Diagnosis Flashcards
Traumatic Arthritis
Capsular pattern,
Pain,
Swelling,
Decrease in activity tolerance
Hemarthrosis
Patient history,
Physical examination, Severe pain,
Rapid swelling (3-4 hrs), Associated with hemophilia and OA flap tear of meniscus
Monoarticular Steroid-Sensitive Arthritis
Capsular pattern,
Patient history
Septic Arthritis
Spread of infection into joint capsule,
Leukocyte count of synovial fluid
Discoid Meniscus
Congenital defect-more prone to injury, Meniscus half-moon or full circle shaped rather than crescent shaped
Medial Coronary Ligament Injury
History of rotation trauma,
Painful lateral rotation, Local tenderness
Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) Injury
History of trauma→ Acute cases: capsular pattern and local tenderness;
Chronic cases: limitation in a non-capsular pattern
Painful valgus and lateral rotation
Intra-articular Adhesions
Typically seen s/p surgery or after sprain, Knee stiffens progressively and painlessly in flexion but normal with extension, Pathology is palpable and clicking is present
Subsynovial Hematoma
History of local blow, Marked limitation of flexion,
Normal extension
Medial Collateral Bursitis
Middle-aged,
Nocturnal pain,
Non-capsular pattern, Painful valgus and external rotation, Hardish swelling
Medial Meniscus Injury
Locking/manipulative unlocking,
Symptoms of sprained coronary ligament
Patellar Bursitis
Pain with activity,
Swelling,
Tenderness,
Warmth in the anterior knee
Popliteal (Baker’s) Cyst
Can result from trauma, Must rule out DVT
Adherent Vastus Intermedius
Limited knee flexion, Normal extension, Follows femur fracture
Chronic Non-adherent Ligamentous Lesion
Plica Mediopatellaris
Vague medial pain, Sometimes twinges, Painful arc,
Local thickening and tenderness
Loose Body
Middle-aged individual,
Twinges-usually on walking downstairs,
Non-capsular pattern, Typical end-feel,
“Sprain without a sprain”
Plica Synovialis Syndrome
Aggravation of pain with loading activities (stairs)
Patellar Bursitis
Pain with activity,
Swelling,
Tenderness,
Warmth of anterior knee
Patellofemoral Pain Disorders
Dull pain,
Pain during sitting, Increased Q angle, Hypertrophied lateral bands,
Crepitus during squatting
Patellofemoral Arthrosis
Anterior pain while walking upstairs, Crepitus,
Sometimes pain during sitting
Sprain of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament–
Anterior Insertion
Trauma→
Acute stages: capsular pattern;
Chronic stage: Exclusively a positive anterior drawer test
Sprain of the Posterior Cruciate Ligament–
Anterior Insertion
Trauma→
Acute stages: capsular pattern;
Chronic stage: Exclusively a positive posterior drawer test
Suprapatellar Tendinitis
Painful resisted extension,
Tenderness at the upper border
Infrapatellar Tendinitis
Painful resisted extension,
Tenderness at the lower pole