Spanish Colonization (Age of Exploration) Flashcards
What does Mestizo mean?
Mixed Native American and Spanish population
Who was Francisco Pizarro?
A Spanish conquistador that conquered Incan territory (Peru in South America), by kidnapping and murdering the emperor
Who was Hernando Cortes?
A Spanish conquistador that conquered the Aztecs, in Mexico, through superior weaponry, Native alliances, and diseases that the Natives had no immunity to
What were the benefits of Spanish Colonization?
- wealth
- power
What was the encomienda system?
A forced Native American labor system controlled by Spanish authorities and landlords.
What are colonies?
Land taken over by another country
What is a conquistador?
A Spanish explorer/conqueror in search of gold and silver
Who were the first European settlers in the Americas?
The Spanish
What were the impacts of Spanish Colonization?
- Spanish wealth and power from native labor
- Mestizo
- encomiendas
- spread of catholicism
- influenced more Spanish explorations of U.S.
- Native American deaths due to foreign diseases
Where did Spanish conquistadors colonize?
The Americas (Mexico, South America, North America)
Who was the Inca emperor?
Atahualpa, who was kidnapped and murdered by Francisco
Who was the Aztec emperor?
Montezuma II, believed Cortes was a god in armor
Why did the Spanish create a stronger naval army?
To protect vessels going back to Europe
Who opposed the Spanish mistreatment of Natives?
Bartolomé de Las Casas, a Dominican monk
What were the New Laws?
Laws that forbade Native American slavery, labor work, and encomiendas, allowing them to be free. These laws were later modified and revoked
