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Oncology (SA) > Specific tumours part 2 > Flashcards

Specific tumours part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Mammary tumours are reduced by neutering - true or false?

A

True - only if before 2nd season!!

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2
Q

Mammary tumours are 50% benign in dogs (middle-aged), 50% malignant (older dogs). What breeds are predisposed?

A 
Dachshund
Chihuahua
Poodle
Maltese
Yorkie
Cocker
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3
Q

What cat breed is predisposed to mammary tumours?

A

Siamese

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4
Q

When considering surgery for a mammary tumour, how much mammary tissue should be removed?

A

Low risk tumour - single mammary gland
Higher risk - mammary strip
Consider bilateral - likely to get another

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5
Q

What tumour is often mistaken for mastitis in dogs? What is the prognosis?

A

Canine inflammatory carcinoma

Poor - very painful, cannot excise –> palliative

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6
Q

Are feline mammary tumours malignant or benign? What is the treatment for feline mammary tumours?

A

Majority malignant
Treatment: mammary strip +/- LN removal
Chemo: doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide

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7
Q

What chemotherapy is given to cats and dogs with mammary gland tumours?

A

Doxorubicin
Cyclophosphamide
(5-FU - dogs only)

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8
Q

What 2 breeds are predisposed to a MCT?

A

Boxer

Boston terrier

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9
Q

Which two oral drugs are licensed for MCT in dogs?

A

Toceranib

Masitinib

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10
Q

Apart from toceranib and masitinib, what other drugs can be given for MCT chemo?

A

Lomustine
Vinblastine
Prednisolone

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11
Q

How do MCTs spread? (route)

A

Lymphatic

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12
Q

What are the 3 Patnaik grades for canine MCTs?

A

Grade I - well differentiated, benign behaviour
Grade II - variable metastasis, cause of death in 50% patients
Grade III - highly metastatic, likely cause of death

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13
Q

What is the Kiupel grading system for canine MCTs?

A

Low grade - MST >2 yrs

High grade - MST <4 months

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14
Q

Do cats get MCTs?

A

Yes - cutaneous form (alopecic)

Or in spleen/intestine

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15
Q

Which tumour has a vaccine available?

A

Melanoma - canine immunotherapy vaccine

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16
Q

What breeds are predisposed to oral malignant melanomas?

A

Golden Retriever
Cocker
Mini Poodle
Chow Chow

17
Q

What is the treatment for oral malignant melanomas?

A

Surgery
Radiotherapy
Immunotherapy vaccine (for stages II and III)

18
Q

Multiple myeloma is cancer of which cells? What does this lead to an overproduction of?

A

Plasma cells

Overproduction of IgA or IgG

19
Q

In multiple myeloma, the hyperproteinaemia may lead to hyperviscosity syndrome. What are the symptoms of this?

A

Neuro signs
Retinal detachment
CHF

20
Q

What drugs can be used for multiple myeloma treatment?

A

Steroids
Melphalan
(also surgery)

21
Q

In dogs, multiple myelomas can be diagnosed if how many of the following criteria is met? Monoclonal gammopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, etc

A

2

22
Q

What on biochemistry may be a negative prognostic factor for osteosarcomas?

A 
High ALP 
(suggests lots of bone remodelling)
23
Q

Treatment options for appendicular OSA includes surgery (amputation), radiotherapy, bone fixation and chemo. What biphosphonate drug can be used?

A

Pamidronate

24
Q

With oral OSAs, is prognosis better with mandibular or maxillary?

A

Mandibular

Die from mets rather than recurrence

25
Q

What route do soft tissue sarcomas usually spread?

A

Haematogenous

26
Q

SCCs are highly malignant and are often stage N by diagnosis. How do the lesions present?

A

Ulcerated

27
Q

Feline SCC are most common in which location and what age cats?

A

Oral (tongue base)

Middle-older cats

28
Q

What is the treatment and prognosis for feline SCCs?

A

Surgery or palliative

Poor Px

29
Q

Oral SCCs in dogs have a low metastatic rate and are treated with surgery or radiotherapy. What drugs can be used if other therapies aren’t possible?

A

Piroxicam

Carboplatin

30
Q

Tonsillar SCCs have a high metastatic rate and are treated with surgery or chemo. What drugs are used if other therapies aren’t possible?

A

Mitoxantrone

Carboplatin

31
Q

TCCs are common in the trigone of the bladder. Name another predilection site

A

Urethra

Prostate in males

32
Q

Why may an animal with TCC present lame?

A

Bony metastases

33
Q

How can TCCs be treated?

A

Radiotherapy
Medication - mitoxantrone
(Surgery rarely possible)

34
Q

How are TCCs diagnosed?

A

Tissue biopsy via cystoscopy

NOT FNA

35
Q

Transmissible venereal tumours are not in the UK, but are very responsive to which chemo drug?

A

Vincristine

Oncology (SA) (8 decks)

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