Tigecycline
Spectrum
Good

A 
Atypicals 
Enterococci 
-including VRE
Staphylococci 
-including MRSA
S. pneumoniae
58
Q

Glycylcyclines
Tigecycline
Spectrum
Acceptable

A

Most GNRs

Anaerobes

59
Q

Glycylcyclines
Tigecycline
Spectrum
Poor

A

Pseudomonas
Proteus
Providencia

60
Q

Macrolides and Ketolides
Spectrum
Good

A 
Atypicals 
H. influenzae 
Moraxella catarrhalis 
H. pylori 
Mycobacterium avium
61
Q

Macrolides and Ketolides
Spectrum
Moderate

A

S. pneumoniae
-telithromycin > macrolides
S. pyogenes

62
Q

Macrolides and Ketolides
Spectrum
Poor

A 
Staphylococci 
Enteric GNRs
-azithromycin > clarithromycin 
Anaerobes 
Enterococci
63
Q

Oxazolidinones
Linezolid, Tedizolid
Spectrum
Good

A 
MSSA
MRSA
Streptococci 
-including multidrug resistant S. pneumoniae 
Enterococci 
-including VRE
Nocardia
64
Q

Oxazolidinones
Linezolid, Tedizolid
Spectrum
Moderate

A

Some atypicals

M. tuberculosis

65
Q

Oxazolidinones
Linezolid, Tedizolid
Spectrum
Poor

A

All Gram-

Anaerobes

66
Q

Nitroimidazoles
Metronidazole
Spectrum
Good

A 
Gram- and Gram+ anaerobes
-Bacteroides 
-Fusobacterium 
-Clostridium species
Protozoa
-Trichomonas 
-Entamoeba 
-Giardia
67
Q

Nitroimidazoles
Metronidazole
Spectrum
Moderate

A

H. pylori

68
Q

Nitroimidazoles
Metronidazole
Spectrum
Poor

A 
Anything aerobic
Anaerobes that reside in the mouth
-Peptostreptococcus 
-Actinomyces 
-Propionibacterium
69
Q

Nitrofurans (nitrofurantoin)
and Fosfomycin
Spectrum
Good

A

E. coli

Staphylococcus saprophyticus

70
Q

Nitrofurans (nitrofurantoin)
and Fosfomycin
Spectrum
Moderate

A 
Citrobacter 
Klebsiella 
Proteus 
Enterococci 
Pseudomonas 
-fosfomycin 
Serratia 
-fosfomycin
71
Q

Nitrofurans (nitrofurantoin)
and Fosfomycin
Spectrum
Poor

A

Acinetobacter

72
Q

Streptogramins
Quinupristin/Dalfopristin
Spectrum
Good

A 
MSSA
MRSA
Streptococci 
E. faecium 
-including VRE strains
73
Q

Streptogramins
Quinupristin/Dalfopristin
Spectrum
Poor

A

E. faecalis

Anything Gram-

74
Q

Cyclic Lipopeptides
Daptomycin
Spectrum
Good

A

MSSA
MRSA
Streptococci

75
Q

Cyclic Lipopeptides
Daptomycin
Spectrum
Moderate to Good

A

Enterococci

-including VRE

76
Q

Cyclic Lipopeptides
Daptomycin
Spectrum
Poor

A

Anything Gram-

77
Q

Folate Antagonists
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
Spectrum
Good

A 
S. aureus 
-including many MRSA strains
H. influenzae 
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia 
Listeria 
Pneumocystis jirovecii 
-formerly known as P. carinii 
Toxoplasma gondii 
-pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine
77
Q

Folate Antagonists
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
Spectrum
Moderate

A 
Enteric GNRs
S. pneumoniae 
Salmonella 
Shigella 
Nocardia 
S. pyogenes
78
Q

Folate Antagonists
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
Spectrum
Poor

A

Pseudomonas
Enterococci
Anaerobes

79
Q

Lincosamides
Clindamycin
Spectrum
Good

A

Many Gram+ anaerobes
Plasmodium species
-malaria
S. pyogenes

80
Q

Lincosamides
Clindamycin
Spectrum
Moderate

A 
S. aureus
-including many MRSA strains
Gram negative anaerobes
Chlamydia trachomatis 
P. jirovecii 
Actinomyces 
Toxoplasma
81
Q

Lincosamides
Clindamycin
Spectrum
Poor

A

Enterococci
C. difficile
Gram- aerobes

82
Q

Polymixins
Colistin (colistimethate sodium); polymixin B
Spectrum
Good

A

Many GNRs including multi drug resistant:

  • A. baumannii
  • P. aeruginosa
  • K. pneumoniae (carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae)
83
Q

Polymixins
Colistin (colistimethate sodium); polymixin B
Spectrum
Moderate

A

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

84
Q

Polymixins
Colistin (colistimethate sodium); polymixin B
Spectrum
Poor

A 
All Gram+ organisms
Anaerobes
Proteus
Providencia 
Burkholderia 
Serratia 
Gram- cocci
85
Q

Fidaxomicin
Spectrum
Good

A

C. difficile

86
Q

Fidaxomicin
Spectrum
Poor

A

Anything else including

  • Bacteroides spp
  • Enteric GNRs

Antibiotics (63 decks)

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