Special Diets Flashcards
What is a special diet?
It is where a person chooses not to eat certain foods because of a particular reason. The reasons could include:
- ethical beliefs
- religious beliefs
- medical reasons
- personal preferences
There are THREE types of vegetarians. Name and explain all three.
- Vegans - do not eat any animal or animal products e.g. meat, milk, cheese, honey etc.
- Lacto-vegetarians - they do not eat the flesh of any animal but will eat animal products e.g. milk, cheese, eggs
- Demi/Semi-vegetarians - they choose to eat a mainly vegetarian diet but they don’t eat red meat but will sometimes eat white meat or fish etc.
What are the dietary requirements of a Muslim?
- No pork.
- Meat must be halal (slaughtered according to their customs).
- No shellfish.
- No alcohol.
What are the dietary requirements of Hindus?
- No beef
- Many are vegan but some will eat lamb, poultry and or fish.
What are the dietary requirements of Sikhs?
- They eat all types of meat and fish. Some will choose not to eat these things though.
What are the dietary requirements of Jews?
- No pork, ham or bacon.
- No shellfish.
- No eels.
- Cannot eat meat and milk together (or cooked together) e.g. lasagne.
- Meat must be Kosher.
- Milk products are generally only eaten at breakfast.
What are the dietary requirements of Rastafarians?
- No processed foods
- No pork
- No eels
- No alcohol
- No tea or coffee.
Identify THREE medical diets.
- diabetes
- nut allergy
- gluten intolerance
- lactose intolerance
What is a diabetic and how should their diet be adapted?
- They struggle to control their blood sugar levels.
- They need to eat starch foods at regular intervals.
- They should avoid sugary dishes.
Identify FOUR foods that people on a low fat diet should avoid.
- cheese
- bacon
- butter
- ice cream
- cakes
- chips
Identify FOUR foods that people on a low salt diet should avoid.
- bacon
- smoked meats
- cheese
- Chinese foods
- processed foods
Identify some advice you would give someone who has just been diagnosed with a nut allergy to help them to control their diet.
- Read food labels carefully - even if the food doesn’t contain nuts it may have been prepared in a factory that uses nuts for other products. If it says “may contain traces of nuts” this means that there is a chance that the food may be contaminated from these other products prepared in the same factory.
What should people with a lactose intolerance avoid?
Anything with dairy products e.g:
- cheese
- milk
- yogurts
- cream
- butter
What is a gluten intolerance also known as?
Coeliac’s disease.
What should people with a gluten intolerance avoid?
Anything with gluten in it. This is found in wheat, wholemeal, whole wheat, flour, bran etc and products made with these grains e.g.
- pasta
- bread
- cakes
- pizza
- noodles etc
However many manufacturers and restaurants will not do ‘gluten free’ versions where the gluten is extracted from the flour. Most coeliac’s will cook the food themselves to ensure that they do not consume gluten.
