Special Tests

Question 1

Traumatic Arthritis

Answer 1

Composite examination/ Clusters of findings for OA

Question 2

Hemarthrosis

Answer 2

Ballottement test,
Patient report of noticing swelling,
Clusters of findings for effusion

Question 3

Monoarticular Steroid- Sensitive Arthritis

Answer 3

Composite examination/ Clusters of findings for OA

Question 4

Crystal Synovitis

Answer 4

N/A–aspiration/lab testing needed

Question 5

Septic Arthritis

Answer 5

Composite examination/ Clusters of findings for OA

Question 6

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Answer 6

N/A

Question 7

Early Arthrosis

Answer 7

Composite examination/ Clusters of findings for OA

Question 8

Discoid Meniscus

Answer 8

McMurray test (not typically positive in young children); necessary to “twist the pt’s knee in flexion and extension”; popping or clunking sensation or staggered sense; possible limitation of motion during knee flexion/extension

Question 9

Bucket-Handle Mensical Lesions

Answer 9

McMurray’s test,
Apley’s test,
Steinman’s test,
Ege’s test

Question 10

Posterior Lesion

Answer 10

N/A

Question 11

Loose Bodies in Adolescents

Answer 11

Composite examination/ Clusters of findings for Loose bodies

Question 12

Loose Bodies Complicating Arthrosis

Answer 12

Composite examination/ Clusters of findings for Loose bodies

Question 13

Medial Coronary Ligament

Answer 13

N/A

Question 14

Medial Colateral Ligament (MCL) Injury

Answer 14

Valgus Stress test

Question 15

Intra-articular Adhesions

Answer 15

N/A

Question 16

Advanced Arthrosis

Answer 16

Composite examination/ Clusters of findings for OA

Question 17

Subsynovial Hematoma

Answer 17

N/A

Question 18

Medial Colateral Bursitis

Answer 18

N/A

Question 19

Medial Meniscus Injury

Answer 19

McMurry test
Apley’s test
Ege’s test,
Thessaly test

Question 20

Patellar Bursitis

Answer 20

N/A

Question 21

Popliteal (Baker’s) Cyst

Answer 21

N/A

Question 22

Adherent Vastus Intermedius

Answer 22

N/A

Question 23

Chronic Non-adherent Ligamentous Lesion (Plica Mediopatellaris)

Answer 23

MPP test

Question 24

Loose Body

Answer 24

Composite examination/ Clusters of findings for Loose bodies

Question 25

Plica Synovialis Syndrome

Answer 25

MPP test | Medial plica shelf test

Question 26

Posterior Capsular Strain

Answer 26

N/A

Question 27

Iliotibial Tract Bursitis

Answer 27

N/A

Question 28

Patellar Bursitis

Answer 28

N/A

Question 29

Patellofemoral Pain Disorders

Answer 29

Patellar Apprehension test (Fairbank's test), Pain during functional activity, Resisted knee extension

Question 30

Patellofemoral Arthrosis

Answer 30

N/A

Question 31

Sprain of Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)- | Anterior Insertion

Answer 31

Lachman's test, Anterior drawer test, Pivot-shift test, Anterior drawer test in external rotation, Anterior drawer test in internal rotation, Active Lachman's test Fibular head sign

Question 32

Sprain of Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)- | Anterior Insertion

Answer 32

``` Posterior drawer test, Posterior sag sign (Godfrey's test), Quadriceps active test, Reverse pivot shift test, Reverse Lachman's test (Trillat's test), Varus/Valgus instability at 0 degrees, External rotation recurvatum test, Anterior abrasion sign, Fixed posterior subluxation, Proximal tibial percussion test, Posterior functional drawer test, Modified Posterolateral drawer test (Loomer's test) ```

Question 33

Suprapatellar Tendinitis

Answer 33

N/A

Question 34

Infrapatellar Tendinitis

Answer 34

N/A

Question 35

Infrapatellar Tenosynovitis

Answer 35

N/A

Question 36

Quadriceps Expansion Tendinitis

Answer 36

N/A

Question 37

Lesions at Tibial Tuberosity (Osgood-Sclatter's or Avulsions of the Tendon)

Answer 37

Lachman's test to rule-out capsular involvement

Question 38

Medial Quadriceps Expansion Tendinitis

Answer 38

N/A

Question 39

Pes Anserinus Tendinitis

Answer 39

N/A

Question 40

Lateral Coronary Ligament

Answer 40

N/A

Question 41

Lateral Colateral Ligament (LCL) Injury

Answer 41

Varus stress test

Question 42

Lateral Meniscus Tear

Answer 42

McMurry test

Question 43

Lateral Meniscus Cyst

Answer 43

N/A

Question 44

Quadriceps Lesion

Answer 44

N/A

Question 45

Strained Iliotibial Band

Answer 45

Noble compression test, | Ober's test

Question 46

Rupture of Quadriceps

Answer 46

N/A

Question 47

Patellar Fracture

Answer 47

Ottawa knee rules→ Age >55 years, Isolated patellar tenderness without other bone tenderness, Tenderness of the fibular head, Inability to flex the knee to 90°, Inability to bear weight immediately after injury and in the emergency department (4 steps) regardless of limping

Question 48

Rupture of Patellar Tendon

Answer 48

Unable to perform knee extension

Question 49

L3 Nerve Root Lesion

Answer 49

Dermatomal radiation; more pain with coughing, sneezing, or straining; Positive SLR or finger-floor distance, Ongoing denervation on EMG

Question 50

Femoral Nerve Lesion

Answer 50

Patellar tendon reflex

Question 51

Hamstrings Lesion

Answer 51

N/A

Question 52

Biceps Femoris Tendinitis

Answer 52

N/A

Question 53

Lesion of Upper Tibiofibular Joint

Answer 53

N/A

Question 54

Lesion of Pes Anserinus

Answer 54

No specific name but isolation techniques: 90˚ hip flexion with passive leg extension Resisted IR + resisted flexion of knee (sports related)

Question 55

Strained Popliteus Muscle

Answer 55

N/A

Question 56

Gastrocnemius Lesions

Answer 56

N/A

Question 57

S1 Nerve Root Lesion

Answer 57

Achilles reflex, | EMG

Question 58

S2 Nerve Root Lesion

Answer 58

EMG, | Myotome (toe abduction)

Question 59

Rotary Instability

Answer 59

Dial test | Reverse pivot shift test, Posterior drawer test, Varus test

Question 60

Apophysitis

Answer 60

N/A

Question 61

Recurrent Dislocation

Answer 61

N/A