Speciation Flashcards
How do you calculate % gain?
Difference
—————- x 100
Original
What is a mutation?
A mutation is a random change to the genetic material of an organism.
What are spontaneous?
Mutations are spontaneous and are the only source of new genes/alleles.
What are two types of adaptations?
Structural or behavioral.
What is a mutant?
Any organism that has developed a mutation which has an effect on the characteristics of the organism is called a mutant.
What is natural selection?
Survival of the fittest. Characters with characteristics best suited to their environment are most likely to survive and reproduce. These favorable genes are passed on to the next generation.
Whats an adaptation?
Adaptations are inherited features or characteristics that allow an organism to survive as its better suited to its particular environment/niche.
What does adaptation lead to?
Adaptation leads to variation which makes it possible for a population/species to evolve to suit their environment.
What do new versions of genes allow?
The new versions of genes created by mutation allows plants and animals to better adapt to their environment.
What is speciation?
Speciation is the formation of a new species by the process of natural selection after a population becomes ISOLATED.
What happens before the process of speciation begins?
Before speciation begins, one species will find habitat in one particular area.
What are the four stages of speciation?
ISOLATION, MUTATION, NATURAL SELECTION, NEW SPECIES.
What happens in ISOLATION?
An isolating barrier form. This will prevent the exchange of genetic material.
What are three barriers in speciation.
Ecological (temperature, soil pH, Humidity)
Geographical (Rivers, Oceans, Mountains)
Reproductive (Unattractive mating displays, mating at different times in the year)
Where do mutations occur?
Mutations occur in each sub-population.
