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Histology Module 6 > Special Senses: Audition > Flashcards

Special Senses: Audition Flashcards

1
Q

Two senses housed by the ears

A

Hearing

Equilibrium

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2
Q

What do you call the receptors of the ears?

A

Mechanoreceptors

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3
Q

Three area divisions of the ear

A

Outer

Middle

Inner

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4
Q

Area of the ear involved in hearing only

A

External ear

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5
Q

What are the sturctures of the external ear?

A

Pinna (auricle)

External Auditory Canal

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6
Q

A narrow chamber in the temporal bone lined with hairy skin that ends at the tympanic membrane

A

External Auditory Canal

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7
Q

The external auditory canal ends where?

A

Tympanic membrane

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8
Q

What are the glands present in the External Auditory Canal?

A

Ceruminous (wax) glands

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9
Q

What area of the ear is an air-filled cavity within the temporal bone that is only involved in the sense of hearing?

A

Middle Ear/ Tympanic cavity

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10
Q

What membrane covers the opening from the auditory canal?

A

Tympanic Membrane

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11
Q

What connects the middle ear to the throat?

A

Auditory tube

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12
Q

What are the two tubes associated with the inner ear?

A

Opening from auditory canal

Auditory tube

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13
Q

Tube that allows for equalizing pressure during yawning or swallowing

A

Auditory tube

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14
Q

Middle ear: Lateral wall?

A

Tympanic membrane

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15
Q

The tympanic membrane serves as the ______________ of the middle ear

A. Lateral wall

B. Roof and floor

C. Posterior wall

D. Medial wall

A

A. Lateral Wall

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16
Q

Middle ear: Roof and floor?

A

Temporal bone

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17
Q

The temporal bone serves as the ____________ of the Middle ear

A. Lateral wall

B. Roof and floor

C. Posterior wall

D. Medial wall

A

B. Roof and floor

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18
Q

Middle ear: Posterior wall?

A

Temporal bone leading to mastoid antrum

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19
Q

The temporal bone leading to the mastoid antrum thru w/c air passes to mastoid air cells serves as the _____________ of the middle ear

A. Lateral wall

B. Roof and floor

C. Posterior wall

D. Medial wall

A

C. Posterior wall

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20
Q

Middle ear: Medial wall?

A

Thin layer of temporal bone with 2 openings

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21
Q

A thin layer of temporal bone with 2 openings serves as the ___________ of the middle ear

A. Lateral wall

B. Roof and floor

C. Posterior wall

D. Medial wall

A

D. Medial Wall

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22
Q

What are the two openings of the temporal bone that serves as the medial wall of the middle ear?

A

Oval window

Round window

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23
Q

What are the bones that span the tympanic cavity?

A

Malleus (Hammer)

Incus (Avil)

Stapes (Stirrup)

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24
Q

Also known as the hammer

A

Malleus

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25
Q

Another name for incus

A

Anvil

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26
Q

Stirrup is also known as

A

Stapes

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27
Q

Vibrations from the eardrum move the ________

A

Malleus

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28
Q

The three bones transfer sound to the ____________

A

Inner ear

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29
Q

Area of the ear: a maze of bony chambers within the temporal bone that includes sense organs for hearing and balance

A

Inner ear

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30
Q

What are the major divisions of the ear?

A

External

Middle

Internal

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31
Q

2 labyrinthine compartments of the inner ear

A

Bony (Osseus) labyrinth

Membranous labyrinth

32
Q

Also known as the PERILYMPH and is found in the petrous portion of the temporal bone

A

Bony (osseus) Labyrinth

33
Q

Also known as the ENDOLYMPH and is found within the bony labyrinth

A

Membranous labyrinth

34
Q

Components of the Bony labyrinth

A

Vestibule

Semicircular canals

Cochlea

35
Q

Central space of the bony labyrinth

A

Vestibule

36
Q

Extends from the vestibule posteriorly

A

Semicircular canal

37
Q

Extends from the vestibule anteriorly

A

Cochlea

38
Q

What are the components of the membranous labyrinthe?

A

Utricle and saccule

Semicircular DUCTS

Cochlear DUCTS

39
Q

connected by the utriculosaccular duct

A

Utricle and saccule

40
Q

Found within the semicircular canals

A

Membranous Semicircular ducts

41
Q

Found within the bony cochlea and is continuous with the saccule

A

Membranous Cochlear duct

42
Q

Houses a fluid-filled membranous labyrinth

A

Bony labyrinth

43
Q

Labyrinth that includes organs for senses of equilibrium and balance and cochlea for the sense of hearing

A

Membranous labyrinthe

44
Q
A
45
Q

What are the organs for sense of equilibrium and balance?

A

Saccule

Utricle

Semicircular ducts

46
Q

Awareness of the position and movement of the head

A

Equilibrium/ Vestibular sense

47
Q

What are the receptors for equilibrium?

A

Maculae

Cristae ampullaris

48
Q

Located in the epithelial walls of the utricle and saccule in the vestibular complex

A

Maculae

49
Q

Maculae contains __________ to detect the orientation of the stationary head and linear acceleration of the moving head

A

Hair cells

50
Q

___________________ is composed of hair cells, supporting cells, and endings of the vestibular branch of the CN VIII.

A

Macular wall

51
Q

The Macular wall is covered by a _____________ layer or membrane.

A

Gelatinous otolithic layer or membrane

52
Q

Receptors in the vestibule that reports on the position of the head

A

Maculae

53
Q

The Maculae sends information via what nerve?

A

Vestibular nerve

54
Q

_____________ are embedded in the otolithic membrane.

A

Hair cells

55
Q

_________ float in a gel around the hair cells

A

Otoliths

56
Q

Type of hair cell that are rounded and enclosed within a nerve calyx on the afferent fiber

A

Type I hair cells

57
Q

Type of hair cells that are columnar and is associated with typical bouton synaptic connections to their afferents

A

Type II hair cells

58
Q

Converts mechanical activity of the stereocilia to electric activity

A

Cation channels and Proteins

59
Q

Concerned with linear acceleration, gravity and tilt of the head

A

Macula utriculi (Membranous labyrinth)

60
Q

Concerned with angular/rotational movement

A

Semicircular canal (Crista ampularis)

61
Q

Wall of each ampulla is raised as a ridge called __________

A

Crista ampullaris

62
Q

Hair cells of crista epithelium with hair bundles project into a dome-shape proteoglycan called _________

A

Cupula

63
Q

The cupula is attached to opposite wall and is moved by _____________?

A

Endolymph

64
Q

Receptors in the semicircular canals

A

Crista ampullaris

65
Q

A gelatinous cap that covers the hair cells

A

Cupula

66
Q

Three compartments of the bony cochlea

A

upper - scala vestibuli

middle - scala media

lower - scala tympani

67
Q

Perilymphatic spaces

A

Upper - Scala vestibuli

Lower - Scala tympani

68
Q

Located within the cochlea that is a gel-like tectorial membrane capable of bending hair cells

A

Organ of Corti

69
Q

Attached to hair cells that transmits nerve impulses to auditory cortex on temporal lobe

A

Cochlear nerve

70
Q

Receptors of the Organ of Corti

A

Hair cells on the basilar membrane

71
Q

Action Potential for hearing starts in the _____________

A

Cochlear nerve

72
Q

Continued stimulation of the hair cells can lead to?

A

Adaptation

73
Q

Types of cells found in the Organ of Corti

A

Supporting Cells

Hair Cells

74
Q

Tall, slender cells extending from the basilar membrane to the free surface of the organ of Corti

A

Supporting cells

75
Q
A

Histology Module 6 (4 decks)

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