Special Areas

Question 1

Borders of femoral triangle

Answer 1

Superior - inguinal ligament, ASIL -> pubic tubercle

Lateral- medial border sartorius

Medial- medial border adductor longus

Floor- adductor longus

Roof- fascia lata

Base- pectineus, iliopsoas, adductor longus

Question 2

Femoral triangle contents lateral-> medial

Answer 2

Lateral-> medial

Femoral nerve,
contained in femoral sheath: femoral artery, femoral vein (great saphenous vein), femoral canal (deep lymph nodes and vessels)

NAVEL

E= empty space allows veins and lymph nodes to distend

Mid-inguinal point = artery

Question 3

Adductor canal borders and contents

Answer 3

Alex femoral trainable -> adductor hiatus

Anterior- sartorius
Lateral- vastest medialis
Posterior- adductor longus and Magnus

Contents: superficial femoral artery, femoral vein, nerve to vastus medialis, saphenous nerve

As Femoral artery and vein pass through into popliteal fossa -> popliteal artery and vein

Question 4

Structures being medial malleolus

Answer 4

‘Tom, Dick and very nervous harry’

Tibialis posterior
flexor Digitorum longus tendon 
posterior tibial Artery 
posterior tibial Vein 
tibial Nerve 
flexor Hallucis longus

Question 5

Pulses lower limb 4

Answer 5

Femoral- femoral triangle between ASIS and pubic symphysis

Popliteal artery- deep popliteal fossa, flex leg

Dorsalis pedis- dorsum foot lateral extensor hallucis longus tendon

Posterior tibial- tarsal tunnel below and behind medial malleolus

Question 6

Popliteal fossa borders

Answer 6

Superomdeial- semimembranous

Superolateral- biceps femoris

Inferomedial- medial head gastrocnemius

Inferolateral- lateral head gastrocnemius and plantaris

Floor- popliteal surface femur, posterior knee joint capsule, oblique popliteal ligament, popliteal muscle

Roof- popliteal fascia and skin

Question 7

Popliteal fossa contents 9

Answer 7

Popliteal artery/ vein/ LN, short saphenous vein, Tibial N and medial sural cutaneous branch, common peroneal nerve and lateral sural cutaneous branch

Question 8

Pes anserinus (Goose foot)

Answer 8

Sartorius, Gracilis, semitendinous

Question 9

Axilla borders

Answer 9

Pyramidal junction upper limb and thorax, passageway neurovascular / muscular structures

Apex- lateral border first rib/ superior border scapula/ posterior border clavicle
Lateral- intertubercular sulcus humerus
Medial- serratus anterior, ribs, intercostal muscles
Anterior- pectoral is major/ minor, subclavius
Posterior- subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi
Base- axiallary fascia

Question 10

Axilla contents 7

Answer 10

Axillary artery/ vein/ LN

Branches brachial plexus

Intercostobrachial Nerve (T1)

Biceps brachii short head and coracobrachialis

(The axillary three, another nerve, BP and 2 muscles)

Question 11

3 routes structures leave axilla

Answer 11

Quadrangular space - intermuscular space axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery pass to encircle surgical neck humerus

Clavipectoral triangle- opening anterior wall axilla bounded pec major/ deltoid/ clavicle, cephalic vein enters, medial and lateral pectoral nerves leave

Inferiorly and laterally to upper limb

Question 12

Quadrangular space

Answer 12

Axillary Nerve and posterior circumflex artery and vein enter posterior arm

Bounded: superior- inferior teres minor, inferior- superior teres major, medial- LH triceps brachii, anterior- subscapularis

Question 13

Triangular space

Answer 13

Passageway circumflex scapular vessels enter Infraspinatus fossa

Bounded: superior- inferior teres minor, inferior- superior teres major, lateral- LH triceps brachii

Question 14

Triangular interval

Answer 14

Most inferior of three spaces

Bounded: superior- inferior teres major, medial- LH triceps brachii, lateral- shaft humerus or lateral head triceps

Radial Nerve and profunda brachii artery base

Question 15

Cubital fossa borders

Answer 15

Lateral- medial brachioradialis

Medial- lateral pronator teres

Superior- hypothetical line epicondyles

Floor- brachilais, supinator muscles

Roof- skin and fascia

Question 16

Cubital fossa contents

Answer 16

Really need beer to be at my nicest

Radial Nerve
Biceps tendon
Brachial artery
Median nerve

Lateral to medial

Question 17

Carpal tunnel borders and contents

Answer 17

Deep - carpal bones
Superficial- flexor retinaculum

Flexor pollicis longus tendon, flexor digitorum superficilais 4 tendons, flexor digitorum profundus 4 tenons, median nerve (bar palmar cutaneous given off proximal)

Question 18

Guyon’s canal

Answer 18

Superficial to flexor retinaculum, between pisiform and hook hamate
Roof- palmar carpal ligament

Ulnar nerve

Question 19

Anatomical snuff box borders

Answer 19

Borders:
Radial- tendons abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis

Ulnar- tendons extensor pollicis longus

Proximal- styloid process of radius

Floor- scaphoid and trapezium

Roof- skin

Question 20

Anatomical snuff box contents

Answer 20

Radial artery, superficial branch radial Nerve, cephalic vein