Specialised cells Flashcards
Define “cell differentiation”
A cell becoming specialised to perform a particular function
Define “cell division”
The splitting of a cell into two genetically identical daughter cells
Name 3 specialised cells found in the animals and 3 in plants
Animals: Muscle cell, nerve cell, sperm cell
Plants: Root hair cell, phloem, xylem
State the function of a muscle cell
Produce movement
State one adaptation of a muscle cell
Lots of mitochondria for releasing energy
State the function of a sperm cell
Fertilise the female egg
State three adaptations of a sperm cell
*Tail for movement
*Lots of mitochondria to release energy
*Enzymes in its head to penetrate egg
State the function of a nerve cell
Carry information from one part of the body to another
State two adaptations of a nerve cell
*Dendrites to connect to other neurones
*Long axon to cover large distances
State the function of a root hair cell
Absorb water and minerals from the soil
State two adaptations of a root hair cell
*Large surface area
*Thin cell wall
State the function of a xylem cell
Carry water from roots to leaves
State two adaptations of a xylem cell
*Lignin to strengthen cells
*End walls broken down to form hollow tubes
State the function of a phloem cell
Transport glucose within a plant
State two adaptations of a phloem cell
*less sub-cellular structures
*end walls have sieve plates to allow glucose through
