Specialised Cells: Flashcards
What are the three adaptations of the Egg Cell?
The zona pellucida, the outer protective layer of the egg, the cytoplasm contains a lot of nutrients for growth. The corona radiata, supplies the proteins needed by the fertilised egg.
What are the three adaptations of the Sperm Cell?
the undulipodium (tail) helps the movement, the middle piece contains many mitochondria to carry out respiration to provide energy. The head (acrosome) contains a lot of enzymes to break down the outer layer of the egg.
What are the adaptations of the red blood cell?
It has a biconcave shape, which increases the surface area, makes it flexible. It doesn’t have a nucleus which increases the space so it can hold more 02.
What are the adaptations of the white blood cell?
it has lots of lysosomes, which contain enzymes used to break down the pathogens. It has a multilobed nucleus.
What is the function of the Egg cell?
The female gamete, largest cell in the human body (0.12mm)
What is the function of:
The sperm cell
The male gamete, responsible for delivering the genetic material.
What is the function of:
The red blood cell?
It contains a lot of protein called haemoglobin to allow 02 to bind to it.
What is the function of:
The white blood cell?
Helps fight off pathogens
Smallest to the largest
organelles, cells, tissue, organ, organ system and organism.
What is the structure of a palisade mesophyll cell?
Rectangular, closely packed together. Have many chloroplasts that can freely move around the cytoplasm.
What is the function of a palisade mesophyll cell?
The cellulose wall and vacuole keep the cell turgid.
What is the structure of a root hair cell?
Found in the roots it has long extensions (root hairs) to increase the surface area. Large vacuole containing sap. Lots of mitochondria but no chloroplasts.
What’s is the function of a root hair cell?
The large vacuole means it has low water potential.
