Spain - East+ south Flashcards
1
Q
In what DO is Urgell sub zone located?
A
Costers del Segre
in Cataluña - Spain
Other subregions:
- Garrigues
- Pallars Jussà
- Raimat
- Artesa del Segre
- Segria
- Vall del Riucorb
2
Q
When does Pla de Bages DO been upgraded?
A
2006
3
Q
Who’s the first winemaker in Spain to introduce Stainless steel tank into to vinification room? When?
A
Miguel Torres, in Priorat, alongside René Barbier
in 1960.
Helps to give up the more new technologies to follow.
4
Q
What is the ageing requirement for Noble in Alicante DO?
A
18 mth in wood
Añejo: 24 mth in wood
Produced from recommended grapes and non fortified
14% ABV
Blanco: Moscatel de Alejandría, Airén, Subirat Parent, (Malvasia), Chardonnay, Macabeo, Merseguera, Planta fina de Pedralba, Sauvignon blanc, Verdil
Tinto: Monastrell Garnacha Tintorera (Alicanté Bouschet), Garnacha Tinta (Gironet), Bobal, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Pinot Noir, Petit Verdot, Syrah, Tempranillo
5
Q
What style of wines can be produce in Place de Bages DO?
A
1: Blanca / Blanc
2: Rosado / Rosat
3: Tinta / Negre
4: Vino de Aguja / Vi d’Agulla (semi-sparkling, 1-2.5 bars of pressure)
5: Vino Espumoso / Vi Escumós: min. 3.5 bars of pressure, made by the traditional method
6: Vino Rancio / Vi Ranci: Oxidized wine
7: Mistela (fortified)
8: Vino Dulce Natural / Vi Dolç Natural: Vino de Licor, min. must weight of 255 g/l (fortified)
6
Q
Explain the following
Vi de Finca
Vi de Paratge*
Vi de Vinya Classificada*
Vi de Gran Vinya Classificada*
Velles Vinyes
A
1: Vi de Finca (Single vineyard, independent of Vi de Vinya): 100% Sourced from designated parcel. Only allowed for wines that also qualify for Catalan “Vi de Finca”.
2: Vi de Paratge: 100% Sourced from a single zone.
3: Vi de Vinya Classificada: Quality vineyard designation given to single parcel wines by the Consell.
4: Vi de Gran Vinya Classificada*: Top-Quality vineyard designation given to single parcel wines by the Consell.
5: Velles Vinyes: Vineyard designation given to vineyards planted prior to 1945 (75 year old vines).
7
Q
What is “Tinas”? Where is it in use?
A
Large wooden vat use in Castilla la Mancha mainly (Ribera del Jucar)
5,000 to 20,000 Liters capacity
8
Q
Can sparkling wine be made in the Penedes DO?
A
Yes
1: Vino Aguja / Vi d’Agulla: (semi-sparkling, 1-2.5 bars of pressure)
2: Classic Penedès: Sparkling wine made by traditional or ancestral method from organic grapes, min. 3.5 bars of pressure
* Classic Penedès: min. 15 months prior to disgorgement (all wines are technically “Reserva”)
* Reserva3, Reserva4, etc. to Reserva15 can be used on the label to indicate a longer lees aging period of 3 to 15 years.
* Ancestrale Method: min. 15 months. Wines aged on lees for 4 years or more can be release without disgorgement with “No Dejorhat” or “No Degollat”.
9
Q
Where are the sub-zones:
Arganda, Navalcarnero, San Martin de Valdeiglesias
A
Vino de Madrid DO
10
Q
Where is Montsant DO located?
A
Within the border of Tarragona
- Catalunya - Spain
11
Q
Where is Ribera del Jucar DO located in?
A
Eastern Castilla la Mancha autonomia
DO est: 2003
12
Q
Is Rosato wine allow in Priorat? White? Vino Dulce Natural?
A
Yes all are allowed. Grenache Blanc, Macabeu, and PX dominate.
Vi dulce natural/Vi Ranci require a min abv of 15% and a min must weight of 320g/l
13
Q
Where is Almansa DO located? What style of wine can be produce here?
A
Castilla la Mancha
DO: 1966
-Blanco (Seco, Semiseco, Semidulce, Dulce)
Blanco “Fermentado en Barrica”
Rosado (Seco, Semiseco, Semidulce, Dulce)
Tinto (Seco, Semiseco, Semidulce, Dulce)
Sweetness Designations:
Seco: max. 4 g/l residual sugar
Semiseco: 4-12 g/l residual sugar
Semidulce: 12-45 g/l residual sugar
Dulce: min. 45 g/l residual sugar
14
Q
Where is Méntrida DO located?
What GV are in use here?
A
Northern Castilla la Mancha - West of Madrid
- blanco: Albillo, SB, Macabeo, Chardonnay, Verdejo
- Tinto: Garnacha, Tempranillo, CS, PV, Syrah, Merlot
15
Q
What is Vino Dulce de Uva Sobremadurada? Where can you find it mainly?
A
Sweet fortified wine made from overripe grapes:
Cataluya: Penedes mainly
16
Q
What are the main grapes of La Mancha DO?
A
Airen / Chardonnay
Cencibel, CS, Garnacha
17
Q
What are the white grapes varieties of Emporda DO?
A
white: Garnatxa Bianco, makaber, Moscatel de Alexandria + Chardo, GW, Muscat PG, SB, Xarel-lo, Picapoll
18
Q
What is Vino Espumoso “classic” From Penedes DO?
What’s No Dejorhat” or “No Degollat?”
A
A sparkling wine made only in Traditional method
Wines aged on lees for 4 years or more can be release without disgorgement in the ancestrale method.
Aged for a min of 15 mth OTL
19
Q
What are the authorised white GV in Penedes DO?
A
Macabeu, Xarel-lo, Parellada, Subirat Parent (Malvasia), Moscatel d’Alexandria, Malvasia de sitges, Chardonnay, SB, Riesling, GW, Chenin Blanc
20
Q
How many villages are allow to produce Priorat DOCa?
Precise the denomination if it comes from single village?
Regulations?
A
12 villages in totals
- Name of the village must be follow by “Vi De Vila” on the label.
- Must include at least 60% of recommended varieties
- or 50% if only one is present
21
Q
who was the first winemaker to believe in Priorat region? When? How?
A
René Barbier in 1979.
He convince Alvaro Palacios to plant and grow french and native grapes in Llicorella soil of Gratallops.
22
Q
Who are the 2 biggest sparkling wine productions houses in the world?
A
1st: Frexeinet
2nd: Cordoniu
23
Q
What is the main Grape variety of Murcia Area? What other can be mention behind this principal grape?
A
Monastrell, Drought resistant grape occupes nearly 80% of the vineyard production
- Petit Verdot, or Garnacha are also present
24
Q
What is the soil type of Priorat?
A
mix of Llicorella (black slates) and rocky schist
25
Is irrigation allow for Cava DO vines?
Yes, since 1996 in lower quality (Baja Penedes)
| - on sandy / alluvial soil
26
Where is Terra Alta Located?
Cataluyan - Spain
along the Ebro River, inland
-- off the coast
27
Why priorat find international's fame in a shorter time?
```
Christopher Cannan (bordeaux base importeur), offer a tasting of René Biarbier's Clos Mogador to Robert Parker in late 1990.
The enthusiasm of Parker gone easily around the world
```
28
What are the yields regulations for Ucles do?
Red Grapes:
Vines > 40 years of age: 5,000 kg/ha (en vaso), 8,000 kg/ha (trellis)
Vines > 15 years of age: 6,500 kg/ha (en vaso), 9,500 kg/ha (trellis)
Vines > 6 years of age: 8,000 kg/ha (en vaso), 11,000 kg/ha (trellis)
Red Vines under 6 years of age may not produce Uclés DO wines
70 liters/100 kg
29
What are the 2 DO of located in Balearic Island?
| What GV?
- Pla I Llevant DO
- Binissalem Mallorca
- - Manto Negro, Callet, Fogoneu, Tempranillo, Monastrell, CS and Syrah
- - Moll (Prensal Blanco), Macabeu, Moscatel, Parellada + international grapes
30
Where is Los Balagueses DO located?
| When does it been upgraded to Vino de Pago?
Utiel-Requena DO - Valencia
2011
Syrah and Grenache grapes
31
What are the ageing requirement for Ribera del Jucar?
Vino Tradición Tinto: either min. 2 months in barricas (225L - 330L capacity) or min. 4 months in "Tinas" (Large wooden vats of 5,000L - 20,000L capacity)
Crianza (Tinto only): Wines must be aged for a min. 2 years, including at least 6 months in wood
Reserva (Tinto only): Wines must be aged for a min. 3 years, including at least 1 year in wood
32
In what DO is Segria sub zone located?
Costers del Segre
in Cataluña - Spain
Other subregions:
- Garrigues
- Pallars Jussà
- Raimat
- Artesa del Segre
- Urgell
- Vall del Riucorb
33
What is Vimblanc? Where does it produced?
Min aging for Garnacha de tarragona?
Liquor wine made from overripes grapes
Tarragona DO - Catalunya
15-18% ABV
Garnatxa de Tarragona: min. 2 years
Garnatxa de Tarragona: min. 3 years, including at least 1 year in oak - crianza
34
Where are the sub-regions:
| Tierra Barros, Ribera Alta, Ribera Baja, Montánchez, Matanegra, Cañamero
Ribera del Guadiana DO?
35
What is the biggest wine region (appellation) in Europe?
La Mancha: more than 160,000 Ha
36
What DO in castilla la Mancha has some yielding regulation depending the age of the vine?
Ucles DO
37
What is the only DOCa of Catalunya?
Priorat DO
38
What is the min ageing requirement for Rancio wine in Plain de Bages DO?
Straight: 1 year in oak
Crianza: 4 years included 3 y. in wood
39
What region introduced the Giropalette? What is it?
Cava was the first one to use it. Then Champagne took over the process
-- Mechanical "remuage"
40
What is the sweetness range of La Mancha DO?
- Secco: 4 g/L max
- Semisecco: 4-12 g/L
- Semidulce: 12-45 g/L
- Dulce: min 45 g/L
41
Name the al DO of Catalonia?
- Alella DO
- Catalunya DO
- Cava DO
- Conca de Barbera DO
- Coster del Segre DO
- Emporda DO
- Montsant DO
- Penedes DO
- Pla de Bages DO
- Tarragona DO
- Terra Alta DO
- Priorat = DOCa
42
Where does the Priorat name comes from?
From the Priorato di Scala Dei
| = "A carthusian monastery founded where a boy's vision of angel ascending to Heaven"
43
What is the smallest sub-region of Costers del Segre? Is also the most famous?
Raimat
44
Are international GV allow to be use in Penedes DO?
Yes:
| CS, CF, Syrah, Merlot, PN
45
What are the DOs of Castilla la Mancha Autonomia?
- Almansa DO
- La Mancha DO
- Manchuela DO
- Mondéjar DO
- Méntrida DO
- Ribera Del Júcar DO
- Uclés DO
- Valdepeñas
46
If you read "Reserva Superior" on a label of Conca de Barbera wine. What does it mean?
Can be only use for Vino espumoso
| - Wine must spent at least 24 mth OTL prior disgorgement
47
What trellising system are authorised in Cava DO?
En Vas = Bush vine
En Espatllera = Trellis
-- Cordon simple ou double or Vara i Polze (simple ou double)
48
Where is Emporda DO located? Explain it?
Blanco
Rosado
Tinto
Garnatxa de l'Empordà: Vi de Licor, designated "rubí" if made with Garnatxa Negre, or "ambre" if made with Garnatxa Blanca, may be labeled "vi dolç natural" with a min. must weight of 270 g/l
Moscatell de l'Empordà: Vi de Licor, may be labeled "vi dolç natural" with a min. must weight of 270 g/l
Vino de Aguja, Vi d'Agulla (semi-sparkling)
Vino Espumoso, Vi Escumós
Mistela (Blanca/Tinta)
Vi de raïms sobremadurat: Vi de Licor made from over-ripe grapes (Blanco only)
Garnacha del Empordà:
Crianza min. 3 years, including at least 1 year in oak
Reserva: min. 5 years, including at least 4 years in oak
Gran Reserva: min. 8 years, including at least 6 years in oak
49
What is the DO of Extremadura?
Ribera del Guadiana DO
subzones: Tierra Barros, Ribera Alta, Ribera Baja, Montánchez, Matanegra, Cañamero
50
In what DO is Raimat sub zone located?
Costers del Segre
in Cataluña - Spain
Other subregions:
- Garrigues
- Pallars Jussà
- Raimat
- Artesa del Segre
- Segria
- Vall del Riucorb
51
How long time must a "Tinto Roble" Manchuela DO be aged for?
2 mth in wooden barrels: no bigger than 600L barrels
52
What is Vino de Aguja?
| Where does it produce?
Semi sparkling wine
| In Catalunya within the Emporda DO
53
Explain vino espumoso of Vino de Madrid DO?
Traditional Method: 9 mth OTL min
| Can be produced only from Albillo, Torrontes, Viura, Garnacha Tinta, Tinto Fino, Parellada, Malvar
54
Can Montsant be produce varietally?
Yes,
| with classic 85% law regulation
55
How is Planta Fina de Pedralba call in South Africa?
| Where does it originate from?
From Valencia DO
Dry - aromatic white wines
In south Africa call Kanaān
56
What are the reg grapes of Alella DO?
Garnatxa negre as recommended
| + CS? Garnatxa Peluda, Merlot, Monastrell, PN, Samso, Sumoll, Syrah, Ull de Llebre
57
What is the min ageing for vino espumoso in Alella DO?
9 mouth OTL made in Traditional method only
58
What are recommend white grapes for Costers del Segre DO?
Chardonnay, Garnatxa B, Macabeu, Moscatel d'Alexandria, Parellada, Riesling, SB, Subirat Parent (Malvasia), GW, Pansa Blanca (Xarel-lo)
59
Name the 5 "original" clos of Priorat?
- Clos Mogador
- Clos Erasmus
- Clos Dolfi
- Clos de L'obac
- Clos Martinet
60
What are the main GV of Conca di Barbera DO?
CF, CS and Garnatxa Negre + PN, Monastrell, Merlot, Sarah, Trepat, Ull de Llebre, Samso
61
How long must be age a wine label as Tinto roble in Penedes? Barrica?
These mentions doesn't required any length in oak ageing.
| However, the time in oak must be stated on the label
62
Can "Blanco" wines of Almansa DO be aged as Reserva / Gran Reserva ?
No, only for red wine
- Crianza wh: 18 mth incl 6 in wood
Tinto: Crianza: 24 mth in total with 6 in wood min
Reserva: 36 mth incl 12 in wood
Gran Reserva: 5 years i total with 18 mth in wood
63
What is Garnatxa de l'Emporda?
Garnatxa de l'Empordà: Vi de Licor, designated "rubí" if made with Garnatxa Negre, or "ambre" if made with Garnatxa Blanca, may be labeled "vi dolç natural" with a min. must weight of 270 g/l
Garnacha del Empordà: min. 3 years, including at least 1 year in oak
Garnacha del Empordà: min. 5 years, including at least 4 years in oak
Garnacha del Empordà: min. 8 years, including at least 6 years in oak
64
Where is Bullas DO located?
Murcia Autonomia
| Spain
65
Min % and primary grape for the following
Alicante tinto
Fondillon (max rs)
Yecla espumosso
Jumilla monastrall timti
con mención especifica
Bullas tinto
Bullas espumosso
Alicante tinto 80% monastrall
Fondillon (max rs) 100% monastrall 40gl
Yecla vino espumosso tinto 85%
Jumilla monastrall tinto 85%
con mención especifica 100% bobal (utiel-requena)
Bullas tinto 60% monastrall
Bullas espumosso 65% monastrall
66
Name the particular soil type of Priorat
Llicorella: Black slates
67
Where is Malvasia de Sitges found in spain (mostly?) Where is it historically found? What is 'Subirat Parent?'
Penedes / Cava - sometimes made into a fortified wine.
Malvasia in Peneds
68
What are the min yield allow for Cava DO?
- 12 tons / Ha
| 100L of must/ 150Kg of grapes
69
What DO is share between Murcia and Castilla la Mancha?
Jumilla
| Core of the DO is located into Murcia.
70
In what DO are these sub-regions and their respective styles of wine made?
- Alto Turia
- - blanco seco
- Clariano
- - Bl, Ro, Ti: dry
- Valentino
- - Bl, Ro, Ti, Vino de Licor
- Moscatel de Valencia
- - Vino Dulce, Vino de licor
sub regions of Valencia DO
71
What are the main Grapes of Utiel Requena?
Bobal + Tempranillo, Garnacha, CS, Merlot, Syrah
72
What is the min must weight for Vino Dulce Natural in Montsant DO?
272 g/l
- Fortified wine
- 15-18% ABV
73
Where is Pla des Bages DO located?
Northern Catalunya
Spain
More inland than Alella DO
74
How long time must be aged a vino Roble in La Mancha DO?
60 days min in wood (no bigger than 600L)
75
Where is El Terrerazo DO located?
| When does it been upgraded to Vino de Pago?
Utiel-Requena DO - Valencia
2010
Bobal and Merseguera grapes
76
What are:
- Urgell
- Garrigues
- Pallars Jussà
- Raimat
- Artesa del Segre
- Segria
- Vall del Riucorb
sub-zone of Costers del Segre
77
Can wines from Alicante be produce as sweet version?
Yes,
- Any wine as Seco, Semiseco, Dulce
- Also produce Fondillon, Moscatel de Alicante
- Vino Rancio / Vino Noble
78
What is the maximum pressing yield allow in Jumilla?
70L of must / 100 Kg of grapes harvested
79
What type of vine training is used in Jumilla?
- "Extensive": dry farming: En Vaso only
| - "Intensive": with irrigation: en Vaso or Trellised
80
What are the sweetness levels of Cava?
Same regulation as Champagne AOP
- Brut Nature: 0-3 g/L
- Extra Brut: 0-6 g/L
- Brut: 0-12 g/L
- Extra Dry: 12-17 g/L
- Dry: 17-32 g/L
- Semi Dry: 32-50 g/L
- sweet: 50+ g/L
81
Is international grapes allow in Priorat?
Yes, Cab Sauv, Syrah, Carignan are now planted.
82
What is Vi de Raïm sobremadurat?
| where can we find it?
- Emporda DO - Catalunya
| - Vin de Licor made from over-ripe grapes = only for vino bianco base in Garnatxa
83
Name three producers of corpinnat / name 2 cava Paraje calificado
Llopart/Gramona/Recaredo
Juve y Camps La Capella / Cordonieu Els Trou Nou / Alta alella valcirera
84
Name the 2 "clos monopoles" of Priorat?
- René Barbier's clos Mogador
| - Alvaros Palacios: Clos Erasmus
85
What are the white recommended varieties of Valencia DO?
Merseguera, Macabéo, Malvasia, Moscatel de Alejandria, PX, Planta Fina de Pedralba, Chardonnay
86
What is the soil type of Jumilla DO? Why is famous for?
Sandy soil
| Keep away the phylloxera from the area until 1980 (100 years after other region of Spain)
87
Where is Vera de Estenas DO located?
| When does it been upgraded to Vino de Pago?
Utiel-Requena DO - Valencia
2014
Bobal grapes
88
Where is Ucles DO located?
| When does the DO been established?
Northern Castilla la Mancha (East of Madrid)
| 2005
89
A wine made of 100% dried Pansa is called what and is from where? Also, what is the color and style of the wine?
xaREL-LO
Vimblanc
15-18% ABV
white vi di licor
Monstant DO
90
What are the 3 DO of Murcia Autonomia?
- Jumilla DO
- Yecla DO
- Bullas DO
91
What variety can be use only for rose wines in Cava DO?
Trépat
92
What are the authorised white GV of Priorat DOCa?
Garnaxta Bianca, %acabeu, PX, Chenin Chenin Blanc, Moscatell d'Alexandria, Moscatell de Gran petit, Xarel-lo, Pacapoll, Viognier
93
What are the recommended red GV of Priorat?
Garnatxa, Samso (Carignan)
| + autorised: Garnatxa Peluda, CS, CF, Ull del Llebre, Syrah, Merlot, PN, Picapoll Negre
94
What is the particularity of Cava DO when compared with other DO of Spain?
Only DO in Spain use for a type of wine rather than a region / delimitation
95
Organize these DO's by the most to least amount of monastrall that must be present in red wines.
Alicante / bullas / Jumilla
Jumilla / Alicante / Bullas
96
What is the primary grape for Yecla Espumoso rose and red?
Monastrall 85%
97
Where are grapes sourced for high quality Cava?
```
in high Penedes
= Higher altitude
= lower temperature
= Limestone / Slates soil
= More acidity / Less sugar in grapes
= more elegant, less full wine
```
98
Name 5 important and / or iconic Cava producers
- Freixenet (biggest)
- Cordoniu: 2nd biggest
- Recaredo: smaller scale, high qlt
- Gramona
- Juve Camp
- Llopart
- Pere Ventura
99
name the recommended red grapes for Costers del Segre?
CS, Samsó, Garnatxa Negre, Merlot, Monastrell, Syrah, Ull del Llebre, Trepat, PN
100
Give the synonym of the Pansa Blanca GV?
Xarel-lo
101
Where is Jumillia DO located?
Murcia / Castilla la Mancha Autonomias
| Spain
102
When does Penedes been awarded as DO?
1960
103
How was the vine controlled in Catalunya in middle Ages?
The Monastery of Scala Dei, directed by Carthusian Monks, was over control of vineyard (especially around Priorat area)
104
What is the biggest production for Trepat grape grow for Cava ?
Conca de Barbera DO: Warmer region
105
Where is Malvar a local variety?
In Madrid Region
| White grape produce medium bodied wine and retain a great level of acidity
106
In what DO is Pallars Jussà sub zone located?
Costers del Segre
in Cataluña - Spain
Other subregions:
- Garrigues
- Urgell
- Raimat
- Artesa del Segre
- Segria
- Vall del Riucorb
107
What is the minimum RS for Vino Naturalmente Dulce in La Mancha DO?
45 g/L
| produce from dried grapes with min must weight of 300 g/L
108
What are the ageing regulations of Priorat DOCa?
Follow the Spanish national requirements
| Vi de Guarda: 12 mth in oak min (tinto only)
109
In what DO is Val del Riucorb sub zone located?
Costers del Segre
in Cataluña - Spain
Other subregions:
- Garrigues
- Pallars Jussà
- Raimat
- Artesa del Segre
- Segria
- Urgell
110
What are the 3 main varieties of Cava DO? What are the authorised?
- Recomanded: Parellada, Macabeu, Xarel-lo
- Authorised wh: Chardonnay, Malvasia
- Authorised red: PN, Monastrell, Garnatxa Negre, All del Llebre, Trepat (only for rose)
111
What is the min ageing for Costers del Segre DO Vino Espumoso ? Vino Espumoso "Reserva Superior"?
Espumoso: 9 mth OTL
| Reserva Superior: 24 mth OTL
112
What is the synonym of Tempranillo in Catalunya?
Carignan?
Grenache noir?
- Ull del Llebre
- Samso
- Lledoner Negre
113
What are the ABV requirement in Cava DO? Still wine and finish wine?
```
Base wine (still): 9.5 - 11,5% ABV
Cava finish (after 2nd fermentation): 10,8 - 12,8% ABV
```
114
Where is Yecla DO located?
Murcia
| South east Spain
115
What is "Vino de Pueblo" wine? Where can you fin it? When does it been introduced?
In Priorat DOCa.
New village category created in 2009.
= Estate grown wines from 12 villages
116
What are the authorised GV of Penedes Tinto?
Ull de Llebre, Garnatxa Negre, Samso, Monastrell, CS, CF, PN, Syrah, Merlot
117
What is the primary grape variety of Utiel Requena DO?
| What traditional red wine technique are they known for?
Bobal: local red full body grape
| Doble Pasta = Wines macerated and fermented in twice the normal amount of grape skin and pulp
118
What GV are grow in Vino de Madrid DO?
branco: Malvar, Albillo, Airen, Viura, Torrontes, Parellada, Moscatel de Grano Menudo
Tinto: Tinto Fino, Garnacha Tinta, Merlot, CS, Syrah
119
How did Champagne take influence from Cava?
- Usage of the Giropalette, and mechanisation of bottling and disgorgement lines
- Champagne region adjust their sweetness levels to those in place in Cava
120
Explain Roble and Tonel in a Tarragona DO label?
This designation doesn't have any requirement.
| However, length of oak ageing (no bigger than 330L) must be precise on the label
121
What is the purpose of the the Doble Pasta? Name 2 places and 2 grapes where is it a local speciality ?
In Utiel-Requena DO/Alicante/Yecla/Jumilla
Bobal/Monastrall
Produce from the Bobal grape often.
Used to concentrate weak blend, and ebbing away the rising production of grape concentrate in this region.
122
What is the GV of Vimblanc in Montsant?
| Explain it
100% Pansa Blanca (Xarel-lo)
must be produce from dried grape
- Fortified wine (vi de Licor)
123
How long must a Tinto Roble of Almansa DO be aged?
3 months min in oak in a 500 liters capacity max
124
What are the Varieties of Mondéjar DO?
- Blanco: Malvar, Makaber, Torrontes, SB, Moscatel, Verdejo
| - Tinto: Cencibel, CS, Merlot, Syrah
125
Can wine be produced and labelled as varietal in Penedes DO?
Yes, if the stated GV present a min of 85% of the total blend
126
What is the local name of Xarel-lo grape variety in Alella DO?
Pansa Blanca
127
What does mean "Cava" in Spanish / Catalan language?
= Cellar
| As the wine spent a long time into cellar to be age, winemaker choose this work as "Brand name recognition"
128
How long have Priorat "clos" wines been produced cooperatively?
from 1989 to 1991.
then separated as different producers.
2 are still monopoles
129
When does Manchuela DO been established?
| Where is it located?
2000
| Castilla la Mancha
130
How do you call the long skin maceration wines of Vino de Madrid?
Sobremadre: traditional process, use for white and red wines up to 180 days
131
What is the northern most appellation of Spain?
Bizkaiko Txakolina 43 degrees N
Emporda DO 42 degrees N
Across the border: Banyuls in France
132
What is Sobremadre wines? Where is it a speciality?
Vino de Madrid DO
Traditional vinification
Long skin maceration of 180 days
(Tinto / Blanco)
133
Where is Mondéjar DO located?
```
Castilla la Mancha
DO established in 1997
Blanco (dry to sweet)
Blanco "fermentado en Barrica)
Rosato
Tinto
```
134
What are the requirement for Vino Noble in Alicante? Vino Añejo?
Noble: 18 mth in wood
Añejo: 24 mth in wood
- Must be produce from Garnacha Tinta and/or Tempranillo
- 14% ABV
- May be non fortified
135
What is the main GV of Jumilla? Why?
| Name some other varieties allow here too
Monastrell
= Dry and hot climate aver a sandy soil
Garnacha, Cencibel, CS, PV, Syrah, Merlot,
Airen Macabeo, Malvasia, PX, Chardonnay, SB, Moscatel de grano Menudo
136
When does Priorat been award DOCa?
DOCa: 2009
| 2000 as DOQ by Catalan authorities
137
What is the winemaker begin the DOCa of Priorat?
René Barbier 's project
138
What are the recommended varieties by regions of Vino de Madrid DO?
- Arganda:
- Navalcarnero:
- San Martin de Valdeiglesias:
- Arganda: Malvar / Tinto Fino
- Navalcarnero: Malvar / Garnacha Tinta
- San Martin de Valdeiglesias: Albillo / Garnacha Tinto
139
What are the GV of Valdepeñas DO? Where is it located?
South of "La Mancha DO", in Castilla la Mancha autonomía
- Airen, Macabeo, SB, Moscatel de Grano Menudo, Verdejo
- Cencibel, CS, Garnacha, Merlot, PV, Syrah
140
What style of wine is produced in Manchuela DO?
Blanco / Blanco Barrica: Anillo, Chardonnay, Macabeo, Verdejo, Pardilllo, Viognier, Muscat PG
Tinto / Tinto Barrica: Bobal, Cencibel + CS, Syrah, Merlot, Moravia Dulce, Garnacha...
Rosato
Sparkling wine
141
Where is sat La Mancha DO?
Meseta plateau
| vast, dry, arid plateau cover the central spain
142
How long time must a Gran Reserva Cava DO spent on the lees?
30 mouth min
143
What are the regulation for Utiel Requena DO "Superior wines"? Min vine age for “Alta Expresión?”
Superior (blanco/rosado/tinto): at least 85% preferred varieties
Blanco/Rosado Superior: 11%
Tinto Superior: 11.5%
35 years old
144
How long time must a wine of Valdepeñas labeled Roble spend in Barrel (min)?
Roble: Wines must be aged for a min. 45 days (Blanco) or 90 days (Tinto) in Bordeaux barrels
145
What are the min ageing for Vin Rancio in Tarragona? Garnatxa de Tarragona
Vin Rancio:
- Min 1 year in oak
- Crianza: min 4 years incl. 3 in oak
Garnatxa de Tarragona:
- 2 years min
Crianza: 3 years incl. 1 in oak
146
What are the ageing requirement for Utiel Requena DO in Reserva? Gran Reserva? Madurado?
Reserva:
Tintos: min. 36 months with 12 months in oak (max. 330 liter capacity)
Blancos/Rosados: min. 24 months with 6 months in oak (max. 330 liter capacity)
Gran Reserva:
Tintos: min. 60 months with 18 months in oak (max. 330 liter capacity)
Blancos/Rosados: min. 48 months with 6 months in oak (max. 330 liter capacity)
Madurado (blancos/tinto): max. 6 months in oak (max. 600 liter capacity)
147
Name some importante Cava de Paraje? With their producers
Can Sala
148
In what DO is Garrigues sub zone located?
Costers del Segre
in Cataluña - Spain
Other subregions:
- Urgell
- Pallars Jussà
- Raimat
- Artesa del Segre
- Segria
- Vall del Riucorb
149
What are the DO Pagos of Castilla La Mancha?
- Dominio de Valdepusa: 2003
- Finca Elez: 2003
- Guijoso: 2005
- Dehesa del Carrizal: 2006
- Campo de la Guardia: 2009
- Florentino: 2009
- Casa del Blanco: 2010
- Calzadilla: 2011
150
What is the main variety grow in Yecla?
Monastrell
| + Macabeu, Airen, Merseguera, Charlo, SB
151
Where is Priorat DOCa situated?
In Cataluña, within the Montsant DO area
152
What are red recommended varieties of Valencia DO?
Garnacha, Tempranillo, Monastrell, Tintorera, CS, Merlot
153
What DO change its name in 2002 from "Falset"?
| What umbrella was it previously?
Montsant DO
was a sub-zone of Tarragona prior 2002
154
What type of wine can be produced under Montsant DO?
```
Blanco
Rosato
Tinto
Vino Rancio
Mistela
Garnaxta di Montsant (fortified)
- Vino dulce natural (fortified, with hight sweetness)
- Vimblanc: Vi de Licor - 100% Pansa from dried grapes
```
155
Where is Alella DO located?
Northern Catalunya
156
Where can Cava can it be produce?
- Catalunya (85% of the all production)
- Aragon
- La Rioja
- Navarra
- Valencia
- Somontano
- Basque County
- Extramadura (only 1 winery)
157
What are the white grapes of Binissalem DO? Blending requirement?
Min 50% Moll or Moscatel either
| + Parellada, Chardonnay, Macabeo
158
What are the authorised white varieties of Utiel Requena?
Planta Nova (Tartan), Macabéo, Merseguera, Chardonnay, Sauv Bl
159
What are the 2 DO within the borders of Tarragona?
- Montsant DO
| - Priorat DOCa
160
When is the first "Clos" vineyard been produced? How does it been produced?
1989: first commercial vintage
| Been produced cooperatively as first effort between few winemakers
161
Under what appellation was the "clos project" in Priorat released under?
Vino de la Mesa
162
Explain Alella DO?
Northern Catalunya - Spain
- Blanco: Pansa Blanca, Garnatxa
- Tinto / Rosado
- Vino Rancio: Garnatxa
- Mistela (blanco only)
- Vino Aguja
- Vino espumoso (traditional method)
- Vino de Licor
163
What is the newest adding in Cava DO?
| Explain it?
Cava de Paraje
| top end quality cava, age for a min of 36 mth OTL. Often a lot more.
164
What is the historical region of Cava DO?
Penedes DO in Catalunya
| Especially San Saturnin d'Anoia
165
What are the sub zones of Alicante DO?
- l'Alacanti
- L'Alcoià
- Alto Vinalopó
- Medio Vinalopó
- Bajo Vinalopó
- La Marina Alta
- La Marina Baja
- El Comtat
166
Where is Conca de Barbera located?
Spain - Catlunya
| High land of Penedes DO
167
How long time must a Cava Reserva DO spent on the lees?
15 mouth min pre 2021 / 18mo post 2021
168
What are the red grapes varieties of Emporda DO?
Garnatxa Negre, Samsó (Carignan) + CS, CF, Merlot, Monastrell, Ull del Llebre (Temp), Syrah, Garnatxa Peluda
169
What are the ageing requirement for Cava DO?
Cava: min 9 mth OTL
Reserva: 15 mth OTL 18 mth post 2021
Gran Reserva: 30 mth OTL
- Cava de Paraje: 36 mth OTL
170
What is the min ABV req for Priorat DOCa?
- Blanc / Rosat: 13% ABV
- Negre: 13,5% ABV
- Vi Ranci / Mistella / Vi Dolç Natural: 15% ABV
171
What s the min must weight for Moscatell de l'Emporda?
270 g/L
172
What style of wine can be produce in Bullas DO?
- Bianco: Macabéo base
- Rosada / Tinto: 60% Monastrell min
- Vino de Licor: 100% Monastrell
- Vino Espumoso: Trad method / 9 mth OTL / 65% Monastrell
173
Can white white use the "classic ageing rules" in Valdepeñas?
No, does not allow to use terms Crianza, Reserva, Gran Reserva
174
Where is Coster del Segre DO located?
Spain - Catalunya
| North of Montsant, West of Conca di Barbera
175
How long time must a Cava DO spent on the lees?
9 mth minimum
176
What wine is Valencia Focus?
Neutral dry white wine produce from the Merseguera grape
177
What are the DO of Valencia autonomia?
- Valencia DO
- Utiel-Requena DO
- Alicante
178
What are the white grapes of Alella DO?
- Pansa Blanca (Xarel-lo), Garnatxa blanca
| + Chardonnay, Chenin, Macabey, Moscatell, Malvasia, Parellada, Picapoll Blanc, SB
179
How long time must a Paraje Cava DO spent on the lees?
36 mouth min
180
What does Miguel Torres introduce to Spain in 1960's?
The stainless steel fermentation
First in Catalunya in Priorat with Rene Barbier.
Then involve the all technologic way in all Spain.
181
In what DO is Artesa del Segre sub zone located?
Costers del Segre
in Cataluña - Spain
Other subregions:
- Garrigues
- Pallars Jussà
- Raimat
- Urgell
- Segria
- Vall del Riucorb
182
What are the first registration about Cava? Who the first one to produce it?
1872: Joseph Raventos: worker in Cordoniu family introduced traditional method spk wine
1880: Phylloxera crisis: switch vineyard plantation from Monastrell to white grapes (Parellada / Xarel-lo)
1959: First apparition of the term Cava on Spanish sparkling wine
183
What are the 4 bodegas of Cava in Extremadura?
- Bodega Via de la Plata
- Bodegas Romale (Cava Viña Romale
- Bodegas Lopes Morenas
- Bodegas Marcelino Diaz (Cava Puerte Palma)
184
What type of wine can be produce in Ribera del Júcar DO?
Blanco (Seco to Dulce) / Blanco "Fermentado en Barrica"
Rosado: Seco to Dulce
Tinto: Dry only
185
What are the ageing for Vino Rancio in Alicante?
2 years min in wood or glass containers.
| Must be stored in the sun
186
What is the sweetness range of Almansa DO?
- Secco: 4 g/L max
- Semisecco: 4-12 g/L
- Semidulce: 12-45 g/L
- Dulce: min 45 g/L
Production of still white / red / Rose wines
187
Where is Binissalem Mallorca DO located
Balearic islands.
- Tinto Negre: 50% min Manto Negre
- Banco: 50% Moll or Moscatel either
- Vino espumoso: 50% Moll for white // Rose: from any grapes
188
What is the min ageing for Fondillón wine? Where is it a speciality?
Alicante: oxidised sweet wine from overripe monastrell grapes
Un-fortifed wine
Must be age for a min of 10 years
189
What are the red varieties use in Cava DO?
PN, Monastrell, Garnatxa Negre, Trepat
190
What are the GV of Ribera del Júcar DO?
White: Moscatel de Grano Menudo / SB
Red: Cencibel, Bobal, CS, CF, Merlot, Syrah, PV
191
What are the vino di Pago of Valencia Region? Where are they located?
El Terrerazo: 2010 -
-- Utiel Requena DO
(Bobal, Merseguera)
Los Balagueses: 2011
-- Utiel Requena DO
(Syrah, Grenache)
Vera de Estenas: 2013
-- Utiel-Requena DO
Chozas Carrascal
192
When has Emporda DO been established?
1975
193
What style of wine can be produced in Conca de Barbera DO?
```
Blanco
Tinto
Rosado
Vino de Licor (fortified)
Vino Rancio
Vino Dulce Natural (Fortified)
Mistela
Vino De Aguja (semi sparkling)
Vino Espumoso: Traditional method
```
194
What are the recommended white grapes of Alicante DO?
Merseguera, Airen, Macabeo, Moscatel de Alejandria
195
What are varieties of Ucles DO?
blanco: Verdejo, Chardonnay, Moscatel de Grano Menudo, SB, Macabeo
- Tinto: Cencibel, CS, Merlot, CS, Syrah
196
Why is Alicante DO know for?
Fondillon = Solera style, oxidative no-fortified dessert wine produce from overripe Monastrell grapes
197
When does Montsant DO been awarded as it own appellation?
| What name was it before?
2002
| - Was previously a subregion of Tarragona; called "Falset"
198
What 2 producers saved and perpetuating the production of Malvasia de Sitges?
Vega de Ribes
| Charity Hospital de Sant Joan Baptista
199
What is the min ageing for vino Rancio in Alella?
- 1 year min for a straight.
| - 3 years for a Crianza
200
Where is Pla i Llevant DO located?
| What style of wine?
Balearic island
Blanco / Tinto / Rosato
Vin de Licor
Vino Aguja (semi sparkling)
Vino Espumoso
201
Dominico de Valdepusa? Where and What?
```
Vino de Pago DO
Castilla la Mancha - Spain
Since 2003
Cab Sauv base wines
Owned by Marques de Griñon (Rioja based winery)
```
202
Finca Elez? What and where?
```
Vino de Pago DO
Castilla la Mancha - Spain
Pago DO since 2003
Cab Sauv / Chardonnay base wines
owned by Manuel Manzaneque
```
203
What is the vino de Pago owned by Marques de Griñon?
Dominico de Valdepusa
Castilla la Mancha
2003
204
Pago Guijoso? What and Where?
Vino de Pago of Castilla la Mancha - Spain
Since 2005
CS / Chardonnay based wines
owned by Sancez Muliterno
205
Dehesa del Carrizal? What and where?
Vino de Pago DO of Castilla la Mancha
Since 2006
CS / Chardonnay base wines
206
Arinzano? What and where?
Vino de Pago of Navarra (Terra Estella) - Spain
| Since 2007
207
Prado de Irache? What and where?
Vino de Pago of Navarra DO: Valdizarbe
| 2008
208
Otazu? What and where?
Vino de Pago of Navarra: Valdizarbe
| 2009
209
Campo de la Guardia? What and where?
Vino de Pago of Castilla la Mancha
Since 2009
Syrah / CS / Merlot / PV blend
Owned by Fausto Gonzàles (Martúe winery)
210
Pago Florentino? What and Where?
Vino de Pago of Castilla la Mancha DO
Since 2009
Cencibel base wines
211
Casa del Blanco? What and where?
```
Vino de Pago of Castilla la Mancha DO
Since 2010
CS, Syrah, Temp blend
Chardo / Muscat / Grenache bl
owned by Bas Garcia Family
```
212
Pago Calzadilla? What and where?
Vino de Pago of Castilla la Mancha DO
2011
Temp, Garnacha, CS, Syrah blend
213
Pago Aylés? What and where?
Vino de Pago of Aragón (Cariñena DO)
| 2011
214
What are the DO of Andalousia?
```
Candado do Huelva DO
Jerez-Xerez-Sherry DO
Granada DO
Manzanilla Sanlúcar de Barrameda
- Malága
- Sierras de Málaga
- Montilla Morilles
```
215
Who's adorn the logo of La Mancha DO Consejo Regulador?
Don Quixote: Erran knight who discover the region of La Mancha
216
What producer of Méntrida DO adopted some illegal practices of drip irrigation?
Marques de Griñon - owner of the Pago Dominio de Valdepusa
217
When did Valdepeñas receive its owned DO?
1932: over than 40 years prior its big neighbour La Mancha
know as "Valley of Rocks"
Cencibel and Airen are the main GV
218
What is the particularity of the soil in Valdepeñas?
higher concentration of chalk bedrock: allow more water retention in this arid climate
219
Who's the leading winemaker of Extremadura? Specialised in Cava production?
Bodega Inviosa
220
What is most wine used for in extremeadura?
Distilled for production of the Aguardente for the Sherry wines.
221
Why is Andalousia having a strong culture of fortified wines?
In the end of XVth century: under the power of colonial era: America
= need wines able to travel across the globe
= adding alcohol to save the wine
1519: Ferdinand Magellan spent more money in sherry than weapons
222
What was the nickname of Sherry in British marques during the XVI th century?
"Sack"
223
What are the 3 town of Sherry? How is it call?
| What is particular for those 3 cities?
- Sanlucar de Barrameda
- Jerez de la Frontera
- El Puerto de Santa Maria
-- "Golden Triangle"
= all wines must be shipped from on of this 3 cities
224
Name the all communes of production of Sherry wines?
- Jerez de la Frontera
- Sanlucar de Barrameda
- El Puerto de Santa Maria
- Chipiona
- Rota
- Trebujena
- Puerto Real
- Chiclana de la Frontera
- Lebrija
225
What is the town of sherry production located in Seville province?
Lebrija
226
What are GV of Sherry wines? Name them by order of importance?
Palomino (= Listán)
Pedro-Ximénez
Moscatel
227
What is the other name of the Palomino?
Listán
228
What is Listán?
Palomino synonym
229
What are the 3 soils type of Sherry DO? What grapes are most suitable to each?
- Albariza: white chalky soil= Palomino
- Barros: clay soil: lower-lying vineyards
- Arenas: sandy soil / Coastal vineyards: Moscatel grapes
230
What is the specificities of the "Albariza" soil? Why is it so important in that particular region?
Sherry DO - Andalousia
White chalky soil
- respond like a water sponge: high water retention, very friable,
231
What are the 2 mains rivers of Sherry DO area?
- Guadalquivir river
| - Guadalete river (smaller one, south of Jereez de la Frontera)
232
Name 3 of the most important Pago vineyards of Jerez de la Frontera?
- Macharnudo (largest pago in Jerez)
- Añina
- Carrascal
233
What clone of Muscat is Moscatel from sherry region?
Muscat of Alexandria
234
Where is most of the Moscatel wines come from in Sherry?
From the coastal vineyard sit on Arena soil: Near Chipiona
235
What is "Soleo"?
drying process use in Sherry area for sweet version:
| Grapes are left to dry out in sun over a esparto grass mats prior pressing. Occurs between 1 to 3 weeks
236
What is the largest Pago vineyard of Sherry?
Macharnudo
237
How is call the drying process in Sherry for PX and Moscatel grapes? How long time does it take place for?
"Soleo": grapes are left over esparto grass mats in the sun for 1 to 3 weeks time
238
What is the first utility of the Moscatel and PX grapes in Sherry production?
uses as sweetener into a dry version.
| Pale cream, Medium and cream sherry like
239
What is the trellising system of sherry called?
Vara y Pulgar (Stick and Thumb)
| every years one stick is in production and on other in rest)
240
What are the max yield requirement in Jerez?
Jerez Superior: 80 Hl/Ha
| anywhere else in the region: 100 Hl/Ha
241
How was the traditional method of crushing/pressing in Sherry wines?
The "Pisadores" (laborers) were wearing a "zapatos de Pisar" (Cowhide boots with angled nails on the sole)
They were walking on the grape to extract the juice.
242
What is Pisadores?
Laborers call in Sherry production
243
Explain what is "Zapatos de Pisar?
classical boots wear by Pisadores in Andalusia for crossing grapes for the sherry production. Pisadores was historical
244
what are the pressing yield for a Sherry / Palomino grape?
| What is the main issue of the Palomino grape prior pressing?
72,5 Liter of must for 100 Kg of grapes
Sensible to oxidation, must be pressed quickly
245
What is "Most de Yema"?
Name of the must (pressing juice) in Sherry wine production
246
What are the 3 level of press cuts for must in Sherry wine production?
Must = Mosto de yema
- Primera yema= free run juice (60/70%) higher quality juices
- Segunda yema: Press wine
- Mosto Prensa (poorest quality press wine: use for distillate
247
Is it often in Sherry wine acidified? What is desfangado?
Yes, palomino is a low acidic grape
In older times, producers adhered "yeso" (plastic) and combined with cream of Tartar: produced tantric acid
more recently, add directly tantric acid into the must prior fermentation
decanting off the tartaric solids prior to fermentation
248
Explain the traditional method of acidification in Sherry wine production?
In older times, producers adhered "yeso" (plastic) and combined with cream of Tartar: produced tantric acid
249
Term for must clarification in sherry wines?
Desfangato: racking system
250
What 2 particular stages of fermentation in Sherry?
- Tumutuous fermentation: hot and vigorous initial phase: up to 1 week
- Lenta: or slow fermentation: last remaining sugar are fermented over weeks in high t°
251
What are 2 classifications in Sherry after fermentation? Explain them?
Palo: marked by a /
-- more refines must, will be fermented up to 15-15,5% ABV for fino and manzanilla wines
Godura: marked by a circle
-- heavier wine style,, then fortified up to 17-18% and for
Oloroso
252
What is "Mitad y Mitad?"
mixture of grape spirit and mature sherry used for the fortification of newly fermented wine.
Avoid shocking the young wine
253
What is the name of the mixture used in sherry for fortification of new wine?
Mitad and mitad
mixture of grape spirit and old sherry. softer fortification
254
Explain biological ageing in Sherry?
ageing use for Fino and Manzanilla
- wines are aged under a layer of yeast ("flor del vino")
- 2 years of ageing min
- the flor protect against oxydation
255
Name the particular wind occurring into the sherry wine production (especially for ageing)
Poniente: humid air, temperate climate helps yeast flor to be stronger and alive
256
What are pre-requis of a good development for the Fino sherry's flor?
- Wine must be dry
- particular ABV strength: 15-15,5%
- flor must be in contact with oxygen
257
When does the yeast layer of fino / Manzanilla is the stronger?
during spring and automn: thicker white color
| in winter and summer, can grow in grey color, and finer
258
Explain Sobretablas?
Intermediate stage of Fino / Manzanilla sherry
- resting time after fortification. Wine stay in 600L american butts here for 6 mth to 1 year.
- Then reclassified
259
How is name the resting time happens for fino / Manzanilla prior the biological ageing?
```
Sabretablas: 6 mth to 1 year of ageing:
End of this period, wine will be monitored in 5 difference style:
- Palma: finest wines
- Palma Cortado
- Palo Cortado
- Rayas
- Dos Rayas: vinegar
```
260
Explain classification "Palma" in Sherry?
| Name other levels of classification?
fine and delicate sherry happens after the sobretablas. Will follow its biological ageing to become Fino or Manzanilla
- Palma Cortada
- Palo Cortado
- Raya
- Dos Rayas
261
Explain classification "Palma Cortada" in Sherry?
| Name other levels of classification?
slightly more robust than a fino sherry. Will forward its ageing as oxidative to become Amontillado sherry
- Fino
- Palma Cortada
- Palo Cortado
- Raya
- Dos Rayas
262
Explain classification "Palo Cortado" in Sherry?
| Name other levels of classification?
A rare style of wine. Show exceptionally good, great character, and fuller bodied fino. To stop the flor, wine will be aged at up to 17/18% to start an oxidative ageing
- Fino
- Palma Cortada
- Palo Cortado
- Raya
- Dos Rayas
263
Explain classification "Raya" in Sherry?
| Name other levels of classification?
Sherry with a lesser quality flor at the end of the Sobretablas. Will be discarded into Oloroso Solera.
- Fino
- Palma Cortada
- Palo Cortado
- Raya
- Dos Rayas
264
Explain classification "Dos Rayas" in Sherry?
| Name other levels of classification?
Lowest quality sherry. Does not reach the level to forward as dry sherry, will be sweeter to hide its flavours, or either as vinegar.
- Fino
- Palma Cortada
- Palo Cortado
- Raya
- Dos Rayas
265
What are the min alcohol levels for a sherry?
Fino / Manzanilla: 15 - 15,5% ABV
| Amontillado / Palo Cortado / Oloroso: 17-18% ABV
266
What is the ageing for a sherry? When does it change? What was it before that?
Prior 2010: 3 years of ageing min before bottling
After 2010: 2 years min before bottling
267
Explain the Solera System? Where is it largely used?
Sherry wines
- The New wines (new Añada) enter by the top level (1st Criadera)
- Every years some wine (1/3) is draw off the last level for bottling. (= solera)
- This level is finally refilled with some wine from the level up. and so forth (Criadera)
268
How is call the action of moving wine from one criadera to the criadera down?
Trasiegos
269
What is "Trasiegos"?
Is the action of moving sherry from one level (criadera) to an other one down.
270
How much new sherry wine is needed for every litres of final sherry draw off the Solera?
1L of final sherry = 3 liters of new sherry to top up on the first level.
271
How long time is wine kept in a solerat?
A minimum of 2 years,
The average is more around 3/4 years. Then, some wineries keep then for more than 14 years or either longer: Gonzales's Byass as one from 1847.
272
What is the particular molecule present is Fino sherry than give this salty tang?
Acetaldehydes
273
What are the differences between a Fino and a Manzanilla sherry?
Manzanilla:
- Can be only produce in the town of Sanlucar de Barrameda.
- Vineyards and cellars are located closer to the sea (= windier and more salty notes)
- Harvest occurs almost a week earlier
- wines are lighter, and lower fortified.
- Solera process going faster
274
What is the Manzanilla Pasada?
A Fino-Amontillado like style from the region of Sanlucar de Barrameda.
275
What are the residual sugar for vino Generoso de Licor in Sherry? How are they sweetened?
Dry: 5-45 g/l residual sugar
Medium: "Dry" 5-45 g/l, "Sweet" 45-115 g/l residual sugar. Usually produced from Amontillado
Pale Cream: 45-115 g/l residual sugar, usually produced from Fino
Cream: 115-140 g/l residual sugar, usually produced from Oloroso
Blended with vino Dulce Natural or Concentrated must
276
What is the RS regulations content for Dry Sherry?
5-45 g/L RS
Sweetened by blending vino Dulce Natural or Concentrated must
277
What is the RS regulations content for Pale Cream Sherry?
45-115 g/L
Made from a Fino sherry
Sweetened by blending vino Dulce Natural or Concentrated must
278
What is the RS regulations content for Medium Sherry?
Medium: "Dry" 5-45 g/l, "Sweet" 45-115 g/l residual sugar. Usually produced from Amontillado
279
What is the RS regulations content for Cream Sherry?
115 - 140 g/L
Made from a Oloroso sherry
Sweetened by blending vino Dulce Natural or Concentrated must
280
What parallel are the canary islands on?
28th
281
Name three clones of Malvasia? What one is the most planted across the Canary Islands? What one is native to the Lanzarote?
Malvasia de sitges
Malvasia Candia
Malvasia di Lipari (most across the Canary Islands)
Malvasia Branca de São Jorge
Malvasía Volcánica (Lanzarote)
282
Name three red grapes authorized/recommended for use in on gran Canaria/white?
Listan Negro, Negramoll, Listan Prieto, Bastardo, Sumoll
Listan Blanco, PX, Torrontes, Malvasia, Moscatel
283
Vino Dulce Clásico of Lanzarote is made of ?
Sunned Moscatel or malvasia
284
Three trellising systems employed on the Canary Islands
en vasso / parral / cordon trenzado / Guyot
285
What are suertes?
Small plots owned by farmers on tenerife producer often source from.
286
Valle de la Orotava, and Ycoden-Daute-Isora in the north, and Abona and Valle de Güímar in the south are DO's where?
Tenerife - Canary Islands
287
Where are europe's highest vineyards?
Abona DO - Tenerife - Canary Islands
288
What is a Hoyo? Where is it used?
pits dug deep enough to penetrate a layer of subsoil that can carry sufficient moisture for the plants. The hoyos are quite wide, measuring as large as 10 meters in diameter to 5 meters in depth, and each hoyo houses just one or two vines.
Lanzarote
289
What is a Zanjas? Where is it used? What is a Zocos?
Younger vineyards on Lanzarote might opt instead for the linear zanjas, a series of trenches similarly protected by rows of stone mounds.
The stone walls that line a hoyo or zanjas to further protect from wind.
290
What is vino de tea? Where is it made?
a rancio style in any hue aged in 500-liter pine casks. Wines come from the northern sub zone (Norte de la Palma) of the island. Must spend a minimum 6 months in Canary Pine (Pinus Canariensis) vessels.
291
Name two Balearic Islands? Where is DO production exclusively?
Mallorca / Ibiza / Formentera / Menorca
Mallorca (Mediterranean climate)
292
The ___________________ range shields Binissalem’s vines from cold northerly winds.
The Serra de Tramuntana range shields Binissalem’s vines from cold northerly winds.
293
name two red and white grapes produced on Mallorca.
Manto negro / Callet
Moll (Prensal Blanc) / Muscat of Alex
294
Contraviesa-Alpujarra is a subregion where? Main grape?
Granada DO 2021
Vijiriego
295
where did phyloxera enter spain?
296
What is Els noms de la terra?
priorat doq classification
297
Make three producers of the barrio de la estación
Muga / La Rioja alta / Lopez / CUNE
298
Name three grapes from the costa del sol
Palomino / Muscat of Alex / Pedro x
