Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Voice > Special populations > Flashcards

Special populations Flashcards

0
Q

What are common treatments for laryngeal cancers?

A
  • radiation therapy
  • chemotherapy
  • surgery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What are some of the first symptoms of laryngeal cancer?

A

chronic hoarseness, dyspnea, stridor, dysphagia, pain, swelling, odynophagia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the different types of laryngectomies?

A
  • total laryngectomy
  • hemilaryngectomy
  • supraglottic laryngectomy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a total laryngectomy?

A

all of the laryngeal structures are removed

-the trachea is pulled up and sutured to the tracheostoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a hemi-laryngectomy?

A

half of the larynx is removed (right or left side)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When is a hemi-laryngectomy a viable option?

A

if the tumor is confined to one VF and the doctors are sure they will remove the whole tumor with just the removal of the one VF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the biggest risk of a hemi-laryngectomy?

A

dysphagia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a supraglottic laryngectomy?

A

when everything above the larynx is removed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do surgeons do to the larynx during a supraglottic laryngectomy?

A

pull it up so it is closer to the tongue (the tongue can then help protect the airway)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What two types of laryngectomy can preserve the voice?

A

hemi-laryngectomy and supraglottic laryngectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where does a person’s air come from if they have a total laryngectomy?

A

their tracheostoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the problem with air that comes through the stoma?

A

it isn’t warmed, moistened, or filtered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are separated during a total laryngectomy?

A

the eating and air pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is an electrolarynx?

A

a device that that looks like a microphone with a button on the end

  • the head of the device is put flush against the skin
  • the device vibrates the air in the cavities and the articulators shape the air
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are some advantages of an electrolarynx?

A

easily portable, fast way to start communicating, can possibly have pitch variations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are some disadvantages of the electrolarynx?

A
  • can’t use both hands when speaking
  • can sound very mechanical
  • may feel socially awkward
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What sound education for using the device include?

A
  • when to phrase
  • when to press the button
  • proper seal
  • over articulation of words
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is esophageal speech?

A

when the client learns to inject air just underneath the upper esophageal sphincter and then pushes it back out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does the tongue do during esophageal speech?

A

acts as a piston; pushes the air back to the pharynx and esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How much air can someone use while using esophageal speech?

A

about 100 CCs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How much air does a person use when they speak normally?

A

5 liters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the power source for esophageal speech?

A

injected air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the medium used during esophageal speech?

A

injected air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

that is the vibratory source for esophageal speech?

A

upper esophageal sphincter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the power source of speech while using the electrolarynx?

A

the battery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what is the medium for electrolarynx speech?

A

air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what is the vibratory source for electrolarynx speech?

A

the head of the device

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What are some advantages for esophageal speech?

A
  • hands free
  • no external device needed
  • sounds more natural than the buzzing of the electrolarynx
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What are some disadvantages of esophageal speech?

A
  • harder to learn
  • articulators must be in good shape
  • can cause stomach pain if not done properly
29
Q

What is a tracheoesophageal prothesis/puncture?

A

When a small slit is placed in between the trachea and the esophagus and a prosthesis is inserted into the slit

30
Q

What kind of valve is the prosthesis?

A

a one way valve

31
Q

What kind of punctures are there for TEP?

A

primary (done during laryngectomy)

secondary (done after the laryngectomy)

32
Q

Where does a TEP deliver air?

A

right under neath the upper esophageal sphincter

33
Q

What kind of prosthesis do most people get for a TEP?

A

an indwelling prosthesis

34
Q

How often does an indwelling prosthesis need to be replaced?

A

every 4-6 months

35
Q

What is the power source for TEP?

A

exhaled air

36
Q

What is the medium for TEP?

A

air

37
Q

What is the vibratory source for TEP?

A

the upper esophageal sphincter

38
Q

What is stoma blast?

A

when a rush of air comes out of the stoma if it is not properly occluded

39
Q

What do people use to occlude their stomas?

A

fingers, thumb, buttons and HMEs

40
Q

What do HMEs do?

A

warm and filter the air that comes into the stoma

41
Q

What is the most natural sounding method of alternative speech?

A

use of the TEP

42
Q

What should the SLP become familiar with preoperatively for a laryngectomy?

A
  • type/extent of lesion
  • physician prognosis
  • likely surgical procedures
43
Q

SLPs should make sure patients understand what before laryngectomy?

A
  • terminology about disease and procedure
  • communication will be restored
  • what things will not be affected
44
Q

What should SLPs help educate about postoperatively?

A
  • filtering of air that goes into the stoma
  • moistening of air and stoma
  • cleaning and maintenance (nystatin and vaseline)
  • breathing (all air comes through the stoma now)
  • oral care (nystatin to prevent thrush)
45
Q

What do professional voice users often need education about?

A

vocal hygiene and how to properly use the voice

46
Q

What do professional voice users often benefit from?

A

looping

47
Q

What are professional voice users prone to?

A

muscle tension dysphonias

48
Q

What profession is at the largest risk for voice problems out of all the professions?

A

Teachers

49
Q

What are some female vocal characteristics?

A
  • use more adjectives
  • more emotional words
  • more descriptive vocabulary
  • more breathy
  • more facial expressions
  • more intonation and pitch variability
50
Q

What are some male vocal qualities?

A
  • more direct statements
  • faster rate
  • speak louder
51
Q

What is paradoxical vocal fold movement?

A

When the true and/or false VF inexplicably close on inhalation, exhalation, or both

52
Q

What is VCD often confused with?

A

asthma

53
Q

What is VCD caused by? (etiologies)

A
  • psychogenic
  • reflux
  • sensitivity to smell
  • neurological
  • exercise
  • allergens
54
Q

How can we assess VCD?

A
  • try and induce an attack

- interview

55
Q

How can you induce a VCD attack?

A

have the person run on a tredmill or blow through a straw

56
Q

How can you treat VCD?

A
  • feedback
  • have client visualize open VFs
  • coach on self monitoring skills
  • yawn-sigh
  • inhale through the nose and exhale on the /s/ phoneme
57
Q

What is another name for aging voice?

A

presbyphonia

58
Q

What is presbyphonia?

A

clinical condistion of elderly patients presenting to the otolaryngologist with gradual weakening of the voice

59
Q

What are symptoms of presbyphonia?

A
  • chronic hoarseness
  • pain
  • tremor
  • decreased amplitude
  • voice breaks
60
Q

What caused presbyphonia?

A
  • VF atrophy
  • benign/malignant lesion
  • laryngitis
  • MTD
  • tremors
61
Q

What are the three treatments for aging voice?

A
  • laryngoplasty
  • thyroplasty
  • voice therapy
62
Q

What causes pediatric voice problems?

A

often times misuse/abuse

63
Q

What are some reminders you should give a child to help eliminate abuses?

A
  • have quiet times during the say
  • walk over to a friend to talk to them
  • drink a lot of water
  • find a voice buddy
64
Q

When can voice therapy begin for a child?

A

when they are old enough to understand the importance of using the voice properly

65
Q

What are some vocal characteristics of the deaf and hard of hearing?

A
  • difficulty with articulatory placement
  • prolonged vowel durations
  • reduced speaking rate
  • nasality
  • “cul-de-sac resonance”
66
Q

What is asthma?

A

the narrowing of airway tubes in the bronchi and bronchioles

67
Q

What are some treatments for asthma?

A

reducing the number of syllables the patient says in one breath

68
Q

What is emphysema?

A

a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

-damage to the alveoli in the lungs

69
Q

What does emphysema cause problems with?

A

breathing

-voice concerns are secondary

Voice (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions