Specimen & Diagnostic ( ch 15 foundations)

Question 1

Before giving permission for any procedure, a patient must have full knowledge about what will be done during the procedure along with its risks and complications. This is called:

Answer 1

informed consent.

Question 2

The nurse can assist with reducing anxiety when preparing a patient for a diagnostic examination by:

Answer 2

answering questions for clarification.

Question 3

To lessen a patient’s embarrassment when asked to provide a sample of body excretions, the nurse may provide the patient with proper instructions and allow the patient to:

Answer 3

obtain his or her own specimen.

Question 4

The responsibility for notifying the physician when laboratory and diagnostic studies deviate from the norm belongs to the:

Answer 4

nurse.

Question 5

The cleanest part of a voided urine specimen is collected after voiding is initiated and before it is finished. This is called a:

Answer 5

midstream specimen.

Question 6

The patient is to be catheterized for residual urine. The nurse must perform this catheterization within how many minutes following voiding?

Answer 6

10 minutes

Question 7

The process for collecting a blood specimen for measuring blood glucose levels begins by asking the patient to hold the selected arm at his or her side for 30 seconds and taking the specimen from the:

Answer 7

side of the finger.

Question 8

A stool specimen that must be sent to the laboratory immediately is a specimen for:

Answer 8

ova and parasites.

Question 9

If there is bright red blood in the stool, the nurse recognizes that the probable source of the blood is the:

Answer 9

lower gastrointestinal tract.

Question 10

Because a sputum specimen must come from deep in the bronchial tree, the nurse will attempt to collect the specimen:

Answer 10

in the early morning.

Question 11

Because some patients are unable to obtain a sputum specimen by coughing and expectorating, the nurse may collect the specimen by:

Answer 11

tracheal suctioning.

Question 12

When the nurse is collecting a specimen for a wound culture, the specimen should never be collected from:

Answer 12

old drainage

Question 13

Anaerobic organisms tend to grow within body cavities. To collect an anaerobic specimen, the nurse uses a sterile:

Answer 13

syringe tip.

Question 14

When obtaining a throat culture, the nurse must use a cotton-tipped applicator to swab the:

Answer 14

pharynx.

Question 15

The nurse explains that electrocardiograms are graphic representations of electrical impulses generated by the heart and can identify abnormalities that:

Answer 15

interfere with electrical conduction.

Question 16

The nurse assesses a patient’s knowledge of an ordered procedure to determine:

Answer 16

health teaching required.

Question 17

Before administration of contrast media, the nurse should assess if the patient:

Answer 17

is allergic to iodine.

Question 18

The nurse should administer Telepaque in preparation for a cholecystogram one tablet at a time every:

Answer 18

15 minutes.

Question 19

Following a liver biopsy, the nurse should observe for hemorrhage and ensure that the patient is kept on bed rest for 24 hours. For the first 1 to 2 hours, the nurse should keep the patient:

Answer 19

on his or her right side.

Question 20

The patient has undergone a lumbar puncture. The nurse places the patient in which position for up to 12 hours to avoid discomfort from postpuncture spinal headache?

Answer 20

Prone

Question 21

When preparing a patient for a diagnostic examination, part of the nurse’s role is to obtain a signed informed consent before the procedure. This is required for all:

Answer 21

invasive procedures.

Question 22

The procedure for collecting a sterile urine specimen via a catheter port includes clamping the Foley catheter tubing below the catheter port for:

Answer 22

30 minutes.

Question 23

To protect a patient from aspiration following a bronchoscopy, the nurse should keep the patient NPO for 2 hours until the:

Answer 23

gag reflex has returned.

Question 24

The nurse has an order to perform occult blood testing on a patient’s emesis. The nurse recognizes that the test is positive for occult blood when the sample turns:

Answer 24

blue.

Question 25

When preparing the patient for an abdominal scan, the nurse should:

Answer 25

assess patient for allergies to dye or shellfish.

Question 26

When preparing the patient for an arteriography, the nurse should:

Answer 26

verify if the patient has been taking anticoagulants.

Question 27

The nurse should explain to the patient that following a barium enema the color of the stools will be:

Answer 27

white.

Question 28

When preparing the patient for an amniocentesis, the nurse should:

Answer 28

monitor fetal heart tones.

Question 29

When preparing the patient for a bone scan, the nurse should:

Answer 29

encourage water intake.

Question 30

When preparing the patient for a brain scan, the nurse should:

Answer 30

inform the patient that a clicking noise will be heard during the scan.

Question 31

When preparing the patient for a bronchoscopy, the nurse should:

Answer 31

reassure the patient that he or she will be able to breathe during the procedure.

Question 32

When preparing the patient for an electroencephalogram (EEG), the nurse should encourage the intake of:

Answer 32

food.

Food intake should be encouraged, but coffee, tea, and colas should be eliminated before an EEG.

Question 33

When preparing the patient for a glucose tolerance test (GTT), the nurse should:

Answer 33

encourage water intake before the test.

A patient having a glucose tolerance test should be kept NPO for 12 hours before the test except for water

Question 34

When preparing the patient for an exercise tolerance test (treadmill), the nurse should:

Answer 34

allow the patient to drink water before the test.

A patient having an exercise tolerance test is kept NPO except for water, for 4 hours until after the test. The nurse should never hold the patient’s heart medications before this test.

Question 35

A patient has just had a liver biopsy. Immediately following this procedure, the nurse should:

Answer 35

tell the patient to avoid coughing.

coughing may cause increased intra-abdominal pressure.

Question 36

After a bone scan, the nurse assesses a hematoma at the injection site of the dye. The nurse should apply ______ soaks or compresses.

Answer 36

ANS:
warm
Heat will speed absorption of collected blood.

Question 37

When initiating a 24-hour urine collection, the nurse asks the patient to void. The nurse then _______ the specimen.

Answer 37

ANS:

discards

Question 38

Following an intravenous pyelogram, the nurse should watch the patient closely for a delayed reaction to the dye, usually occurring within ___ to ___ hours following the procedure.

Answer 38

ANS:

2, 6

Question 39

When collecting a stool specimen for a guaiac (occult blood in stool), the nurse should take a specimen from _____ different parts of the stool.

Answer 39

ANS:
2

The selection of different parts of the stool gives a broader testing range of the specimen.

Question 40

When performing a venipuncture, the tourniquet should be left on no more than ____ to ____ minutes.

Answer 40

ANS:
1, 2

Occluding the vein for longer than 1 or 2 minutes may cause damage to the vein or cause it to rupture.