animal and plant disease Flashcards
what are the 4 types of pathogen
bacteria
fungi virus
protoctists
what is a pathogen
microorganism that causes disease
what are parasite
single celled organism that lives in or on a host
taking the host nutrients to survive
what is bacteria
prokaryotic organism
cell walls made of peptidoglycan
cause communicable disease
infect cells
in plants called rots
what is virus
infect cells and replicate using cells organelles to eventually burst out host cell destroying it
“ultimate parasite”
reproduce rapidly
-inserts viral nucleic acid
- replicates
- synthesis viral proteins
- assembly of virus
- lysis of cell
what is retrovirus
RNA virus that reproduces in host cell using reverse transcriptase to produce DNA from their RNA
what is protctista
eukaryotic organisms
use vectors to spread
eg malaria by mosquito
what is fungi
eukaryotic organisms
composed of filaments called hyphae that form network in soil
digest food extracellularly before absorbing
spread by spores that can spread rapidly through crops
plant bacterial disease
ring rot:
- yellow spots on leaf
limp leafs
- due to contaminated equipment
- DIRECT
animal bacterial disease
bacterial meningitis:
- fever, stiffness, vomit
- droplets in air/ body fluid
- DIRECT
tuberculosis:
- fever, fatigue
- air droplets
- DIRECT
plant virus disease
tobacco mosaic virus:
- growth distortion, yellow streaks/spots on leaf
- contact infected crops
- DIRECT
animal virus disease
Influenza:
- fever, cough, ache
- droplets air
- DIRECT
HIV/AIDS:
- fever, sore throat, muscle pain
- exchange body fluids, contaminated needles
- DIRECT
animal protoctist disease
malaria:
- fever, vomit, diarrhoea
- female mosquito vectors
- INDIRECT
plant protoctist disease
late blight:
- black lesions on stem, leaf loss, white fungal growth underneath leaf
- spores in wind
- DIRECT
plant fungus disease
black sigotoka:
- blacken leaves
- spores in wind
- DIRECT
