Special Tests Flashcards
Traumatic Arthritis
Composite examination/ Clusters of findings for OA
Hemarthrosis
Ballottement test,
Patient report of noticing swelling,
Clusters of findings for effusion
Monoarticular Steroid- Sensitive Arthritis
Composite examination/ Clusters of findings for OA
Crystal Synovitis
N/A–aspiration/lab testing needed
Septic Arthritis
Composite examination/ Clusters of findings for OA
Rheumatoid Arthritis
N/A
Early Arthrosis
Composite examination/ Clusters of findings for OA
Discoid Meniscus
McMurray test (not typically positive in young children); necessary to “twist the pt’s knee in flexion and extension”; popping or clunking sensation or staggered sense; possible limitation of motion during knee flexion/extension
Bucket-Handle Mensical Lesions
McMurray’s test,
Apley’s test,
Steinman’s test,
Ege’s test
Posterior Lesion
N/A
Loose Bodies in Adolescents
Composite examination/ Clusters of findings for Loose bodies
Loose Bodies Complicating Arthrosis
Composite examination/ Clusters of findings for Loose bodies
Medial Coronary Ligament
N/A
Medial Colateral Ligament (MCL) Injury
Valgus Stress test
Intra-articular Adhesions
N/A
Advanced Arthrosis
Composite examination/ Clusters of findings for OA
Subsynovial Hematoma
N/A
Medial Colateral Bursitis
N/A
Medial Meniscus Injury
McMurry test
Apley’s test
Ege’s test,
Thessaly test
Patellar Bursitis
N/A
Popliteal (Baker’s) Cyst
N/A
Adherent Vastus Intermedius
N/A
Chronic Non-adherent Ligamentous Lesion (Plica Mediopatellaris)
MPP test
Loose Body
Composite examination/ Clusters of findings for Loose bodies
Plica Synovialis Syndrome
MPP test
Medial plica shelf test
Posterior Capsular Strain
N/A
Iliotibial Tract Bursitis
N/A
Patellar Bursitis
N/A
Patellofemoral Pain Disorders
Patellar Apprehension test (Fairbank’s test),
Pain during functional activity,
Resisted knee extension
Patellofemoral Arthrosis
N/A
Sprain of Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)-
Anterior Insertion
Lachman’s test,
Anterior drawer test,
Pivot-shift test,
Anterior drawer test in external rotation,
Anterior drawer test in internal rotation,
Active Lachman’s test
Fibular head sign
Sprain of Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)-
Anterior Insertion
Posterior drawer test, Posterior sag sign (Godfrey's test), Quadriceps active test, Reverse pivot shift test, Reverse Lachman's test (Trillat's test), Varus/Valgus instability at 0 degrees, External rotation recurvatum test, Anterior abrasion sign, Fixed posterior subluxation, Proximal tibial percussion test, Posterior functional drawer test, Modified Posterolateral drawer test (Loomer's test)
Suprapatellar Tendinitis
N/A
Infrapatellar Tendinitis
N/A
Infrapatellar Tenosynovitis
N/A
Quadriceps Expansion Tendinitis
N/A
Lesions at Tibial Tuberosity (Osgood-Sclatter’s or Avulsions of the Tendon)
Lachman’s test to rule-out capsular involvement
Medial Quadriceps Expansion Tendinitis
N/A
Pes Anserinus Tendinitis
N/A
Lateral Coronary Ligament
N/A
Lateral Colateral Ligament (LCL) Injury
Varus stress test
Lateral Meniscus Tear
McMurry test
Lateral Meniscus Cyst
N/A
Quadriceps Lesion
N/A
Strained Iliotibial Band
Noble compression test,
Ober’s test
Rupture of Quadriceps
N/A
Patellar Fracture
Ottawa knee rules→ Age >55 years,
Isolated patellar tenderness without other bone tenderness, Tenderness of the fibular head, Inability to flex the knee to 90°,
Inability to bear weight immediately after injury and in the emergency department (4 steps) regardless of limping
Rupture of Patellar Tendon
Unable to perform knee extension
L3 Nerve Root Lesion
Dermatomal radiation; more pain with coughing, sneezing, or straining; Positive SLR or finger-floor distance,
Ongoing denervation on EMG
Femoral Nerve Lesion
Patellar tendon reflex
Hamstrings Lesion
N/A
Biceps Femoris Tendinitis
N/A
Lesion of Upper Tibiofibular Joint
N/A
Lesion of Pes Anserinus
No specific name but isolation techniques: 90˚ hip flexion with passive leg extension
Resisted IR + resisted flexion of knee (sports related)
Strained Popliteus Muscle
N/A
Gastrocnemius Lesions
N/A
S1 Nerve Root Lesion
Achilles reflex,
EMG
S2 Nerve Root Lesion
EMG,
Myotome (toe abduction)
Rotary Instability
Dial test
Reverse pivot shift test, Posterior drawer test, Varus test
Apophysitis
N/A
Recurrent Dislocation
N/A
