Special Tests - Musculoskeletal Flashcards

1
Q

how is the type of test determined

A

nature of the chief complaint

sxs

previous physical examination results

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2
Q

tests may be

A

specific to areas of involvement

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3
Q

allen test

A

pt opens and closes fist several time

on the fifth time they hold it close while the PT occludes the radial and ulnar arteries w/ pressure

hand is then opened

one artery is released

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4
Q

tinnel sign

A

vigorous tapping of the ulnar nerve b/w the olecranon and medial epicondyle

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5
Q

what is tinnel sign looking for

A

neuroma or neuritis

will send a sensation of “pins and needles” down the forearm

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6
Q

phalens test

A

attempts to reproduce sxs of carpal tunnel

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7
Q

how do we do the phalens test

A

pt places the dorsal aspects of both hands against each other

push wrists into maximum flexion

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8
Q

lateral epicondylitis test could be performed

A

passively and actively

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9
Q

active lateral epicondylitis test

A

pt makes a fists and then extends the wrist

while stabilizing the forearm, PT attempts to force the wrist into flexion

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10
Q

if pathology is present –> lateral epicondylitis test

A

pain will be felt over the lateral epicondyle and the wrist extensors

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11
Q

supraspinatus or drop arm test indicates

A

tear in the rotator cuff muscle

specifically the supraspinatus

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12
Q

drop arm test procedure

A

pt arm is passively ABD to 90

then ask the pt to slowly lowe rit down to their side

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13
Q

if pathology is present –> drop arm test

A

pt will be unable to hold the arm up or lower it slowly to their side

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14
Q

if pt is able to hold arm up –> drop arm test

A

gentle tap at 90 will cause arm to fall to side if pathology is present

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15
Q

dural sign

A

pt is in the supine position and passively flexes their neck

LE can also be flexed to increase the dural stretch

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16
Q

positive sign –> dural sign

A

pt experiencing radiating pain across the back

normally the radiation will be down the middle of the back along the vertebral column

17
Q

ober test

A

tests for ITB contracture or tightness

18
Q

ober test procedure

A

pt positioned in side lying with affected side up

knee is flexed while the therapist extends and ABD the involved hip with 1 hand

19
Q

stabilization –> ober test

A

pelvis is stabilized with the other hand as the limb is allowed to lower

20
Q

if there is tightness –> ober test

A

limb will not lower to meet the other leg

the ITB will be tighter w/ knee in flexion

21
Q

thomas test

A

test for tightness of the hip flexors, rectus femoris and ITB

22
Q

position of pt –> thomas test

A

pt at the very end of the table

have them lay spine and draw both LE up tightly to their chest

maximum knee and hip flexion

pt is required to hold position w/ both hands

23
Q

thomas test procedure

A

act pt to lower one leg towards the table while the other leg remains in maximum hip and knee flexion

24
Q

thigh rises up and stays off the table –> thomas test

A

hip flexors are tight

regardless of knee being flexed or extended

25
if thigh drops down to the table when the knee is extended --> thomas test
rectus femoris is tight
26
LE ABD when leg is flexed--> thomas test
ITB is tight
27
90/90 test --> pt position
supine asked to grasp one leg behind the thigh to position the hip in 90 flexion
28
90/90 test procedure
pt is required to extend their knee as far as possible
29
thompson test
squeeze the calf while pt is in prone and feet hanging off the table if normal the foot will PF
30
SLR test pt position
supine
31
SLR test procedure
therapist passively flexes the pt's hip w/ knee extended
32
if pathology is present --> SLR test
pt will complain of radiating pain into the LE
33
extremity girth measurements
measured to asses for muscle atrophy, hypertrophy or swelling
34
how should the circumference of a limb be measured
regular intervals along the long axis of the body part
35
extremity girl measurement techniques
bony prominence is used as a reproducible landmark for reassessment of the pt's status