Reflexes

Question 1

comparatively simple automatic response to a stimulus

Answer 1

reflex

Question 2

pathway a reflex takes in the body

Answer 2

reflex arc

Question 3

detects stimuli (reflex arc)

Answer 3

receptor (step 1)

Question 4

afferent neuron takes stimulus to CNS (reflex arc)

Answer 4

sensory relay (step 2)

Question 5

CNS processes information and produces a response (reflex arc)

Answer 5

integration (step 3)

Question 6

response produced by CNS is conveyed via efferent neurons (reflex arc)

Answer 6

motor command relay (step 4)

Question 7

response to stimulus (reflex arc)

Answer 7

effector (step 5)

Question 8

reflexes are faster but do not integrate

Answer 8

monosynaptic

Question 9

contain at least one interneuron and have complex integrations, but are slow

Answer 9

polysynaptic

Question 10

knee jerk reflex is an example of ______ reflex

Answer 10

monosynaptic

Question 11

_____ reflexes are voluntary

Answer 11

somatic

Question 12

reflex that involves skeletal muscles as the main effector and maintain posture and balance

Answer 12

somatic reflex

Question 13

______ reflexes are involuntary

Answer 13

autonomatic

Question 14

reflex that involves smooth muscles, glands, and visceral organs as the main effectors and protects from harm

Answer 14

autonomatic reflexes

Question 15

reflexes learned through experience

Answer 15

acquired reflexes

Question 16

sensation from sensory receptors restricted to special organs

Answer 16

special sensation

Question 17

sensations from simple receptors widely scattered in the body

Answer 17

general sensation

Question 18

temperature, pH, and pressure stimuli is an example of _____

Answer 18

general stimuli

Question 19

______ is defined as according to the source of the stimulus

Answer 19

classifications

Question 20

monitor external conditions

Answer 20

exteroceptors

Question 21

heat, cold, pain, touch, pressure are examples of _______ conditions

Answer 21

external

Question 22

free nerve endings in skin and photoreceptors are examples of ________

Answer 22

exteroceptors

Question 23

monitor internal conditions

Answer 23

interoceptors

Question 24

interoceptors that monitor blood pH and oxygen

Answer 24

chemoreceptors

Question 25

interoceptors that are responsible for the distention of visceral organs

Answer 25

visceral stretch receptors

Question 26

______ is an example of an organ containing visceral stretch receptors

Answer 26

bladder

Question 27

interoceptor that receives postural information

Answer 27

proprioceptors

Question 28

_______ interoceptors are found in tendons, muscles, and ligaments

Answer 28

proprioceptors

Question 29

dendrites terminate in epidermis/dermis of the skin and mucosal epithelium and detect pain (extreme temperature)

Answer 29

free (naked) nerve endings

Question 30

associated with free nerve endings and are located in the stratum germinitivum; detect light touch and sustained pressure

Answer 30

merkel cells

Question 31

meissners corpuscles and pacinian corpuscles are examples of

Answer 31

encapsulated receptors

Question 32

more superficial (encapsulated) and detect light touch

Answer 32

meissners corpuscle

Question 33

more deep, detects forceful pressure, vibrations

Answer 33

pacinian corpuscle

Question 34

detects light touch and responds faster

Answer 34

merkel cell

Question 35

detects skin stretch during limb movement

Answer 35

ruffini corpuscle

Question 36

detects deep pressure

Answer 36

pacinian corpuscle

Question 37

detects pain

Answer 37

nociceptor (free nerve ending)

Question 38

detects light touch

Answer 38

meissners corpuscle

Question 39

detects touch

Answer 39

hair root plexus

Question 40

detects cold stimulus

Answer 40

krause end bulb

Question 41

corpuscle means

Answer 41

encapsulated

Question 42

monitors body position and ensures muscles are not overstretched

Answer 42

muscle spindle

Question 43

______ are located within extrafusal skeletal muscle fibers

Answer 43

intrafusal fibers

Question 44

intrafusal fibers are innervated by _____________ wrapped around sensory region

Answer 44

sensory neuron dendrites

Question 45

sensory neuron dendrites wrap around the ______ region of intrafusal fibers

Answer 45

sensory region

Question 46

sensory neuron dendrites innervate the ______

Answer 46

intrafusal fibers

Question 47

_________ innervate contractile region of the extrafusal fibers

Answer 47

a-motor neurons

Question 48

______ innervate contractile region of intrafusal fibers

Answer 48

y-motor neurons

Question 49

muscle is contracted, spindle is ______

Answer 49

compressed

Question 50

when spindle is compressed, frequency ______

Answer 50

slows

Question 51

when spindle is compressed, ______ impulses sent to a-motor neurons

Answer 51

fewer

Question 52

when fewer impulses are sent to a-motor neurons, skeletal muscle ______

Answer 52

relaxes

Question 53

muscle is extended, spindle is _______

Answer 53

stretched

Question 54

when spindle is stretched, frequency ________

Answer 54

increases

Question 55

when spindle is stretched, _____ impulses sent to a-motor neurons

Answer 55

more

Question 56

when more impulses are sent to a-motor neurons, skeletal muscles _____

Answer 56

contract

Question 57

receptors convert stimulus to action potentials, meaning they are _______

Answer 57

transducers

Question 58

action potentials are distinguished as unique by their _______ in the brain

Answer 58

destination

Question 59

different regions in the brain interpret action potentials differently because of _______

Answer 59

different destinations in the brain

Question 60

the smaller and denser the receptor field, the _______

Answer 60

more sensitive

Question 61

desensitization to constant stimuli is called

Answer 61

adaptation

Question 62

ability for a person to detect two distinct points of contact on skin as separate stimuli

Answer 62

2 point discrimination test