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RPH > Spanish Settlement > Flashcards

Spanish Settlement Flashcards

1
Q

He decided to send an expedition too the _______ for commercial.

A

King Charles I, Moluccas

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2
Q

______ commanded high price during that time to it was very profitable

A

Spice

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3
Q

King Charles was persuade to send ________ to the _____ in search for _____

A

Magellan expedition, orient, spice island

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4
Q

he succeeded in founding Spanish settlements and in laying the foundation of Spanish Colonization of the Philippines

A

Legazpi

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5
Q

Spanish claim to the Philippines was based on 2 reasons

A

1 Philippines was rightfully owned by Spain
2. Spain claimed the Philippines by right of “discovery” and by right of actual occupation or conquest.

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6
Q

Philippines was a possession or property of the King of Spain and, therefore, a _______

A

crown colony

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7
Q

As a crown colony, the Philippines was administered by the __________

A

Council of the Indies

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8
Q

Issued by the King of Spain

A

Royal order and decrees

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9
Q

Philippines as a colony was placed under the jurisdiction of the __________

A

Ministry of the Colonies or Overseas Ministry (Ministerio de Ultramar)

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10
Q

Overseas Ministry was advised and aided in its work by the ____________

A

Council of the Philippines

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11
Q

In organizing a central government of the Philippines, Spanish authorities saw to it that they would be guided by their experience in _____ and _____

A

Mexico and South America

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12
Q

What law was applied in the Philippines?

A

Law of Indies

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13
Q

Enumerate laws of Spain which were made to apply in the Philippines

A

La Novisima Recopilacion, Leyes de Toro, and the Siete Partidas.

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14
Q

_____________ organized in’ the Philippines a highly centralized form of
government.

A

Spanish colonizers

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15
Q

____________________ was so powerful that almost
everything had to be done with its knowledge and consent.

A

central or national government

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16
Q

The central government was headed
by the ___________________, or ___________, who was appointed by the King of
Spain.

A

governor and captain-general, governor-general

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17
Q

he was the King’s official representative in the colony.

A

Governor general

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18
Q

He possessed vast
________, __________, and ________

A

executive, legislative, and judicial powers.

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19
Q

There were; however, only two branches of
government: the executive and the judicial. T or F

A

True

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20
Q

The governor-general issued orders with the __________.

A

force of law

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21
Q

Orders issued by the governor-general

A

superior decrees

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22
Q

Decrees or orders coming from the King of Spain

A

Royal decrees or orders

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23
Q

The ____________ was a member of the ________, being its president or presiding officer.

A

governor-general, Audiencia

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24
Q

Governor-general was also the ____________ in the Philippines

A

vice-royal patron

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25
Q

As a ____________, means that as the King’s representative, he could appoint ___________in the government and also the ___________.

A

governor-general, minor officials, parish priests

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26
Q

He was also the commander-in-chief of the armed forces

A

Governor-general

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27
Q

__________ was the right of the governor to suspend the operation of a Royal decree
or order relative to the Philippines if in his opinion said order or decree would not be beneficial to
the administration of the country.

A

The cumplase “I obey but do not comply”

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28
Q

The judicial powers of the government were exercised by the ________ and the__________

A

Audiencia, lower courts

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29
Q

was established in the Philippines in 1584 in order to give justice to the aggrieved people in the colony

A

The Audiencia

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30
Q

Who was the first president of the Audiencia?

A

Governor Santiago de Vera

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31
Q

was the highest court insofar as civil and criminal cases were concerned

A

The Audiencia

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32
Q

political and administrative matters were referred to it by the __________

A

Governor

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33
Q

When there is no governor or the latter could not perform his duties, the _________ exercised his political and administrative powers.

A

Audiencia

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34
Q

When the Audiencia was abolished, what took its place?

A

A council composed of 400 members

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35
Q

Below the central government was the ____________

A

provincial government.

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36
Q

Provinces which were already peaceful and recognizing the authority of Spain were governed by
______________

A

civil provincial governors.

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37
Q

Those not yet fully pacified and conquered were ruled by ___________

A

military officers

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38
Q

The provincial governor was called ________ who was appointed by the ________

A

alcalde mayor, governor-general

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39
Q

What made alcalde mayor rich and powerful was the right given to him to ___________ called __________

A

engage in trade, indulto de comercio

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40
Q

______________ abused this power so that he committed graft and corruption

A

Provincial Governor

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41
Q

Another anomalous practice was the provincial governor’s being at the same time______ of the province.

A

judge

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42
Q

the king in 1886, ordered that the provincial governor should remain as ______ only.

A

judge

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43
Q

Another man was appointed _______ whose main duty was to administer the province

A

governor

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44
Q

Below the provincial government was the _____________.

A

municipal government

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45
Q

The town or municipality,
composed of several barrios, was headed by the _________________, also called
__________ or _________. Today called ______

A

gobernadorcillo (little governor), capitan municipal, simply capitan, Mayor

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46
Q

The _______ was elected by
thirteen electors who were prominent in the town.

A

capitan

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47
Q

The one selected capitan had to be approved by the ______________. So on and all….

A

Spanish friar-curate, sumpay sumpay

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48
Q

The capitan was aided in the administration of the turn by deputies
called __________, a chief of police, and subordinate officials called _________.

A

tenientes, alguaciles

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49
Q

Each barrio or barangay of the town was headed by a _____ or head who did not receive
any salary.

A

cabeza

50
Q

The cabeza was considered
a member of the _______ or the ______.

A

principalia, aristocracy

51
Q

During the first century of Spanish rule. there were only two cities

A

Cebu and Manila

52
Q

As conquest and settlement continued, the __________ created one city after another.

A

Spanish officials

53
Q

By the seventeenth century, the Philippines had six cities

A

Cebu, Manila, Vigan, Nueva Segovia (Lal-Loc), Arevalo (part of Iloilo City), Nueva Caceres (Naga)

54
Q

The government was different from that of the town. It was called ______. now ______ and consisted of _____, ______, ______, _____, and few other lesser officials

A

Ayuntiamento, City ahll, two alcaldes, twelve regidores (councilors), a chief of police, city secretary

55
Q

When Legazpi sailed for the Philippines, he was accompanied by some _____ belonging to the ______

A

friars, Augustinian Order

56
Q

______ decided that the entire Philippines should be converted to the _____

A

The King, Catholic faith

57
Q

_____________ were sent to the colony after the death of Legazpi

A

Missionaries

58
Q

___________ continued to send its missionaries to make converts

A

The Augustinian Order

59
Q

________ spread Catholicism in and around Manila, the Bisayas, the Ilocos, Pampanga, and Pangasinan

A

The Missionaries

60
Q

____________ arrived and spread the Catholic faith in Manila, Laguna de Bay ( Bai), such as the present provinces of Laguna, Batangas, Rizal and Quezon

A

Franciscan Missionaries

61
Q

Franciscan Missionaries’ also established missions in _____ and other parts of the ______

A

Camarines, Bikol provinces

62
Q

_______, who were not friars spread Catholicism in Manila, Leyte, Cebu, Bohol, Samar, and later, ins Mindanaw.

A

Jesuits

63
Q

___________ came to Manila in 1587 and labored to spread the Catholic faith in Manila, the Cagayan region, and Pangasinan

A

Dominican Missionaries

64
Q

Came in 1606 and propagated the faith in Manila, Bataan, Zambales, Mindoro, Masbate, Ticao, Burias, Cuyo, Romblon, Negros, and some parts of Mindanaw

A

Franciscan Missionaries

65
Q

These missionaries worked so hard to convert the Filipinos to Catholicism that in the space
of a little more than ________ from the time Legazpi landed in Cebu, the number of converts to the Catholic faith
was about_____.

A

twenty years, 250,000

66
Q

This number rose to a little less than a million in the middle of the eighteenth century; to about four million in the 1860s, and to about six and a half million at the
end of the Spanish period in 1898. T or F

A

T

67
Q

Today, from________ of the total population is Catholic

A

83 to 85%

68
Q

There
was in
Spain a union of _____ and ______.

A

Church and State

69
Q

were not only priests,
but also agents of
the Spanish King.

A

Friars and Jesuits

70
Q

were active in the government and had political powers

A

The clergy

71
Q

The friar’s became members of some agencies of the ____________

A

Central Government

72
Q

In the local government, the _____ almost always was the census enumerator, the health officer, the inspectors of schools……..

A

Friar-curate (was everybody)

73
Q

__________ was also eligible to become governor-general during
the latter’s absence or illness.

A

high Church official

74
Q

Examples of Church officials who became acting governors-general
were (4 kabuok)

A

Archbishop Francisco de la Cuesta (1719-1721); Bishop Juan de Arrechederra (1745-1750);
Bishop Miguel Lino de Espeleta (1759-1761); and Archbishop Manuel Rojo (1761-1762).

75
Q

In order to make the administration of parishes efficient
the
Catholic Church was divided into ______

A

districts.

76
Q

In turn, each district was divided into______ and ______.

A

parishes
and missions

77
Q

_________ represented geographic regions usually speaking different dialects or
languages.

A

The districts

78
Q

the _________represented villages,

A

parishes

79
Q

________ represented areas
or regions not yet conquered and converted to Catholicism.

A

missions

80
Q

In
1578, Manila was made a _______.

A

diocese

81
Q

At first, it was a mere ________ of the Archbishopric
of Mexico.

A

suffragan

82
Q

_____________ was made the first Bishop of Manila.

A

Father Domingo de Salazar

83
Q

The bishopric of Manila became an _________in 1595 with ______________ as the
first archbishop.

A

archbishopric, Father Ignacio Santibanez

84
Q

Under the ____________ were the bishopric of Cebu, of Nueva Caceres,
and of Nueva Segovia.

A

Archbishopric of Manila

85
Q

The ___________ was headed by the Archbishop of Manila,
who was appointed by the pope upon the recommendation of the King of Spain.

A

Ecclesiastical Government

86
Q

The court justice of the church which was composed of the archbishop, the vicar-general, a notary, and other officials.

A

Ecclesiastical Court or Archbishop’s court

87
Q

were introduced in order to stop the abuses of high Spanish officials in the colonies.

A

residencia and visita

88
Q

The_________
was the public investigation and trial of outgoing colonial officials in order to ascertain whether
they had committed abuses in the performance of their duties.

A

residencia

89
Q

Tung na samplan sa residencia HAHAHAHHA

A

Governor-General Sebastian Hurtado de Corcuera

90
Q

________, on the other hand, was a secret investigation of an official’s acts a a public
servant whose purpose was to make him work honestly and efficiently as he was expected to do.

A

The visita

91
Q

In theory, Spain’s colonial system was the best of all colonial systems
followed by other European countries like ___, ____, and ______

A

England, France, and
Holland.

92
Q

described how to prevent the exploitation of natives in their employment.

A

Laws of the Indies

93
Q

some
conditions were set for the forced labor, called ___________

A

polo y servicio.

94
Q

For the filipino laborer to be exempted from forced labor, had to pay a fee called _____

A

Falla

95
Q

was not actually a piece of land, but a favor from the king under which the spaniard receiving the favor was given the right to collect tributes or taxes from the inhabitants of an area assigned to him

A

Encomienda

96
Q

The man who receives the favor granted by the king (encomienda) is called _____

A

encomiendero

97
Q

The size of the encomienda was determined:

A

(1) by the number of people living in it and;
(2) by the value of the land on which the natives lived. The law limited the number of natives in an
area administered by an encomiendero to 300, while the value of the land was limited to P2,000.
At
an
encomienda could be held for three generations.

98
Q

provided that
the encomiendero should teach those under his jurisdiction the elements of the
Christian doctrine.

A

The King, the Laws of the Indies

99
Q

____________, which belonged to
King;

A

Royal encomienda

100
Q

_______, which belonged to the church,

A

the ecclesiastical encomienda

101
Q

__________, which belonged to a private individual.

A

the private
encomienda

102
Q

Those
who paid tribute were persons above ______ years and those below ______.

A

sixteen, sixty

103
Q

the tribute was
increased of which a small part went to the Church. This was called _________.

A

sanctorum

104
Q

the present equivalent of which is the residence certificate class “A”,

A

The cedula

105
Q

Other taxes filipino paid

A

diezmos prediales, the donativo de Zamboanga, and the vinta.

106
Q

The _____________ was a tax
which consisted of one-tenth of the produce of the land.

A

diezmos prediales

107
Q

The _________, which was
introduced in 1635, was a tax specifically used for the conquest of Jolo.

A

donativo de Zamboanga

108
Q

The______, on the other
hand, was a tax paid by the people of some provinces along the coast of western Luzon for the
defense of the coasts from Muslim pirates.

A

vinta

109
Q

_________ were trading centers of the archipelago.

A

Jolo
and Manila

110
Q

_________ became a leading
commercial center of the Orient.

A

Manila

111
Q

The early __________ encouraged trade between
Manila and other countries of the Orient because it was so lucrative as to make them rich within a
short time.

A

Spanish colonial officials

112
Q

Ships from _____, ____, _____, ______, ____, ____, ______ anchored in Manila to discharge their valuable cargoes.

A

Japan, China, Siam (Thailand), India, Cambodia, Malacca and what is now
Indonesia

113
Q

commercial restrictions
were placed on the trade due to the complaints of the merchants of ___ and _____.

A

Cadiz and Sevilla

114
Q

It was a government monopoly and only
privileged persons, such as ______ of the State and the Church and thé _____ of the galleons,
were allowed to engage in the trade.

A

high officials, crew

115
Q

the galleons were captured by __________

A

English buccaneers.

116
Q

Others, however, sank off the _____________.

A

southern
coast of Luzon near Samar

117
Q

the last galleon from Manila
sailed for _____________, and the government’s monopoly of the galleon trade came to an
end.

A

Acapulco, Mexico

118
Q

Other ports in the America, as in Peru and Ecuador, were, opened to Philippine trade and the
____________ trade declined further.

A

Manila-Acapulco

119
Q

The Mexican government sent to the Philippines an annual subsidy called the ______

A

Situado (250 000)

120
Q

The _________ was stopped when Mexico became independent in 1821

A

Mexican Subsidy

RPH (7 decks)

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