Special Senses Flashcards
1
Q
superior and inferior lids are also known as the ______
A
palpebrae
2
Q
______ is the intersect of the iris and the sclera
A
limbus
3
Q
the iris is a set of two intrinsic muscles: ______ and _____
A
radial and sphincter
4
Q
the ______ is actually empty
A
pupil
5
Q
light travels through the pupil to the ______
A
retina
6
Q
clear structure protecting the anterior chamber from foreign objects
A
cornea
7
Q
refracts light and focus it onto the retina
A
cornea
8
Q
tears drain into the _______
A
caruncle
9
Q
flow of tears 1
A
lacrimal gland
10
Q
flow of tears 2
A
lacrimal ducts
11
Q
flow of tears 3
A
lacrimal caruncle
12
Q
flow of tears 4
A
lacrimal canal
13
Q
flow of tears 5
A
lacrimal sac
14
Q
flow of tears 6
A
nasolacrimal duct
15
Q
flow of tears 7
A
nasal cavity
16
Q
the _______, ________, and _______ secrete lipid and protein rich secretions that moisten and protect the eye
A
ciliary glands, tarsal glands, and lacrimal glands
17
Q
inflammation of the stratified epithelial cells of the anterior mucous membrane
A
conjunctivitis
18
Q
moves eye inferior and lateral
A
superior oblique
19
Q
moves the eye superior and lateral
A
inferior oblique
20
Q
____ cavities in the eye
A
2
21
Q
anterior chamber contains ______
A
aqueous humor
22
Q
posterior chamber contains ______
A
vitreous humor
23
Q
tunics include
A
sclera, choroid, retina
24
Q
fibrous tunic
A
sclera
25
vascular tunic; provides nutrients to sclera and retina
choroid
26
neural tunic
retina
27
cow eyes have reflective layer called
tapetum lucidum
28
layer behind retina and allows light to "bounce" back through the retina to aid in night vision for animals
tapetum lucidum
29
support the lens and allows it to change shape for focusing light onto the retina
ciliary bodies and suspensory ligaments
30
______ is the location where the optic nerve exits the eye
optic disc
31
the physiological blind spot
optic disc
32
contains the highest density of cone cells in the retina and contains no rod cells
fovea centralis
33
see color
cones
34
see dim light; only black and white
rods
35
two types of photoreceptors in eye
cones and rods
36
external ear is composed primarily of ______
elastic cartilage
37
the lobule is composed primarily of _______
adipose
38
scapha is often referred to simply as _____
fossa
39
______ is often referred to simply as fossa
scapha
40
external acoustic meatus extends ____ inches into the skull
1.5
41
2 parts of external ear
pineal, external acoustic meatus
42
the external acoustic meatus is also known as the _______
ear canal
43
_______ vibrates with sound waves
tympanic membrane
44
________ is also known as the ear drum
tympanic membrane
45
vibrations transfer through _____ to cochlea in the inner ear
ossicles
46
vibrations transfer through ossicles to ______ in the inner ear
cochlea
47
most superficial ossicle
malleus
48
middle ossicle
incus
49
deep ossicle
stapes
50
three ossicles
malleus, incus, stapes
51
as vibrations reach the cochlea, the ________ detects sound
Organ of Corti
52
converts stimuli in ear to action potential which are sent to brain via __________
vestibulocochlear nerve
53
detects sound (waves) and converts the stimulus to action potential
Organ of Corti
54
_____ and ______ are responsible for maintaining balance and equilibrium
semicircular canals and vestibule
55
semicircular canals and vestibule are responsible for maintaining _____ and ______
balance and equilibrium
56
responsible for static equilibrium
vestibule
57
pebble like structures in vestibule
otoliths
58
responsible for dynamic equilibrium
semicircular canals
59
tongue is composed of several skeletal muscles that function as a _________
muscular hydrostat
60
two major functions of gustation
assist in formation of words during speech; manipulate food while chewing and swallowing
61
gustatory receptors are found ______
taste buds
62
taste buds are associated with ______
papillae
63
5 basic tastes
sweet, salty, sour, bitter, umami
64
papillae that has nothing to do with taste (speech production)
filliform papillae
65
papillae responsible for sweet
fungiform papillae
66
papillae responsible for sour
circumvalate papillae
67
papillae responsible for salty
foliate papillae
68
what two senses make use of chemoreceptors
gustation and olfaction
69
chemoreceptors detect ______
chemical stimulus
70
gustation step 1
gustatory hairs extend into taste pore
71
gustation step 2
dissolved chemicals bind to gustatory hairs
72
gustation step 3
triggers depolarization of gustatory receptor cell
73
gustation step 4
stimuli information transmitted to brain via facial (VII), glossopharyngeal (IX), and vagus (X) nerves
74
olfactory receptors are
bipolar neurons
75
receptor proteins on olfactory cilia that bind different classes of molecules
olfactory receptors
76
________ in nasal cavity detects chemical stimuli
olfactory receptors
77
olfactory receptors are unique because
they dont bind to a single unique ligand molecule; each receptor binds to a class of molecules that share similar atomic features
78
test for conductive and sensorineural deafness
Weber test
79
test for conduction deafness
Rinne test
80
test designed to reveal whether the semicircular canals of the inner ear are functioning properly
Bárány test
81
test that assesses equilibrium
Romberg test
82
refers to your ability to discern the shapes and details of the things you see
visual acuity
83
if a person must stand at 20 feet to read a sign that most people can read at 60 feet, this is an example of
visual acuity
84
detect if a person has astigmatism (deformed corneas)
astigmatism chart
85
a spinning disk with a particular pattern of black and white shade could cause people to see colors
Benham's disk
86
eye movement outward
lateral rectus
87
eye movement inward
medial rectus
88
eye movement upward
superior rectus
89
eye movement downward
inferior rectus
