Physical Assesment Flashcards
The nurse is collecting data during an initial assessment. The data that can be seen, heard, measured, or felt and is objective is called a(n):
sign. (A sign can be seen, heard, measured, or felt.)
As part of an assessment, the nurse asks the patient for subjective information related to the present illness. Subjective findings that are perceived by the patient are known as:
symptoms.- are subjective indications of illness that are perceived by the patient.
Any disturbance of a structure or function of the body is a pathological condition. This condition is termed a(n):
disease.- is any disturbance of a structure or function of the body.
The nurse is assessing a patient to collect subjective and objective data. These data will provide the basis for making a:
nursing diagnosis.
-Nurses rely on assessment of signs and symptoms to formulate a nursing diagnosis.
The nurse is discussing the origin of diabetes with a diabetic patient. The most appropriate explanation is that this disease is caused by a dysfunction of the
pancreas.-Diabetes mellitus results from dysfunction of the pancreas.
There are four categories of factors that increase an individual’s vulnerability to developing a disease: genetic, physiological, age, and lifestyle. These are called:
risk factors
When discussing diabetes with a patient, the nurse describes this disease as falling into which group in terms of duration?
Chronic-Diabetes mellitus is an example of a chronic disease.
The term used to describe a disease where there has been a partial or complete disappearance of clinical and subjective characteristics of the disease is:
remission.
When a disease results in a structural change in an organ that interferes with its functioning, this is a(n):
organic disease.
Although the signs and symptoms of both infection and inflammation include erythema, edema, and pain, the major difference is that inflammation:
Inflammation is a protective response.
A nursing assessment is a process of collecting data to establish a database. The information contained in the database is the basis for:
an individualized plan of care.-
The nurse is meeting a patient for the first time. The initial step when initiating a nurse-patient relationship is for the nurse to:
introduce her/himself.-
The first step in a nurse-patient relationship is for the nurse to introduce her/himself.
A patient interview being conducted by the nurse should convey to the patient that the nurse has:
feelings of concern.
While conducting an assessment of a patient, the nurse recognizes that the initial step is:
the nursing health history.
When collecting data related to the present illness, the nurse must obtain detailed and comprehensive data to assist in establishing:
appropriate interventions.
The data collected related to the present illness must be detailed and comprehensive to allow planning of appropriate interventions.
During the nursing interview, several histories are taken. The history that involves data concerning habits and lifestyle patterns is called:
past health history
The nurse uses a systematic method for collecting data on all body systems, including normal functioning and any noted changes. This method is a
A review of systems is a systematic method.
The nurse is developing a nursing care plan for a newly admitted patient. The first step in developing this care plan is a:
health history.-
The nursing assessment is the critical step in forming the nursing care plan.
The patient should be assessed as soon as possible after admission. This initial assessment is done by the:
RN.-The initial assessment is done by the registered nurse.
A patient was admitted with a complaint of abdominal pain. Later, the nurse observed the patient demonstrating dyspnea. This change in condition requires an assessment called
focused.-When the nurse observes a change in the patient’s condition, the assessment is focused.
When performing a nursing physical assessment, the nurse uses a head-to-toe approach. When using this method, the nurse begins with a:
neurological assessment.
-When performing a head-to-toe assessment, the nurse begins with a neurological assessment.
An older adult patient is being assessed for skin turgor. The nurse identifies decreased skin turgor demonstrated by slow return of the skin to the previous position after being grasped and raised. The nurse recognizes this could be caused by:
dehydration
During a physical assessment, the nurse listens for adventitious lung sounds. Crackles are classified as fine, medium, or coarse and are most often heard:
during inspiration-
Crackles are usually heard during inspiration.
Auscultating the heart sounds should result in a “lubb-dupp” sound when using the bell and the diaphragm of the stethoscope. The “lubb” sound is caused by the:
closing of the AV valves
The “lubb-dupp” sound of the heart is caused by the closing of the AV and semilunar valves, respectively.
The nurse assesses a patient for capillary refill. After the fingernail is compressed for 5 seconds, the refill time should be fewer than:
3 seconds
Listening for bowel sounds should be done over all four quadrants of the abdomen using the diaphragm of the stethoscope. The normal rate of bowel sounds per minute is:
4-32.
The normal rate of bowel sounds per minute is 4-32.
A patient has edema of the lower extremities. The nurse is assessing whether it is pitting and to what degree. After pressing the skin against a bony prominence for 5 seconds, the nurse identifies 2+ pitting edema because the edema disappears in:
10-15 seconds.
The 2+ pitting edema is identified because the pitting edema disappears in 10 to 15 seconds.
Various techniques are used by the nurse when performing a physical assessment. One of these techniques is percussion. Percussion is used to determine:
density of underlying tissue.
The nurse is obtaining a history of a patient’s present illness. The PQRST system is used for the interview. In this system, the R stands for:
region.
In the PQRST system, the R stands for region.
When performing a physical examination of a patient, the nurse uses a technique that is particularly useful in identifying areas of tenderness or masses of the abdomen. This technique is:
deep palpation
Deep palpation is used to detect tenderness or masses of the abdomen.
The nurse is performing auscultation of breath sounds on a respiratory patient. The sounds heard on inspiration and expiration are low-pitched, coarse, gurgling, and have a snoring sound. These are identified as:
sonorous wheezes.
Sonorous wheezes have a low-pitched, coarse, gurgling, snoring quality and usually indicate the presence of mucus in the trachea and large airways.
When auscultating the thorax, the suggested sequence for a systematic approach is to begin with the:
apices. The suggested sequence for a systematic auscultation of the thorax is to begin with the apices.
A nurse is gathering objective data when admitting a patient. Which assessment finding is considered objective? The patient:
appears to be anxious. Objective data can be seen, heard, measured, or felt by the examiner. It is information that is observable and measurable and can be verified by more than one person. Anxiety is the only objective assessment finding. All other options are examples of subjective data.
A nurse is gathering objective data when admitting a patient. Which assessment finding is considered objective data?
The patient expectorates red-tinged sputum. Objective data can be seen, heard, measured, or felt by the examiner. It is information that is observable and measurable and can be verified by more than one person. Expectoration of red-tinged sputum is the only objective assessment finding. All other options are examples of subjective data.
A nurse is gathering subjective data when admitting a patient. Which assessment finding is considered subjective data? The patient:
complains of chest pain. Symptoms are subjective indications of illness that are perceived by the patient. Examples of symptoms are pain, nausea, vertigo, pruritus, diplopia, numbness, and anxiety. The nurse is unaware of symptoms unless the patient describes the sensation. Symptoms are referred to as subjective data. Chest pain is the only subjective assessment finding. All other options are examples of objective data.