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Systemics- Hemolymphatics and Special Senses > Special Senses > Flashcards

Special Senses Flashcards

1
Q

Who is affected by Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae

A

Young turkey poults

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2
Q

What syndrome does Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae cause?

A

Acute septicemia or GI, brain, eye disease

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3
Q

What ocular clinical signs are seen with Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae

A

Ocular opacity/blindness

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4
Q

What does Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae do in reptiles?

A

Osteotropic, so causes osteomyelitis

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5
Q

Key histo with Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae

A

Heterophilic ophthalmitis with gram - bacilli
Meningitis

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6
Q

Which cryptococcus species affects immunocompetent cats?

A

Cryptococcus gatii

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7
Q

How to stain crytococcus?

A

Mucicarcine stains capsule (only fungus that does this)

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8
Q

Key histo for cryptococcus

A

Soap bubble appearance, narrow-based budding yeast

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9
Q

Cryptococcus virulence factors

A

Mucopolysaccharide capsule
Phenoloxidase (forms melanin, which is antioxidant)
Serine protease
Urease

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10
Q

Blastomyces fungus type

A

Dimorphic

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11
Q

Most common intraocular mycosis in dogs

A

Blastomyces

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12
Q

Key histo with blastomyces in eye

A

Broad-based budding yeast, pyogranulomatous endophthalmitis

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13
Q

Most common disease cause by blastomycosis

A

Pulmonary infection

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14
Q

Virulence factors for blastomyces

A

BAD-1 - adhesion
Alpha-1,3-glucan
Melanin

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15
Q

Weird sequel on clin path with blastomyces

A

Hypercalcemia of granulomatous disease due to excess 1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol from macrophages

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16
Q

What breed gets ERU?

A

Appaloosas

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17
Q

What is seen with ERU, clinically?

A

Recurring, intensifying anterior uveitis and eventual blindness

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18
Q

What entity is implicated with ERU?

A

Leptospira interrogans serovar pomona

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19
Q

Pathogenesis for ERU

A

Hypersensitivity type III (Ag-Ab complexes)

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20
Q

Key histo with ERU

A

Lymphoid or neutrophilic nodules in iris and ciliary body
Amyloid-like material over nonpigmented inner ciliary epithelium
Linear eosinophilic inclusions in apical cytoplasm of non-pigmented ciliary epithelium

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21
Q

How do cats get otitis media, vs dogs?

A

In cats, usually ascending through auditory tube

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22
Q

Key histo with otitis media?

A

Pseudoglands
Cholesterol granulomas
Myringitis
Polypoid mucoperiosteal proliferation with goblet cell hyperplasia

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23
Q

What type of organism is prototheca?

A

Unicellular endosporulating algae

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24
Q

What does prototheca cause in cattle?

A

Mastitis

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25
What does prototheca cause in dogs?
GI/disseminated disease (Hemorrhagic necrotizing ulcerative enterocolitis)
26
What does prototheca cause in cats?
Skin disease
27
What dog breeds are predisposed to prototheca?
Boxer and collies
28
When do dogs get ocular lesions from prototheca?
With disseminated form
29
Key histo with prototheca
Sporangia with internal tripartite septations Endospores Lymphoplasmacytic to granulomatous panuveitis
30
Who gets congenital glaucoma? What gene is mutated?
NZW rabbits; Bu gene
31
Pathognomonic sign with glaucoma
Optic disc cupping
32
What dog breeds get inherited retinal dysplasia?
English springer spaniels Mini schnauzers Collies Labs (COL9A3) Samoyeds (COL9A2)
33
Key histo with retinal dysplasia
Rosettes, nuclear layer blending, disorganization Scarring/inflammation if secondary
34
What causes phacolytic uveitis?
Leakage of lens proteins through capsule
35
What causes phacoclastic uveitis?
Lens capsule rupture
36
What causes phacoclastic uveitis in rabbits?
E. cuniculi
37
What does phacoclastic uveitis lead to in cats?
Intraocular sarcoma
38
What dog breeds get uveodermatologic syndrome?
Arctic breed dogs (akitas)
39
Cause of uveodermatologic syndrome?
In akitas- DLA class II gene Autoimmune targeting of melanocytes
40
Key gross appearance of uveodermatologic syndrome?
Facial dermal depigmentation (vitiligo) Bilateral uveitis**
41
Key histo with uveodermatologic syndrome? (in eye and skin)
Granulomatous panuveitis Histiocytic lichenoid interface dermatitis Melanin dispersion***
42
Who gets corneal lipid dystrophy (two species)
Female anurans Rabbits (NZW, Watanabe, Dutch-belted)
43
Key histo with corneal lipid dystrophy
Cholesterol crystals, lipid-laden macrophages in anterior corneal stroma
44
Key histo with pannus
Subepithelial granulation tissue and vascularization
45
Key histo with nasopharyngeal polyp
Fibrovascular core with ciliated respiratory epithelium, pseudoglands, ulceration, squamous metaplasia
46
Primary scleral disease in dogs
Granulomatous nodular episcleritis
47
Who gets granulomatous nodular episcleritis
Collies and Shetland sheepdogs
48
Clinical presentation with GNE
Nodular lesions at the limbus
49
Key histo with GNE
Proliferative, non-encapsulated mix of histiocytes, spindle cells, plasma cells, lymphocytes
50
How to differentiate GNE from necrotizing scleritis
No collagenolysis or discrete granulomas in GNE
51
Breeds predisposed to collie eye anomaly
Sheepdogs, Aussies, Collies
52
Earliest lesion in collie eye anomaly
Defective RPE formation, so rosettes
53
Cause of collie eye anomaly
Autosomal recessive NHEJ1 gene
54
Four characteristic lesions with collie eye anomaly
Choroidal hypoplasia Coloboma Retinal detachment/dysplasia Intraocular hemorrhage
55
What is hypertensive retinopathy most often associated with?
Chronic renal failure
56
Key histo with hypertensive retinopathy?
Fibrinoid necrosis of retinal and choroidal vessels
57
Which breeds get corneal sequestra?
Persian and Himalayan cats
58
Key histo with corneal sequestrum
Necrosis (coagulative) of stromal keratinocytes with orange/brown discoloration
59
Who gets ocular dermoids?
Polled herefords
60
Most significant cytokine to the development of PIFMs
VEGF
61
What mice breeds get inherited retinal degeneration? Cause?
CH3 and FVB mice rd gene- encodes cGMP phosphodiesterase
62
What cats get retinal degeneration?
Abyssinian and Persian
63
How is retinal degeneration different from glaucoma?
Start with outer layers
64
Key histo with nutritional cataracts
Lens fiber liquefaction Morgagnian globules Bladder cells Posterior epithelial migration Fibrometaplasia of lens epithelium Mineralization Lens collapse
65
Where does squamous cell carcinoma arise from in cattle?
Bulbar conjunctiva
66
Where does SCC arise from in horses?
3rd eyelid
67
Where does SCC arise from in cats?
Eyelid
68
Most common intraocular tumor of dogs
Anterior uveal melanocytoma
69
Most common intraocular tumor of cats
Iris melanoma
70
Where does metastatic lymphoma occur in the eye? Associated with what viruses?
Anterior uvea; Marek's and BLV
71
Where does ciliary body adenocarcinoma come from?
Anterior uveal neuroectoderm (non-pigmented inner layer of pars plicata)
72
Staining profile of ciliary body adenocarcinoma
NSE, S100, vimentin positive, PAS positive basal lamina CK positive in adenocarcinomas, negative in adenomas
73
Which ceruminous gland tumor do cats get?
Adenocarcinoma
74
Post-traumatic ocular sarcomas are the second most common ocular neoplasm in ____________. But they were also just reported in _________ and _______________.
Cats. Rabbits and a calf
75
What causes FPOTS
Lens trauma
76
IHC for FPOTS
lens structural crystalline protein alpha A
77
Trematode metacercaria found in fish eye lens
Diplostomum spathaceum
78
Diplostomum spathaceum DH? 1st IH? 2nd IH?
DH- piscivorous birds 1st IH- gastropod 2nd IH- fish
79
Nonburrowing rabbit ear mite
Psoroptes cuniculi
80
Filarid nematode associated with nodular scleral masses
Onchocerca lupi
81
Intermediate host of onchocerca
Flies/midges
82
Viruses causing Malignant Catarrhal Fever
Alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 Ovine herpesvirus-2 Caprine herpesvirus-2
83
Key histo with MCF in the eye
Lymphoproliferative vasculitis
84
What causes sialodacryoadenitis virus?
Coronavirus
85
What is affected by sialodacryoadenitis virus?
Serous glands, NOT mucous glands, of rats
86
Key histo with sialodacryoadenitis virus
Necrotizing inflammation of serous glands, squamous metaplasia of ducts/acini
87
What kind of virus is chelonid herpesvirus-5?
Alphaherpesvirus
88
Who is affected by chelonid herpesvirus 5?
Green see turtles
89
Key histo with chelonid herpesvirus 5?
Cutaneous fibropapilloma with INIBs

Systemics- Hemolymphatics and Special Senses (5 decks)

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