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Oncology (SA) > Specific tumours part 1 > Flashcards

Specific tumours part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Eosinophilic granulomas affect the ventral and lateral tongue. What dog breeds are predisposed?

A

CKCS

Husky

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2
Q

What is the treatment for canine and feline eosinophilic granulomas?

A

Steroids
Surgery
Radiotherapy + hypoallergenic diet (cat?)

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3
Q

A dog has raised cauliflower, alopecic lesions. They are benign. What is the likely tumour?

A

Sebaceous adenoma

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4
Q

A dog has a benign swelling in the perianal/thigh area. On cytology the cells look like hepatocytes. What is the likely diagnosis?

A

Hepatoid gland tumour

Sweat glands

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5
Q

A FISS is associated with which vaccines?

A

FeLV

Rabies

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6
Q

How do FISS metastasise? (route)

A

Haematogenous route

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7
Q

What is the 3-2-1 rule for biopsy investigation of a FISS?

A

Mass present for 3+ months post injection
>2cm in diameter
Growing 1 month after injection

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8
Q

What margins are required for a FISS?

A

3-5cm

Refer - may require vertebrae!

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9
Q

How can a FISS be prevented?

A

Vaccinate on a site of wide surgical excision (tail, limb)
Reduce inflammation at site
Do not over-vaccinate

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10
Q

Epulides are non-metastatic lesions on the gingiva. What are the two types and which is invasive?

A

Acanthomatous ameloblastoma - invasive locally

Peripheral odontgenic fibroma - not invasive, slower growing

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11
Q

What breed and age dogs are prone to fibrosarcomas?

A 
Golden Retriever
Middle age (5-7)
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12
Q

Where are feline fibrosarcomas often found?

A

Orally

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13
Q

Where do fibrosarcomas metastasise to? They have low-moderate met risk

A

Lung

LNs

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14
Q

Where is a histiologically low grade, biologically high grade fibrosarcoma often found?

A

Caudal maxilla

Aggressive although benign histo appearance

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15
Q

What haematology changes may be seen with a haemangiosarcoma?

A

Low platelet count - coagulation problems
Anaemia
Shistocytes
Reduced TP

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16
Q

What is a histiocytoma? What does it look like?

A

Round cell tumour

Dome shaped, alopecia +/- ulceration

17
Q

What is the treatment for histiocytoma? What age is usually affected?

A

Nothing - tend to regress in a few weeks

Young animals

18
Q

A histiocytic sarcoma is a round tumour arising from histiocytes in the body. Give examples of where histiocytes are found. Is this tumour metastatic?

A

Lung, spleen, liver, bone, brain, joints
Highly metastatic
Tx with mulitmodal therapy

19
Q

Is leukeamia more common in cats or dogs?

A

Cats

20
Q

What are the 4 types of leukaemia?

A

Acute lymphoid leukaemia
Chronic lymphoid leukaemia
Myelodysplastic syndrome
Chronic myeloid leukaemia

21
Q

What is myelodysplastic syndrome a precursor to? In which animals?

A

Acute lymphoid leukaemia

FeLV positive cats

22
Q

In chronic myeloid leukaemia there is a proliferation of mature myeloid cells, usually neutrophils. What is a blast crisis?

A

Phase of myeloid leukaemia
>30% of circulating blood cells are blast cells
Cause tiredness, pyrexia, splenomegaly

23
Q

What is the treatment for acute leukaemia?

A

Multiagent chemo - CHOP, CEOP
Cytarabine infusions
(Px poor)

24
Q

Lymphoma can be B or T cell. Which has the better prognosis?

A 
B = better
T = terrible
25
Q

What are the stages of lymphoma?

A

Stage 1 = 1 LN or organ
Stage 2 = involement of local LNs or tonsils
Stage 3 = hepatic or spleen involement
Stage 4 = manifestations in blood/bone marrow
a = without systemic illness
b = with systemic illness

26
Q

What is the most common form of lymphoma?

A

Multicentric (generalised peripheral lymphadenopathy

27
Q

Craniomediastinal lymphoma can be solitary or part of multicentric lymphoma. It can lead to hypercalcaemia and precaval syndrome. What is precaval syndrome?

A

Compression of vena cava

Swelling of head, neck and FLs

28
Q

What is the most common form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma?

A

Mycosis fungoides

29
Q

Cutaneous lymphoma can be T cell or B cell. What is the difference?

A

T cell = epitheliotropic

B cell = non-epitheliotropic

30
Q

The gold standard for lymphoma is discontinuous CHOP/CEOP (dogs) or high dose COP (cats). Give examples of rescue protocols

A

DMAC - dexamethasone, melphalan, actinomycin D, cytatarabine
LPP - lomustine, procarbazine, pred
Doxorubicin/epirubicin if not already used

31
Q

What pathogen predisposes cats to lymphoma?

A

FeLV = 62X risk!!!

FIV

32
Q

What drugs can be used for analgesia in palliative bone tumours?

A

Biphosphanates - pamidronate, zoledronate

Oncology (SA) (8 decks)

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