Special Needs Pt. Flashcards
How does CODA define a special needs patient?
Pt’s who’s medical, physical, psychiatric or social situations make it necessary to modify dental treatment in order to provide treatment
What is the definition of disability?
Umbrella term for impairment, activity, limitations and participation restrictions
What are the different types of disability?
Developmental- autism
Sensory- blind/deaf
Orthopedic- spinal cord
Medical- AIDS/cancer/diabetes
Cognitive- Dementia
Degenerative- ALS/Parkinson’s
Communication- Aphasia
What is the most common developmental disability?
Autism
When was disability finally defined by the Americans with Disability Act? How was it defined?
1990
A person who has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities, a person who has a history or record of such an impairment, or a person who is perceived by others as having such an impairment
What are the requirements for government classification of disability?
-Physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of life’s activities
-Has a record of such impairments
-Is regarded as having such an impairment
How are disability classifications broken down further?
Are they developmental? (born with)
Acquired? (after age 21 or result of trauma, disease etc)
Age related? (after age 65, chronic diseases, alzheimers, CV etc.)
What does functional level refer to?
The skills the pt has and how much care the person needs
Should be assessed before any HC instructions are given
What are ADL’s?
Activities of daily living: bathing, dressing oneself, driving, using a telephone etc.
What does it mean if someone is at a high level (level 1) of function?
Patient can brush and floss their own teeth
May only need encouragement, motivation and supervision
What does it mean if someone is at a moderate level (level 2,3) of function?
-Pt needs partial care
-Can carry out part of their OH
-Requires considerable training, assistance and direct supervision
-Assistance may be verbal or require hand over hand
What does it mean if someone is at a low level (level 4) of function?
Pt requires total care provided by a parent or caregiver
What factors may give DHCPs a more negative attitude toward treating pts w/ disabilities?
Lack of adequate training
Inadequate compensation for treatment
Paperwork associated (medicaid)
Extra time/office disruption
No-shows
Need for special equipment
Overall goals of treatment
Team approach
Guide pt through the appt (behavior mgmt, establish trust)
Prevent tooth loss
Prevent need for extensive treatment
Motivation
Most can be treated in-office
Considerations during pre-treatment planning
Disability profile
May need physician consult
Who will legally provide consent?
Transportation issues
