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Antibiotics > Empiric Regimens > Flashcards

Empiric Regimens Flashcards

1
Q

Empiric Regimens
Community-acquired pneumonia
Common pathogens

A 
S. pneumoniae 
H. influenzae 
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Chlamydophila pneumoniae 
Legionella pneumophila
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2
Q 
Empiric Regimens
Community-acquired pneumonia
Outpatient, otherwise healthy
No recent antibiotic exposure 
Treatment
A 
Doxycycline 
or 
Azithromycin 
or
Clarithromycin
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3
Q 
Empiric Regimens
Community-acquired pneumonia
Outpatient
Comorbidities and/or recent antibiotic exposure 
Treatment
A

Amoxicillin or Amox/Clav
or
Cefuroxime Plus
Azithromycin or Clarithromycin

OR

Levo/Moxi/Gemifloxacin

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4
Q

Empiric Regimens
Community-acquired pneumonia
Inpatient; non-ICU
Treatment

A 
Ceftriaxone 
or
Cefotaxime 
or 
Ampicillin 
or
Ertapenem
Plus
Azithromycin
or
Clarithromycin 
or
Doxycycline

OR

Levo/Moxifloxacin

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5
Q

Empiric Regimens
Community-acquired pneumonia
Inpatient, ICU
Treatment

A 
Ceftriaxone 
or
Cefotaxime 
or 
Amp/Sulb 
Plus
Azithromycin 
or
Levo/Moxifloxacin
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6
Q

Empiric Regimens
Healthcare-associated pneumonia
Early onset (within 5 days of hospitalization) and no recent antibiotic exposure
Common pathogens

A 
S. pneumoniae
H. influenzae 
MSSA
E. coli
Klebsiella pneumoniae
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7
Q

Empiric Regimens
Healthcare-associated pneumonia
Early onset (within 5 days of hospitalization) and no recent antibiotic exposure
Treatment

A 
Ceftriaxone 
or
Amp/Sulb 
or
Ertapenem 
or
Levo/Moxifloxacin
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8
Q

Empiric Regimens
Healthcare-associated pneumonia
Late onset (after 5 days of hospitalization) and/or recent antibiotic exposure
Common pathogens

A 
MRSA
Enterobacter sp 
Proteus sp 
Serratia sp 
P. aeruginosa

Plus

S. pneumoniae
H. influenzae 
MSSA
E. coli
Klebsiella pneumoniae
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9
Q

Empiric Regimens
Healthcare-associated pneumonia
Late onset (after 5 days of hospitalization) and/or recent antibiotic exposure
Treatment

A 
Cefepime
or
Ceftazidime 
or 
Imipenem 
Or
Meropenem 
or
Pip/Tazo 
or
Aztreonam 
Plus
Cipro/Levofloxacin
or
Gent/Tobra 
or
Amikacin 
Plus
Vancomycin 
or
Linezolid
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10
Q

Otitis Media

Common Pathogens

A

Viruses
S. pneumoniae
H. influenzae
Moraxaella catarrhalis

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11
Q

Otitis Media
Mild-moderate otalgia with temperature less than 39C
Treatment

A 
Amoxicillin
or
Cefuroxime
or 
Cefpodoxime 
or
Azithromycin
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12
Q

Otitis Media
Severe otalgia and/or temperature greater than 39C
Treatment

A

Amox/Clav
or
Ceftriaxone

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13
Q

Pharyngitis

Common pathogens

A

Viruses

S. pyogenes

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14
Q

Pharyngitis
Documented or high risk for S. pyogenes
Treatment

A 
Penicillin VK
or
Cephalexin 
or
Azithromycin
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15
Q

Urinary Tract Infection
Uncomplicated community acquired lower UTI in healthy women less than 50 yo
and
Community acquired complicated UTI or pyelonephritis
Common pathogens

A 
E. coli 
Proteus sp 
K. pneumoniae 
S. saphrophyticus 
Enterococcus sp
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16
Q

Urinary Tract Infection
Nosocomial complicated UTI or pyelonephritis
Common pathogens

A

Enterobacter sp
P. aeruginosa

Plus

E. coli 
Proteus sp 
K. pneumoniae 
S. saphrophyticus 
Enterococcus sp
17
Q

Urinary Tract Infection
Uncomplicated community acquired lower UTI in healthy women less than 50 yo
Treatment

A 
T/S
or
Nitrofurantoin 
or
Fosfomycin 
or
Cipro/Levofloxacin
18
Q

Urinary Tract Infection
Community acquired complicated UTI or pyelonephritis
Treatment

A 
Cipro/Levofloxacin 
or
Ceftriaxone
or 
Ertapenem
19
Q

Urinary Tract Infection
Nosocomial complicated UTI or pyelonephritis
Treatment

A 
Ceftazidime 
or
Pip/Tazo
or 
Cefepime
or 
Mero/Imipenem
20
Q

Skin/soft tissue infections
(General)
Common pathogens

A

Strep pyogenes

Staph aureus

21
Q

Skin/soft tissue infections
Diabetic foot infection (mod-severe)
Common pathogens

A 
E. coli 
Proteus sp 
K. pneumoniae 
Bacteroides fragilis
Enterococcus sp 
P. aeruginosa

Plus
S. pyogenes
S. aureus

22
Q

Skin/soft tissue infections
(General)
Low risk for MRSA
Treatment

A 
Cefazolin 
or
Nafcillin 
or 
Cephalexin 
or
Dicloxacillin
23
Q

Skin/soft tissue infections
(General)
High risk for MRSA
Treatment

A 
Vancomycin 
or
Linezolid 
or
Clindamycin

OR

Cephalexin
or
Dicloxacillin 
Plus
Doxycycline 
or
T/S
24
Q

Skin/soft tissue infections
Diabetic foot infection (mod-severe)
Treatment

A 
Ceftriaxone 
or
Amp/Sulb 
or 
Pip/Tazo 
or
Ertapenem

OR

Levo/Ciprofloxacin
Plus
Clindamycin

All with or without Vancomycin

25
Q

Intra-abdominal infections
Community-acquired, mild-mod severity
Common pathogens

A 
E. coli 
Proteus sp 
K. pneumoniae 
B. fragilis
Enterococcus sp 
Viridans strep
26
Q 
Intra-abdominal infections
Community-acquired, high severity or high risk patient 
OR
Nosocomial (any severity or patient)
Common pathogens
A

P. aeruginosa
Enterobacter sp
Serratia sp

Plus

E. coli 
Proteus sp 
K. pneumoniae 
B. fragilis
Enterococcus sp 
Viridans strep
27
Q

Intra-abdominal infections
Community-acquired, mild-mod severity
Treatment

A 
Ertapenem 
or
Moxifloxacin 
or
Tigecycline

OR

Cefazolin 
or 
Ceftriaxone 
or
Levo/Ciprofloxacin 
Plus
Metronidazole
28
Q 
Intra-abdominal infections
Community-acquired, high severity or high risk patient 
OR
Nosocomial (any severity or patient)
Treatment
A 
Pip/Tazo
or
Imipenem
or
Meropenem

OR

Ceftazidime 
or
Cefepime 
Plus
Metronidazole

All with or without Vancomycin

29
Q

Community-acquired meningitis
Otherwise healthy, 2-50 yo
Common pathogens

A

S. pneumoniae

Neisseria meningitidis

30
Q

Community-acquired meningitis
Greater than 50 yo or immunocompromised
Common pathogens

A

Listeria monocytogenes

Plus

S. pneumoniae
Neisseria meningitidis

31
Q

Community-acquired meningitis
Otherwise healthy, 2-50 yo
Treatment

A

Ceftriaxone
Plus
Vancomycin

32
Q

Community-acquired meningitis
Greater than 50 yo or immunocompromised
Treatment

A 
Ceftriaxone 
Plus
Vancomycin 
Plus
Ampicillin
33
Q

Healthcare associated infectious
diarrhea
Common pathogens

A

Clostridium difficile

34
Q

Healthcare associated infectious
diarrhea
Mild-mod infection
Treatment

A

Metronidazole (oral)

35
Q

Healthcare associated infectious
diarrhea
Severe infection
Treatment

A

Vancomycin (oral)
or
Fidaxomicin

36
Q

Healthcare associated infectious
diarrhea
Severe complicated infection (eg., ileus)
Treatment

A

Vancomycin (oral)
Plus
Metronidazole (IV)

37
Q

Community-acquired infectious diarrhea

Common pathogens

A 
Shigella 
Salmonella 
E. coli 
Campylobacter 
C. difficile (uncommon)
38
Q

Community-acquired infectious diarrhea

Treatment (if antibiotic therapy necessary)

A

FQ
or
T/S

Antibiotics (63 decks)

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