Special Path Pancreas

Question 1

function of the pancreas

Answer 1

produces variety of enzymes which are important in digestion of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates

Question 2

Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency is most common in what animal, and is usually associated with what?

Answer 2

Most common in the dog, usually associated with pancreatitis or pancreatic atrophy

Question 3

Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency results in?

Answer 3

Steatorrhea (presence of excess fat in feces), diarrhea, weight loss

Question 4

Juvenile pancreatic atrophy

Answer 4

Atrophy of exocrine pancrease in dogs 6-12 months of age

Question 5

In what breed of dogs is Juvenile Pancreatic Atrophy autosomal recessive?

Answer 5

German shepherd

Question 6

Pancreatitis is most common in? Especially in ___ females?

Answer 6

Dog (occurs in cats as well), especially in obese females

Question 7

Pancreatitis occurs as a consequence of?

Answer 7

Release of activated pancreatic enzymes (phospholipase A and elastase) into pancreas and adjacent tissues –> this causes digestion of tissue which results in release of inflammatory mediators

Question 8

Pancreatitis often occurs after consumption of a meal high in ___.

Answer 8

Fat

Question 9

Acute pancreatitis - lesions

Answer 9

Hemorrhage, vascular damage, necrosis of pancreas and surrounding adipose tissue, inflammation (neutrophils and fibrin); can produce systemic effect (DIC –> some animals can die)

Question 10

DIC (disseminated intravascular coagulation)

Answer 10

Disseminated characterized by systemic activation of blood coagulation, which results in generation and deposition of fibrin, leading to microvascular thrombi in various organs and contributing to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)

Question 11

Chronic pancreatitis

Answer 11

Fibrosis and atrophy, result of repeated bouts of acute pancreatitis

Question 12

CASE: male dog brought in for acute onset of vomiting and anorexia (2 days), abdominal pain and abdominal effusion, necrotizing pancreatitis and fibrinous peritonitis

Answer 12

acute pancreatitis

Question 13

CASE: cat comes with hemorrhage, necrosis of adipose tissue with a lot of infiltration - peritonitis, and pancreatitis

Answer 13

Acute pancreatitis

Question 14

CASE: female cat comes in, weight loss, vomiting for several months; previously diagnosed with hyperthyroidism; exploratory and biopsy shows atrophy of pancreas with replacement with adipose tissue and lmpocytes (infiltration of lymphocytes around pacreas)

Answer 14

Feline lymphocytic pancreatitis

Question 15

Is adenoma of exocrine pancreas common?

Answer 15

No, it is rare

Question 16

Carcinoma of pancreas

Answer 16

Single or multiple nodules; often invade adjacent tissue and peritoneal cavity; metastasis to local lymph nodes is common