Spanish, Tenses Flashcards
Spanish Simple Future Endings
add the correct ending to the infinitive of the verb. All verb conjugations (-ar, -er, and -ir) have the same endings in the simple future tense.
yo: -é
tú : -ás
usted, él, ella: -á
nosotros: -emos
vosotros: -éis
ustedes, ellos, ellas: -án
When to use simple future tense?
Uses of the Simple Future
While the simple future is most often used to talk about what a person will do, it can also be used to talk about conjecture, possibilities, and probabilities in the present, make predictions about the future, and give solemn commands.
Simple future uses, 1
. Conjectures, Possibilities, and Probabilities
The simple future is often used to talk about things that may be or are probably true.
examples
Anita estará en la playa ahora.
Anita is probably at the beach right now.
Los niños tendrán hambre.
The children might be hungry.
Serán las ocho de la mañana.
It must be eight o’clock in the morning.
¿Dónde estarán mis llaves?
Where could my keys be?
¿Cuántos años tendrá el profesor?
I wonder how old the professor is
Simple future uses, 2
- Predictions about the Future
The simple future is often used to make predictions about the future.
examples
Me casaré con un hombre guapo.
I will marry a handsome man.
Encontrará un trabajo bueno.
He will find a good job.
Simple future uses, 3
The simple future can also be used in conditional sentences with si (if) to talk about what someone will do. In sentences like this, the verb immediately after si is in the present tense, while the verb in the other part of the sentence is in the simple future.
examples
Si tengo tiempo, saldré a correr en la tarde.
If I have time, I’ll go running this afternoon
Simple future uses, 4
Solemn Commands
Giving solemn commands is another way to use the simple future, although not a very common one.
examples
No robarás.
You shall/will not steal.
Te sentarás aquí hasta que regrese.
You shall/will sit right here until I return.
Obedecerás a tus abuelos.
You shall/will obey your grandparents
Don you ever use the present tense when talking about the future?
Yup! In Spanish, it’s very common for the present tense to be used to talk about future events that are certain. Check out the examples below.
examples
Te veo mañana en la escuela.
I’ll see you tomorrow at school.
Me caso el 6 de mayo.
I am getting married on May 6.
Mis padres me visitan mañana.
My parents are going to visit me tomorrow
Simple future irregular rules
The simple future has relatively few irregular verbs, and they fall into three distinct categories:
those that drop the e or i from the infinitive ending and add a d
those that simply drop the e or i from the infinitive ending
those that don’t follow any predictable pattern and must simply be memorized
Simple future,
Forms that Drop the e or i from the Infinitive Ending and Add a d
Only -er and -ir verbs fall into this category. To form the future with verbs in this category, simply remove the e or i from the infinitive ending, add a d, then add the simple future endings.
Conjugation Example:
Tener
Subject Verb Conjugations
yo
tendré
tú
tendrás
él, ella, usted
tendrá
nosotros
tendremos
vosotros
tendréis
ellos, ellas, ustedes
tendrán
Other Verbs like Tener
Infinitive Simple Future Stem
poner (to put)
pondr-
valer (to cost)
valdr-
salir
saldr-
venir
vendr-
examples
Tendrá un profesor bueno en esa clase.
You will have a good professor in that class.
Pondré el pastel en la mesa.
I will put the cake on the table
Simple future, Forms that Drop the e or i from the Infinitive Ending
Only -er verbs fall into this category. To form the future with verbs in this category, simply remove the e or i from the infinitive ending, then add the simple future endings.
Conjugation Example:
Poder (can/be able to)
Subject Verb Conjugation
yo
podré
tú
podrás
él, ella, usted
podrá
nosotros
podremos
vosotros
podréis
ellos, ellas, ustedes
podrán
Other Verbs like Poder
Infinitive Simple Future Stem
caber (fit, e.g., the skirt doesn’t fit/will it fit in the suitcase?)
cabr-
haber (to be/to have/there is)
habr-
saber
sabr-
querer
querr-
examples
Podrás hablar español muy pronto.
You will be able to speak Spanish very soon.
Habrá mucha gente en la fiesta.
There will be many people at the party.
Haber
haber v aux (tiempo perfecto) have⇒ v aux
Hoy he ido al colegio.
Marcos trajo vino, pero ya habíamos comprado tres botellas.
I’ve been to school today.
haber v impers (existir) be⇒ vi
there is + [singular] expr
there are + [plural] expr
Hay una granja en la colina.
There is a farm on the hill.
haber v impers (ocurrir, suceder) be⇒ vi
take place⇒ vi
happen⇒ vi
Hubo tres accidentes en la autovía durante el fin de semana.
There were three accidents on the motorway at the weekend.
haber v impers (llevarse a cabo) be⇒ vi
take place⇒ vi
La próxima semana habrá examen de inglés.
There will be an English exam next week.
Simple future, irregular stems
decir (to say)
hacer (to make/to do)
satisfacer (to satisfy)
have irregular stems that must be memorized.
Verbs that have decir or hacer as their root, such as
predecir (to predict)
rehacer (to redo)
follow the same conjugation patterns as decir and hacer in the simple future.
Decir
Diré
Dirás
Dirá
Diremos
Diréis
Dirán
Hacer
Haré
Harás
Hará
Haremos
Haréis
Harán
Satisfacer
Satisfaré
Satisfarás
Satisfará
Satisfaremos
Satisfaréis
Satisfarán
examples
Diréis el cuento de tu viaje a Argentina.
You will tell your story of your trip to Argentina.
Ellos harán el pastel para mi mamá.
They will make the cake for Mom.
Una cena como esta satisfará su apetito.
A dinner like this one will satisfy their appetite.
Informal future
Unlike the simple future, which uses just one word, the informal future uses a combination of the verb ir, the preposition a , and an infinitive.
Informal Future Formula
ir + a + infinitive
examples
Yo voy a viajar por España.
I am going to travel around Spain.
Tú vas a cantar.
You are going to sing.
Usted va a ser famoso.
You are going to be famous.
Él va a montar en monopatín.
He is going to skateboard.
Ella va a comprar un coche nuevo.
She is going to buy a new car.
Nosotros vamos a cenar a las nueve.
We are going to eat dinner at 9 o’clock.
Vosotros vais a jugar al fútbol esta tarde.
You are going to play soccer this afternoon.
Ustedes van a estudiar mucho.
You are going to study a lot.
Ellos van a dormir en el primer piso.
They are going to sleep on the first floor.
Ellas van a bailar.
They are going to dance.
Anita is probably at the beach right now
Anita estará en la playa ahora.
The children might be hungry
Los niños tendrán hambre.
It must be eight o’clock in the morning.
Serán las ocho de la mañana.
Where could my keys be?
¿Dónde estarán mis llaves?
I wonder how old the professor is?
¿Cuántos años tendrá el profesor?
