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PRELIM - Physiology > Special Senses > Flashcards

Special Senses Flashcards

1
Q

Light from both near and distant objects is focused properly on the retina. This describes a/an___eye.

  • Myopic
  • Hyperopic
  • Emmetropic
A

Emmetropic

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2
Q

Light from a distant object comes to a focal point before reaching the retina and then diverges again. This describes a/an___eye.

  • Myopic
  • Hyperopic
  • Emmetropic
A

Myopic

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3
Q

For the perception of taste in the anterior two-thirds of the tongue,

  • the chorda tympani of the glossopharyngeal nerve is involved.
  • the stimulus is detected by papillae on the tongue.
  • the lingual branch of the facial nerve is involved.
  • A, B
  • B, C
A

the stimulus is detected by papillae on the tongue.

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4
Q

Taste:

  • Trigger reflexes to increase salivation
  • Is complete when smell is intact
  • In the posterior third of the tongue is served by the glossopharyngeal nerve, CN IX.
  • A, B
  • A, B, C
A

A, B, C

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5
Q

Anosmia:

  • No smell
  • No taste
  • Both of the choices
  • Neither of the choices
A

No smell

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6
Q

Ageusia:

  • No smell
  • No taste
  • Both of the choices
  • Neither of the choices
A

No taste

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7
Q

Touch and temperature sensation of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue is served by:

  • Glossopharyngeal nerve
  • Trigeminal nerve
  • Facial nerve
A

Glossopharyngeal nerve

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8
Q

Touch and temperature sensation of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue is served by:

  • Glossopharyngeal nerve
  • Trigeminal nerve
  • Facial nerve
A

Trigeminal nerve

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9
Q

The earwax (cerumen) is important for:

  • Hearing
  • Protection
  • Both of the choices
  • None of the choices
A

Protection

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10
Q

Muscles that contract with very loud sounds:

  • Tensor tympani
  • Stapedius
  • Ossicles
  • A, B
  • A, B, C
A

A, B

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11
Q

Sensory organ for hearing:

  • Organ of Corti
  • Maculae
  • Crista ampullaris
  • A, B
  • A, B, C
A

Organ of Corti

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12
Q

Respond to linear acceleration forces - straight line changes in speed and direction but not to rotation (static equilibrium):

  • Crista ampullaris
  • Maculae
  • Organ of Corti
  • A,B
  • A,B,C
A

Maculae

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13
Q

Respond to rotatory, angular forces (dynamic equilibrium):

  • Crista ampullaris
  • Maculae
  • Organ of Corti
  • A, B
  • A, B, C
A

Crista ampullaris

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14
Q

Movement of the basilar membrane where hair cells are attached induce the sensation/s of:

  • Hearing
  • Equilibrium
  • Both of the choices
  • Neither of the choices
A

Hearing

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15
Q

Movement of the otolith causing tilting of hair cells induce the sensation/s of:

  • Hearing
  • Equilibrium
  • Both of the choices
  • Neither of the choices
A

Equilibrium

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16
Q

Hair cells at which semicircular canal will respond when we tilt our head side to side?

  • Anterior
  • Lateral
  • Posterior
A

Posterior

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17
Q

Hair cells at which semicircular canal will respond when we move our head like saying “no?”:

  • Anterior
  • Lateral
  • Posterior
A

Lateral

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18
Q

Hair cells at which semicircular canal will respond when we move our head like saying “yes?”:

  • Anterior
  • Lateral
  • Posterior
A

Anterior

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19
Q

Damage/lesion at the optic chiasm will cause heteronymous bitemporal hemianopia which
means only the nasal fields (R and L) are seen.

  • True
  • False
A

True

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20
Q

Damage/lesion at the inner ear will cause impaired balance and impaired hearing/deafness.

  • True
  • False
A

True

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21
Q

With cataract, vision is impaired because light rays cannot pass through an opaque (white) lens. The lens should be transparent for light rays to pass and strike the retina.

  • True
  • False
A

True

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22
Q

The hair cells at the basilar membrane constitute the Organ of Corti which is responsible for vestibular function.

  • True
  • False
23
Q

In myopia, the focal point (focus) is anterior to the retina which is corrected by biconcave lens.

  • True
  • False
24
Q

The right optic tract carries the image represented at the temporal field of the left eye and nasal field of the right eye.

  • True
  • False
25
Q

Damage/lesion at the optic chiasm will cause heteronymous bitemporal hemianopsia which means
only the nasal fields (R and L) are seen.

  • True
  • False
26
Q

Presbyopia is characterized by blindness.

  • True
  • False
27
Q

The chorda tympani, transmits impulses from taste receptors in the anterior two-thirds of the tongue, whereas the lingual branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) services the posterior third and the pharynx just behind.

  • True
  • False
28
Q

The right optic nerve serves as the afferent limb for the pupillary light reflex on the same side.

  • True
  • False
29
Q

With parasympathetic stimulation, the ciliary muscle contracts making the lens convex.

  • True
  • False
30
Q

Sympathetic stimulation causes pupil dilatation.

  • True
  • False
31
Q

With parasympathetic stimulation, the sphincter of the iris contracts causing pupillary constriction.

  • True
  • False
32
Q

The left optic tract carries the complete representation of the right nasal and right temporal visual field.

  • True
  • False
33
Q

The chorda tympani, a branch of the facial nerve, transmits impulses from taste receptors in the anterior two-thirds of the tongue.

  • True
  • False
34
Q

Sound is heard as a result of vibrations that reach the tympanic membrane causing the ossicles to press on the inner ear fluid thereby moving the tiny hair cells stimulating nearby neurons.

  • True
  • False
35
Q

Cutting the Right optic nerve:

  • Causes blindness in the R eye
  • Causes blindness in the L eye
  • Causes L homonymous hemianopia
A

Causes blindness in the R eye

36
Q

Cutting which structure causes blindness in the temporal fields of the left and right eyes:

  • Optic nerve
  • Optic chiasm
  • Optic tract
  • Geniculocalcarine tract
A

Optic chiasm

37
Q

Correction of farsightedness:

  • Concave lens
  • Convex lens
  • Cylindrical lens
A

Convex lens

38
Q

May lead to blindness, EXCEPT:

  • Presbyopia
  • Cataract
  • Glaucoma
  • Diabetic retinopathy
A

Presbyopia

39
Q

Correction of nearsightedness:

  • Concave lens
  • Convex lens
  • Cylindrical lens
A

Concave lens

40
Q

Cutting the Left optic nerve:

  • Causes blindness in the R eye
  • Causes blindness in the L eye
  • Causes L homonymous hemianopia
  • Causes heteronymous bitemporal hemianopia
A

Causes blindness in the L eye

41
Q

Impaired vision in cataract is due to:

  • Defect in the rods and cones
  • Failure of optic nerve
  • Failure of lens to accommodate
  • The lenses becoming opaque and no longer clear and transparent
A

Defect in the rods and cones

42
Q

When compared with the rods of the retina, the cones:

  • Are more sensitive to low-intensity light
  • Are peripheral vision receptors
  • Are providing fuzzy images in dim light
  • Are primarily involved in color vision
A

Are primarily involved in color vision

43
Q

A lesion of the lingual branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve would most likely result in:

  • Impaired olfactory function
  • Impaired vestibular function
  • Impaired auditory function
  • Impaired taste function
  • Nerve deafness
A

Impaired taste function

44
Q

Most olfactory disorders resulting from head injuries that tear the olfactory nerves, after effects of nasal cavity inflammation will manifest as:

  • Ageusia
  • Anosmia
  • No taste
  • No sense of touch
45
Q

This is referred to as the gradual loss of hearing that occurs in most people when they age:

  • Presbycusis
  • Presbyopia
  • Emmetropia
  • Myopia
A

Presbycusis

46
Q

For the perception of taste in the anterior two-thirds of the tongue,

  • The chorda tympani of the glossopharyngeal nerve is involved.
  • The stimulus is detected by papillae on the tongue.
  • The lingual branch of the facial nerve is involved.
  • All of the choices are correct
A

The stimulus is detected by papillae on the tongue.

47
Q

Events for hearing:

  • Soundwaves enter the external acoustic meatus.
  • The tympanic membrane vibrates.
  • The ossicles press on the oval window to move the inner ear fluid.
  • All of the choices are correct.
A

All of the choices are correct.

48
Q

Excited by head movement (acceleration and deceleration), but major stimuli are rotatory (angular) movements:

  • Crista ampullaris
  • Maculae
  • Organ of Corti
  • All of the above
A

Crista ampullaris

49
Q

Cutting which structure on the right side causes total blindness in the right eye?

  • Optic nerve
  • Optic chiasm
  • Optic tract
  • Geniculocalcarine tract
A

Optic nerve

50
Q

Cutting which structure causes blindness in the temporal fields of the left and right eyes?

  • Optic nerve
  • Optic chiasm
  • Optic tract
  • Geniculocalcarine tract
A

Optic chiasm

51
Q

Activation of parasympathetic fibers to sphincter pupillae (circular) muscles of the iris causes it to:

  • Contract, decreasing pupil size
  • Contract, increasing pupil size
  • A and B
  • None of the choices are correct
A

Contract, decreasing pupil size

52
Q

Most olfactory disorders resulting from head injuries that tear the olfactory nerves, after effects of nasal cavity inflammation will manifest as:

  • Ageusia
  • Presbycusis
  • Impaired equilibrium
  • None of the choices
A

None of the choices

53
Q

For the perception of taste in the anterior two-thirds of the tongue,

  • The chorda tympani of the glossopharyngeal nerve is involved.
  • The stimulus is detected by the taste buds.
  • The lingual branch of the facial nerve is involved.
  • All of the choices are correct.
A

All of the choices are correct.

PRELIM - Physiology (4 decks)

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