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CLINICAL CHEMISTRY > specimen collection (venipuncture) > Flashcards

specimen collection (venipuncture) Flashcards

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1
Q

deoxygenated blood with a dark red color

A

Venous blood

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2
Q

oxygenated with bright red color

A

Arterial blood

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3
Q

PUNCTURE SITES

A
  • Antecubital fossa region
  • Veins on the wrist and dorsal aspect of hands
  • Vein on the ankle
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4
Q

Basilic, cephalic, median cubital

A

Antecubital fossa region

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5
Q
  • not ideal for diabetic patients or patients with poor circulation
A

Veins on the wrist and dorsal aspect of hands

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6
Q

Best site for venipuncture, largest,
best anchored, and less moveable

A

Median cubital vein

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7
Q

Most commonly used vein if the patient is obese

A

Cephalic vein

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8
Q
  • Considered as the least for venipuncture within the antecubital fossa region because it is near the brachial artery and nerves
  • Puncturing the nerve could result to a certain condition to the patient
A

Basilic vein

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9
Q

Not recommended with diabetic patients

A

Veins on the wrist and dorsal aspect of hands

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10
Q

Least choice just in case the veins in the
arms, wrist, and dorsal aspect of the hand
is not suitable/available

A

Vein on the ankle

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11
Q

Sites (in Newborns)

A

a. Scalp
b. Popliteal
c. Jugular
d. Dorsal of the hand

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12
Q

a. IV lines in both arms
b. Areas with Hematoma
c. Burned or scarred areas
d. Thrombosed veins
e. Edematous arms
f. Partial/Radial mastectomy
g. With AV shunt or fistula
h. Cast (s) on arm (s)

A

SITES TO BE AVOIDED

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13
Q

Can cause lymphangitis and lymphostasis wherein there is blockage of the normal lymph node drainage

A

Partial/Radial mastectomy

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14
Q

removal of the breast

o If right breast is removed, perform puncture on the left arm and vice versa
o If both breasts are removed, perform the puncture on the opposite side of the arm in which the first procedure was performed
o If mastectomy is still within 6 months after procedure, perform the puncture on the hand or ankle

A

Mastectomy

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15
Q

AV- arteriovenous; common in kidney patients; product of anastomosis of the vein and the arteryvein and artery will be connected so the blood will flow from there serving as a vascular access site for
hemodialysis patients

A

With AV shunt or fistula

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16
Q

The major veins for venipuncture are in the ____

A

antecubital fossa

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17
Q
  • At the center of antecubital fossa
  • First choice for venipuncture
A

MCV H-PATTERN

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18
Q
  • Lateral
  • Second-choice in H-pattern
  • Often hard to palpate
  • Obese patients
A

Cephalic Vein H-PATTERN

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19
Q
  • Medial of antecubital fossa
  • Not well anchored, rolls easily
  • Accidentally puncture the brachial artery and the median cutaneous nerve branch
A

Basilic vein H-PATTERN

20
Q

o Located at the very center
o First choice in M - pattern
o Safe to puncture

A

Median Vein
- M-pattern

21
Q

Venipuncture can be performed by means of 3 different methods

A
  • syringe method
  • butterfly infusion method
  • Vacutainer/ETS method
22
Q

Protect as to the one performing the venipuncture

A

Gloves

23
Q

disposable; discard after each use
- Winged infusion set
- Multi- sample needle
- Hypodermic needle with different
colors according to hub size

A

needles

24
Q
  • Gloves
  • Needles
  • Hub/Tube holder/ needle adapter
  • Evacuated tubes
  • Antiseptic
  • Syringes
  • Bandages/tapes
  • Gauze sponges/cotton
  • Tourniquet
  • Sharp container
  • Requisition form
A

Equipment Necessary to Perform a Venipuncture

25
Q
  • has different stopper colors
    depending on the additive inside
A

Evacuated tubes

26
Q

Alcohol wipes/ Alcohol Pad/ Wet Cotton/
Povidone Iodine (usually in blood culture)

A

Antiseptic

27
Q

different capacity rangers from 1mL to 60 mL; in blood collection, 10 mL is already a lot

A

Syringes

28
Q

usually surgical tape (the white one;
micropore)

A

Bandages/Tape

29
Q

venipuncture cannot be performed
without a request form; to know how much blood is to be withdrawn and for what purpose

A

Requisition form

30
Q
  • Single sample needle
    o Used in one patient only then discard
  • Sterile and disposable
  • “The larger the gauge number, the smaller
    the needle bore and length.”
A

Needles

31
Q

gauge commonly used for venipuncture.

A

20-21 gauge

32
Q

gauge used for blood collection (more of
the 21)

A

21-22

33
Q

gauge for children

A

23 gauge

34
Q

gauge used for butterfly infusion set

A

21-23, 25 gauge

35
Q

in collecting 30-50 mL of blood

A

18 gauge

36
Q

yellow gauge

A

20

37
Q

green gauge

A

21

38
Q

black gauge

A

22

38
Q

blue gauge

A

23

39
Q

orange gauge

A

25

40
Q

brown gauge

A

26

41
Q

Needle length
* Standard but
still depends on
the gauge

A

1 or 1.5 inch

42
Q

butterfly needle length

A

½ to ¾ inches

43
Q

Parts of the Syringe:

A
  • Graduated barrel
  • Plunger
  • Transfer device
44
Q

contains the measurement of the volume
of the blood depending on its capacity (1mL- 60mL; in chemistry, 10mL will suffice)

A

Graduated barrel

45
Q

attached to the nozzle of the syringe
and it has a needle with a rubber cover. The rubber cover will retract once you insert the evacuated tube.

Evacuated tube has vacuum inside so even though the plunger is not pushed, the blood will freely flow inside the
tube.

o Safer compared to uncapping method.
o However, NOT PRACTICAL. You have to use different transfer device from one patient to another

A

Transfer device

46
Q

o Short needle with a thin tube with attached plastic wings
* The thin tube present with the set has
different lengths.
o Used for infants and children and patients with fragile veins
o Could be connected to syringe or evacuated tubes
* Through the use of leur adapter

A

Winged Infusion Sets

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY (7 decks)

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