special procedures Flashcards
placing a needle/catheter into thoracic cavity in order to remove air or fluid from the chest cavity for diagnostics or therapeutics
thoracocentesis
5 indications of thoracocentesis
pleural effusion, pneumothorax, hemothorax, infxn/pus, chylothorax.
how will you know if its fluid or air in thorax?
radiograph
thoracocentesis procedure is done with an
ultrasound
what if thoracocentesis is nonproductive?
redirect needle, or remove and start over
thoracocentesis - when to stop aspirating
aspirate until slight negative pressure
why to determine endpoint for ultrasound
to make sure theres no air or fluid remaining
complications of thoracocentesis
pneumothorax, lung lacerations or intercostal vessel lacerations
how to prevent lung lacerations
use over the needle catheter
post-thoracocentesis nursing care?
RR- auscultation of lungs, measure o2 saturation. watch breathing.
samples to be submitted to lab for thoracocentesis
TP, cell count, cytology, culture & sensitivity, biochemical analysis
when to do a thoracostomy tube placement
large amount of pleural effusion, pneumothorax is present.
how is animal placed during thoracostomy tube placement
sternal or lateral recumbency
measure tube for thoracocentesis
point of insertion to thoracic inlet.
What knot to anchor? What to seal?
Chinese finger knot to anchor. Purse string suture to seal
Chest tubes require what to ensure proper placement
Continuous monitoring
Purpose of chest tube
Reestablish negative pressure gradient by continuous suction or manual aspiration
Pericardiocentesis- indications
Pericardial effusion, cardiac tamponade.
This may be performed for therapeutic purposes, diagnostic purposes
Pericardiocentesis
Pericardial effusions c.s
Lethargy, dyspnea, anorexia, collapse, abdominal distension, cough, death
Diagnostic imaging for pericardial effusion
Echocardiogram
The most common causes of pericardial effusions
Neoplasia and pericarditis
What is done throughout entire pericardial effusion procedure
ECG monitoring
Aspiration of fluid from the abdominal cavity.
Abdominocentesis
