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Pharmacology > Specific Drugs > Flashcards

Specific Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What class of drug is Epinephrine?

A

General adrenergic agonist.

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2
Q

What effect does epinephrine have on:

  • Heart rate?
  • Blood pressure?
  • SPO2?
  • Cardiac Output?
A
  • Increased HR
  • BP increases
  • SPO2 may increase if the bronchioles are constricted
  • Cardiac Output Increases
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3
Q

Is the half-life of epinephrine long or short?

A

Very short

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4
Q

What are the 2 common uses for epinephrine?

A
  • Cadiac arrest/ abnormal heart rhythm

- Anaphylaxis

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5
Q

What class of drug is propanolol?

A
  • Non-selective Beta blocker
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6
Q

What effect does propanolol have on:

  • HR?
  • BP?
A
  • Decrease HR

- Decrease diastolic BP (overtime, blocks renin)

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7
Q

Does propanolol have a long or short half-life?

A
  • Long
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8
Q

What class of drug is a Zosin or Phentolomene?

A
  • Non-selective alpha antagonist
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9
Q

What effect does Phentolomene have on:

  • HR
  • BP
A
  • Increased HR
  • Lowered BP

Due to vasoconstriction inhibition

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10
Q

Why is heart rate increased by Phentolomene?

A
  • Reflex response due to vasodilation
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11
Q

What are 2 potential side effects of phentolomene?

A
  • Orthostatic hypotension

- Reflex tachycardia

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12
Q

What class of drug is atropine?

A
  • Anti-cholinergic/ anatagonist of muscarinic receptors
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13
Q

What nerve does atropine strongly inhibit?

A
  • Vagus nerve
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14
Q

What effect does atropine have on:

  • HR?
  • BP?
  • CO?
A
  • Increased HR
  • Increased BP
  • Increased CO
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15
Q

Why does BP increase due to administration of atropine?

A
  • Increased CO
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16
Q

What are the 2 primary uses for atropine?

A
  • Heart stimulation/ cardiac arrest (vagal arrest)

- Dry up secretions

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17
Q

What class of drug is succinylcholine?

A
  • Deplorizing blocker of acetylcholine receptors at neuromuscular junction
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18
Q

Which type of acetylcholine receptor does succinycholine act on?

A
  • Nicotinic
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19
Q

What effect does succinylcholine have on:

  • HR
  • BP
  • CO
  • PO2
  • PCO2
A
  • Increased HR
  • Increased BP
  • Increased CO
  • Decreased PO2
  • Increased PCO2
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20
Q

What is the main use of succinylcholine?

A
  • Temporary paralyzation of a patient for intubation during surgery, or for use of a respiratory
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21
Q

What endogenous chemical helps reverse the effects of succinylcholine?

A
  • Acetylcholine esterase
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22
Q

Why is succinylcholine untraceable?

A
  • It is resorbed back into the body
23
Q

What is a non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drug?

A
  • Curonium
24
Q

What class of drug is Isoproterenol?

A
  • Non-selective beta agonist
25
Q

What effect does isoproterenol have on:

  • CO?
  • BP?
A
  • Increased CO

- Increased BP initially

26
Q

What is ipratropium bromide’s brand name?

A

Atrovent

27
Q

What class of drug is ipratropium bromide?

A
  • Muscarinic antagonist without CNS activity
28
Q

What is the use of ipratropium bromide?

A
  • Bronchodilator in COPD, and sometimes in asthma
29
Q

What class of drug is scopolamine?

A
  • Muscarinic receptor antagonist
30
Q

What is the use of scopolamine?

A
  • Control motion sickness for up to 72 hours
31
Q

What is the brand name of scopolamine?

A
  • Transderm scop
32
Q

What class of drug is tolterodine tartrate?

A
  • Muscarinic receptor antagonist
33
Q

What class of drug is fesoterodine fumarate?

A
  • Muscarinic receptor antagonist
34
Q

What is the brand name of tolterodine tartrate?

A
  • Detrol
35
Q

What is the brand name of fesoterodine fumarate?

A
  • Toviaz
36
Q

What are the uses of Detrol and Toviaz?

A
  • Control overactive bladders
37
Q

What receptor does dopamine act on?

A

The dopamine receptors

38
Q

What is the purpose of dopamine at low dose?

A
  • Vasodilates mesenteric arteries
39
Q

What is the use of dopamine at higher doses?

A
  • Heart stimulation
40
Q

What is the use of isoprotrenol?

A
  • Stimulate heart rate in patients with bradycardia or heart block
41
Q

What are 2 short-acting beta-2 agonists for the treatment of asthma? (chemical names)

A
  • Albuterol

- Terbutalin

42
Q

What are the brand names of albuterol and terbutalin?

A
  • Ventolin

- Brethine

43
Q

What is a long acting beta-2 agonist? (chemical name)

A

Salmeterol

44
Q

What is the brand name of Salmeterol?

A

Serevent

45
Q

What are 3 alpha-1 agonists? (chemical names)

A
  • Oxymetazoline
  • Phenylephrine
  • Mephentermine
46
Q

What is the brand name of oxymetezoline?

A
  • Afrin
47
Q

What is a alpha-2 agonists?

A
  • Clonidine
48
Q

What is the brand name of Clonidine?

A
  • Catapres
49
Q

What is the therapeutic use of clonidine?

A
  • Treatment of hypertension
50
Q

What are 3 adrenergic agonists with a CNS stimulant effect?

A
  • Amphetamine
  • Dextroamphetamine
  • Methylphenidate
51
Q

What is the brand name of dextroamphetamine?

A
  • Dexedrine
52
Q

What is the brand name of methylphenidate?

A
  • Ritalin
53
Q

What drug is an irreversible blocker of alpha 1 and 2 receptors, with an affinity towards alpha-1?

A
  • Phenoxybenzamine

Pharmacology (9 decks)

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