Speaking

Question 1

Cooing

Answer 1

1. Comfort sounds and vocal play using open mouthed vowel sounds
2. 4-7 months
3. Grunts and sighs, pitch and loudness practice and laughter starts

Question 2

Babbling

Answer 2

1. Repeated patterns of consonant and vowel sounds
2. 6-12 months
3. Sounds linking to own language,
   Reduplicating sounds

Question 3

Proto words

Answer 3

1. Words like vocalisations not matching actual words but used consistently for the same meaning
2. 9-12 months

Question 4

One word/ holophrastic

Answer 4

1. One word utterances
2. 12-18 months
3. Mama, dada, car

Question 5

Telegraphic

Answer 5

1. Three and more words combined
2. 24-36 months
3. Functions words obtained while content words retained
4. Begin to use questions, negatives and pronouns

Question 6

Two word

Answer 6

1. Two word combinations

2. 18-24 months

Question 7

Post telegraphic

Answer 7

1. More grammatically complex combinations

2. 36+ months

Question 8

Plosives

Answer 8

Created when the airflow is blocked for a brief time

Question 9

Affricatives

Answer 9

Created by putting plosives and fricatives together

Question 10

Nasals

Answer 10

Produced by air moving trough the nose

Question 11

Fricatives

Answer 11

Created when the airflow is blocked only partially and air moves through the mouth in a steady stream

Question 12

Stop constants

Answer 12

Similar sound to vowels

Question 13

Laterals

Answer 13

Created when placing the tongue on the ridge of the teeth

Question 14

Vegetative

Answer 14

1. Sounds of discomfort or reflexive actions
2. 0-4 months
3. Includes coughing crying and sucking

Question 15

Overextension

Answer 15

Where words used to label something is stretched to things normally outside the meaning

Question 16

Under extension

Answer 16

Where words are given narrower definitions than they really have e.g saying duck for and fluffy cartoon

Question 17

3 types of overextension

Answer 17

Categorical
Apple for all round fruits

Analogical
Ball for all round fruits

Mismatch
Look at empty pond and say duck

Question 18

Positive face

Answer 18

Where am individual seeks social approval and being included

Question 19

Negative face

Answer 19

Where am individual expresses their right to be on their own and make their own decisions

Question 20

What are these words?
Motherese
Parentese
Baby talk

Answer 20

All ways adults can talk to their child

Question 21

Features of CDs

Answer 21

1. Repetition
2. Higher pitch
3. Child’s name rather than a pronoun
4. Present tense
5. One word utterances
6. Fewer verbs / modifiers
7. Concrete nouns
8. Yes / no questioning
9. Exaggerated pauses
10. Expansions (rephrase child’s sentence so that it’s correct)
11. Recasts take a word a child days and expand it

Question 22

Expansions

Answer 22

Take a word a child says and expand it

Question 23

Recasts

Answer 23

Correct a child sentence that is incorrect

Question 24

Deletion?

Answer 24

Omitting the final consonant in a word e.g do(g) Cu(p)

Question 25

Substitution

Answer 25

Substituting one sound for another

Question 26

Addition

Answer 26

Adding an extra vowel to the end of the word e.g doggie

Question 27

Assimilation

Answer 27

Changing one consonant or vowel for another e.g ‘gog’ for ‘dog’

Question 28

Reduplication

Answer 28

Repeating a whole sylaballe

Question 29

Consonant cluster reduction

Answer 29

Reduce to smaller units e.g pider for spider

Question 30

Deletion of unstressed sylaballe’s

Answer 30

Omitting the opening sylaballe in polysyllabic words e.g Nana for banana