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Biology 214 > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

basic unit

A

neuron

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2
Q

neuron is supported by __________

A

neuroglia (glial cells)

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3
Q

regulate what enters the CNS by surrounding localized capillaries

A

Astrocytes

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4
Q

phagocytic cells that destroy pathogens and debris in CNS

A

Microglia

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5
Q

provide insulating myelin sheath around axon in CNS

A

Oligodendrocytes

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6
Q

produce cerebral spinal fluid which circulates nutrients in CNS

A

Ependymal

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7
Q

provide insulating myelin sheath around axon in PNS

A

schwann cells

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8
Q

surround neuron body and regulate material exchange in PNS

A

satellite cells

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9
Q

cluster of nerve cells in PNS

A

ganglion

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10
Q

chemical messenger

A

neurotransmitter

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11
Q

neurotransmitters are stored in _____

A

synaptic vesicles

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12
Q

neurotransmitters are released into the _______

A

synaptic cleft

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13
Q

neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft in response to ________

A

action potential

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14
Q

______ on the post synaptic membrane receive neurotransmitters

A

receptors

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15
Q

encapsulates individual myelinated axons

A

endoneurium

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16
Q

surrounds individual fascicles

A

perineurium

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17
Q

surrounds the entire nerve

A

epineurium

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18
Q

conscious thought and higher learning

A

cerebrum

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19
Q

folds in the cerebrum

A

gyri (gyrus)

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20
Q

valleys in the cerebrum

A

sulci (sucrus)

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21
Q

connects the two hemispheres of cerebrum

A

corpus callosum

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22
Q

many cell bodies

A

grey matter

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23
Q

many myelinated axons

A

white matter

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24
Q

monitor body position and coordinate movement

A

cerebellum

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25
"tree of life"
arbor vitae
26
interpreting sensory information
thalamus
27
emotions, instincts, and link to endocrine system
hypothalamus
28
thalamus and hypothalamus make up the ______
diencephalon
29
conduct basic house keeping and survival tasks of body
brain stem
30
subconscious processing visual and auditory reflexes
mesencephalon
31
relay station
pons
32
coordinate breathing and heart patterns, swallowing reflex
medulla
33
ventricles produce and circulate
cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)
34
most CSF is produced in the _______
choroid plexus
35
most CSF is produced in the choroid plexus by _______
ependymal cells
36
ependymal cells are found in the _______
ventricles
37
tangled mass of capillaries hanging from root of third and fourth ventricles
choroid plexus
38
contain periosteal and meningeal
dura mater
39
dura mater that lines bone
periosteal
40
dura mater that covers brain
meningeal
41
______ space houses CSF
subarachnoid space
42
inflammation of the meninges
meningitis
43
olfactory nerve type
sensory
44
olfactory nerve function
smell
45
optic nerve type
sensory
46
optic nerve function
sight
47
oculomotor nerve type
motor
48
oculomotor nerve function
eye movement and pupil reflex
49
trochlear nerve type
motor
50
trochlear nerve function
eye movement
51
trigeminal nerve type
both
52
trigeminal nerve function
face sensation and chewing
53
abducens nerve type
motor
54
abducens nerve function
eye movement
55
facial nerve type
both
56
facial nerve function
face movement and taste
57
vestibulocochlear nerve type
sensory
58
vestibulocochlear nerve function
hearing and balance
59
glossopharyngeal nerve type
both
60
glossopharyngeal nerve function
throat sensation, swallowing, and taste
61
vagus nerve type
both
62
vagus nerve function
taste, slows heart rate, senses blood pressure, stimulates digestive organs
63
spinal accessory nerve type
motor
64
spinal accessory nerve function
neck movement
65
hypoglossal nerve type
motor
66
hypoglossal nerve function
tongue movement
67
olfactory nerve
I
68
optic nerve
II
69
oculomotor
III
70
trochlear nerve
IV
71
trigeminal nerve
V
72
abducens nerve
VI
73
facial nerve
VII
74
vestibulocochlear nerve
VIII
75
glossopharyngeal nerve
IX
76
vagus nerve
X
77
spinal accessory nerve
XI
78
hypoglossal nerve
XII
79
cervical region has ___ nerves
8
80
thoracic region has ____ nerves
12
81
lumbar region has ____ nerves
5
82
sacral region has ____ nerves
1
83
there were ____ pairs of spinal nerves that come from the spinal cord
31
84
A "zone" in the body that each spinal nerve serves
dermatomes
85
superior portion of the back and posterior portion of the upper limb
cervical
86
body trunk and anterior aspect of upper limbs
thoracic
87
inferior part of the back and anterior aspect of lower limbs
lumbar
88
buttocks, perineum, and pubic regions, and posterior aspect of lower limbs
sacral
89
smell
olfactory
90
sight
optic
91
eye movement and pupil reflex
oculomotor
92
eye movement (IV)
trochlear
93
face sensation and chewing
trigeminal
94
eye movement (VI)
abducens
95
face movement and taste
facial
96
hearing and balance
vestibulocochlear
97
throat sensation, swallowing, taste
glossopharyngeal
98
taste, slows heart rate, senses blood pressure, stimulates digestive organs
vagus
99
neck movement
spinal accessory
100
tongue movement
hypoglossal

Biology 214 (3 decks)

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