Spanish Conquest of the Americas

Question 1

Social status of the Conquistadors

Answer 1

There was an impression that they were valiant soldiers ready to take on the Americas. In actual reality, many were past prisoners, poor, etc.

Question 2

Dona Marina (La Malinche)

Answer 2

“The Fucked One”; Seen as a traitor to the Aztecs because of her affair with Hernan Cortes. Played a central role in the mediation (translator) between Moctezuma and Cortes.

Question 3

Hernan Cortes

Answer 3

a Spanish explorer who is famous mainly for his march across Mexico and his conquering of the Aztec Empire in Mexico. landed on tucatan. ordered ships to be burned.

Question 4

Moctezuma

Answer 4

Chief of the Aztecs. Kept sending people out to stall the Spaniards. Created a lot of insecurity between people in the city. Died in captivity under the conquistadors

Question 5

Francisco Pizarro

Answer 5

Spanish conquistador who traveled through much of the Pacific coast of America along Peru. He “discovered” the Incan empire and conquered it brutally and quickly, stealing immense hoards of gold, silver, and other treasures.

Question 6

Atahualpa

Answer 6

Last soverign emperor before the spanish conquered the Incan empire. He was captured by Pizarro and used as a figurehead to control the empire

Question 7

Quetzalcoatl

Answer 7

Aztec Sun god/ feathered serpent. This is the god that the Aztecs mistook Cortes for

Question 8

Aztec tributary System

Answer 8

The Aztecs collected goods from the tribes. caused resentment from tribes so they sided with cortes.

Question 9

Function of human sacrifice

Answer 9

struck fear in the hearts of the natives that were not in the empire, and perhaps terrified the people in the empire as well. the incredible loss of human life would weaken an otherwise powerful nation.the consolidation, power, and wealth.make gods happy.

Question 10

Huitzilopochtli

Answer 10

”- SlaugAztec god of war and sacrificehter of priests, captains, young warriors on a holy celebration, “Festival of Huitzilopochtli”
- Pedro Alvarado carried this out ← Conquest of Aztecs

”

Question 11

Tlaxcala

Answer 11

indigenous state in the Yucatan that helped the Spanish

Question 12

Sahagun’s Account of Aztec Resistance

Answer 12

Florentine Codex that contained testimonials of the conquest, challenges and reinforces the notion of an inevitable conquest

Question 13

Cuanhtemoc

Answer 13

successor of Montezuma, didnt give into cortes and was executed

Question 14

Pedro Alvarado

Answer 14

Considered the conquistador of most of Central America. Treated natives with extreme cruelty

Question 15

Seige of Tenochtitlan

Answer 15

the return of cortes, cut off supplies to Tenochtitlan which aided disease to spread fast

Question 16

Impact of small pox

Answer 16

killed majority of population because they weren’t immune to european diseases.