specific immune response Flashcards
what is the specific immune response
production of specific antibodies by lymphocytes to combat infection by specific pathogen
what is the process of specific immune response
pathogen enters body
lymphocyte with complementary antibody to antigen encounters pathogen and binds (clonal selection)
selected lymphocyte divides rapidly (clonal expansion)
cells can then differentiate to specific B or T cells
downside specific response
whilst it is more effective, it is a lot slower
where do b cells come from
bone marrow
where do t cells come from
thymus gland
describe humoral response
b cell with complementary antibody binds to antigen on pathogen
b cell engulfs pathogen and presents its antigen on cell surface membrane to become APC
activated T helper cell binds to the B cell activating the B cell
the activated b cell divides by mitosis to form plasma cells and memory cells
the plasma cells secrete specific antibody to complementary antigen which attaches to antigen and destroys them
memory cells circulate in blood ready to divide at re infection
describe the cellular response
macrophage engulf pathogen and display antigens on surface becoming APC
T helper cell with complementary receptor binds to the displayed antigens (clonal selection)
on binding t helper cell is activated to divide by mitosis to form genetically identical clones (clonal expansion)
the clones can form:
killer cells - destroy infected cells
memory - provide long term immunity
stimulate phagocytosis - produce interleukins
stimulate division b cells to produce antibodies
regulator
what types of b cells
plasma
memory
what types of T cell
killer
memory
helper
regulator
