Specimen Collection

Question 1

General Guidelines
1. specimen should be collected during
2. for lesions, wounds, abscesses collect from
3. ideally, transport within ____ and no longer than ___
4. swabs for specimen from ___, ___, ___, & ____:
- use ____ or ___ swabs
- 2 swabs for ___ & ____

Answer 1

1. ACUTE PHASE
2. ADVANCING MARGIN
3. 30mins; 2hrs
4. URT, EXTERNAL EAR, EYE, GENITAL TRACT
   - DACRON/ CALCIUM AGITATE SWABS
   - GRAM STAIN & CULTURE

Question 2

TRANSPORT CONDITION:
1. body fluids, bones, inner ear, corneal scrapings,
foreign bodies, gastric aspirate, suprapubic aspirate of urine, prostatic samples
2. abscess, outer ear, conjunctiva specimen, genital tract specimen, hair, nails, skin scrapings, respiratory tract specimen, tissue specimen
2. within 15mins at RT
3. within 2hrs at RT
4. immediately at 4C (1)
5. within 2hrs at 4C (2)
6. within 24hrs at 4C (3)

Answer 2

1. immediately at RT
2. within 24hrs at RT
3. cerebrospinal fluid
4. blood or bone marrow specimen
5. gastric biopsy
6. indwelling catheter, straight catheter
7. rectal swab, stool culture, midstream urine

Question 3

Specimen Preservatives
1. For urine specimen; bacteriostatic
2. for stool specimen; maintains integrity of trophozoite and cyst
3. transport mediums which maintains the viability/integrity of trophpiztes (4)
4. added to a medium to absorb FA
5. anticoagulant for blood specimen
6. anticoagulant for blood specimen; however, it is more commonly for used for viral cultures

Answer 3

1. Boric Acid
2. Polyvinyl Alcohol
3. Stuart, Amies, Cary-Blair (for stool), Transglow, JEMBEC
4. Charcoal
5. 0.025% Sodium Polyanethol Sulfonate
6. Heparin

Question 4

Specimen Storage
1. for urine stool viral sputa swabs
- temp
- if it is with clostridium p, ref days is for
- any suspected with ___ should not be stored in this
2. for CSF
- temp
- if asked in microbiology CSF is in ____
- if asked in microscopy CSF is in ____
3. fungal specimen, anaerobic cultures, swabs, genital specimens
4. for studies
- temp
- for tissues for longer storage

Answer 4

1. Refrigerator
   - 2-6C
   - 3 days
   - anaerobic
2. Incubator
   - 35C
   - incubator (35C)
   - RT (22-25C)
3. Ambient Temperature
4. Freezer
   - -20C for 1 week
   - -70C

Question 5

Specimen Prioritization
1. Critical/ Invasive (6)
2. Unpreserved (5)
3. Quantitation required
4. Preserved (3)

Answer 5

1. Critical/ Invasive (6)
   - amniotic fluid
   - pericardial fluid
   - blood
   - brain
   - CSF
   - heart valves
2. Unpreserved (5)
   - bone
   - feces
   - sputum
   - tissue
   - other body fluids not listed in Lvl 1
3. Quantitation required
   - catheter tip
   - urine
   - feces
   4.
   - urine
   - feces
   - swabs

Question 6

Specimen Used for Bacteriological Study

1. Blood culture
   - draw during ____
   - 2 tubes for _____ and 2 tubes for _____
   - ___mL for adults; ___mL for pedia
   - use ___ preservative
   - collection should be ____
   - if there’s positive culture = _____, if not _____
2. Body fluids
   - should be ______
3. Bone
   - requires _____

Answer 6

1. Blood culture
   - febrile episodes
   - anaerobic, aerobic
   - 20; 1-10
   - SPS
   - 1 hr apart
   - gram stain; disregard
2. Body fluids
   - centrifuged
3. Bone
   - homogenization

Question 7

Specimen Used for Bacteriological Study

1. CSF
   - collected in __ or ___
   - tube 1
   - tube 2
   - tube 3
   - storage
   - 2 bacteria commonly affects CSF
   - CSF for bacterial detection
   - CSF for viral detection
2. Conjunctiva
   - ___ eye
   - aerobic swab: (3)
3. Corneal Scraping
   - instill ____ before collection

Answer 7

1. CSF
   - 3rd or 4th lumbar
   - Chemistry & Serology
   - Culture & Sensitivity
   - Hematological Studies
   - 6hrs at 37C
   - Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenza
   - room temp (37C)
   - ref temp
2. Conjunctiva
   - both eyes
   - Stuarts/ Amies/ Sterile saline
3. Corneal Scraping
   - local anesthesia

Question 8

Specimen Used for Bacteriological Study

1. Genital tract
   - bartholin cyst
   - cervix
   - Cul-de-sac
   - Endometrium
   - Urethra
   - Vagina & Prostate
2. IUD
   - detection of
3. Catheter
   - technique of inoculation
   - should have ___ colonies

Answer 8

1. Genital tract
   - disinfect with iodine then aspirate
   - remove mucus first
   - aspiration
   - biopsy
   - 1hr after last urinated
   - clean
2. IUD
   - Actinomyces
3. Catheter
   - maki roll
   - 15

Question 9

Specimen Used for Bacteriological Study

1. Nails & Skin
   - hair: collect w/
   - nails: clippings of
   - skin: scrape skin at __ of lesion
2. Lower Respiratory Tract
   - ___ culture = catheter
3. Upper Respiratory Tract
   - moist with
   - nasopharynx bacteria
   - pharynx bacteria

Answer 9

1. Nails & Skin
   - intact shaft
   - affected
   - leading edge
2. Lower Respiratory Tract
   - anaerobic
3. Upper Respiratory Tract
   - Stuart or Amie’s
   - Bordetella pertussis
   - Streptococcus pyogenes

Question 10

Specimen Used for Bacteriological Study

1. Sputum
   - collect during
   - for Tb: ___
   - >1 = sputum sample; -/low = saliva
   - rejects specimen w/
   more than epithelial cell than neutrophils
2. Urine
   - midstream clean catch:
   - straight catheter
   - indwelling
   - Supra pubic
   - inoculating loop is calibrated to ___
   - it indicates infection
   - indicates recovery or administration of antibiotic
3. Stool
   - ___ specimens = ___ each day

Answer 10

1. Sputum
   - first morning
   - 3 consecutive days
   - Bartlett’s Classification
   - Murray & Washington’s Grading System
2. Urine
   - first morning, collect mid urination
   - let 15mL pass
   - aspirate 5-10mL
   - needle aspiration
   - 1uL
   - 1.0x10^5
   - 1.0x10^3 - 1.5x10^5
3. Stool
   - 3 = 1