Special Path Pancreas Flashcards
function of the pancreas
produces variety of enzymes which are important in digestion of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency is most common in what animal, and is usually associated with what?
Most common in the dog, usually associated with pancreatitis or pancreatic atrophy
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency results in?
Steatorrhea (presence of excess fat in feces), diarrhea, weight loss
Juvenile pancreatic atrophy
Atrophy of exocrine pancrease in dogs 6-12 months of age
In what breed of dogs is Juvenile Pancreatic Atrophy autosomal recessive?
German shepherd
Pancreatitis is most common in? Especially in ___ females?
Dog (occurs in cats as well), especially in obese females
Pancreatitis occurs as a consequence of?
Release of activated pancreatic enzymes (phospholipase A and elastase) into pancreas and adjacent tissues –> this causes digestion of tissue which results in release of inflammatory mediators
Pancreatitis often occurs after consumption of a meal high in ___.
Fat
Acute pancreatitis - lesions
Hemorrhage, vascular damage, necrosis of pancreas and surrounding adipose tissue, inflammation (neutrophils and fibrin); can produce systemic effect (DIC –> some animals can die)
DIC (disseminated intravascular coagulation)
Disseminated characterized by systemic activation of blood coagulation, which results in generation and deposition of fibrin, leading to microvascular thrombi in various organs and contributing to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)
Chronic pancreatitis
Fibrosis and atrophy, result of repeated bouts of acute pancreatitis
CASE: male dog brought in for acute onset of vomiting and anorexia (2 days), abdominal pain and abdominal effusion, necrotizing pancreatitis and fibrinous peritonitis
acute pancreatitis
CASE: cat comes with hemorrhage, necrosis of adipose tissue with a lot of infiltration - peritonitis, and pancreatitis
Acute pancreatitis
CASE: female cat comes in, weight loss, vomiting for several months; previously diagnosed with hyperthyroidism; exploratory and biopsy shows atrophy of pancreas with replacement with adipose tissue and lmpocytes (infiltration of lymphocytes around pacreas)
Feline lymphocytic pancreatitis
Is adenoma of exocrine pancreas common?
No, it is rare
Carcinoma of pancreas
Single or multiple nodules; often invade adjacent tissue and peritoneal cavity; metastasis to local lymph nodes is common