Space technology Flashcards
the duration of a lunar day is ______ Earth days, the alternating cycles of daylight and lunar night occur over a period of approximately ____ weeks each.
29.5
two
Aditya – L1
* Launch vehicle: ______
o Study of Solar upper atmospheric ________ and _________-
PSLV C57
(chromosphere and corona, Solar flares and solar winds
The temperature in the corona is _____ K
or more, up to a _______ K.
* The corona cannot be seen with the naked
eye except during _____________
* The corona does not have an upper limit.
500,000
few million
a total solar eclipse, or
with the use of a coronagraph.
Unlike coronal holes, sunspots are areas where the
sun’s magnetic field is _______ (strong/weak) and the
magnetic lines twisted
extremely strong
Albert Einstein predicted the existence of gravitational waves in 1916 in his ______ Theory of Relativity.
General
___________-frequency gravitational waves come
from smaller pairs of black holes.
* While the _______-frequency waves are
thought to be generated by huge black holes
A. Higher
B. Lower
Higher
lower
What advantage does NavIC offer over GPS in terms of positioning accuracy?
A. 20 meters accuracy compared to GPS’s 10 meters accuracy
B. 10 meters accuracy compared to GPS’s 20 meters accuracy
C. Both offer the same accuracy
D. NavIC is not as accurate as GPS
B
How many satellites make up the NavIC system?
A. 5
B. 6
C. 7
D. 8
Where have they placed it?
C
: 3 satellites are in geostationary orbit and 4 satellites placed in inclined geosynchronous
orbit.
What benefit does GAGAN provide to various sectors?
A. Improved internet connectivity
B. Enhanced security measures
C. Better navigation assistance for ships
D. Benefits to sectors like aviation, transportation, railways, surveying, maritime, highways, telecom industry, and security agencies
D
GAGAN is the first system in the world that would be certified to serve the equatorial anomaly region with its unique IONO algorithm
What is the purpose of a Differential Global Navigation Satellite System (DGNSS)?
A. To correct errors in satellite orbits
B. To assist in underwater navigation
C. To provide signals for space missions
D. To correct errors and inaccuracies in GNSS signals
D
Who collaborates to develop GPS Aided GEO Augmented Navigation (GAGAN)?
A. ISRO and Ministry of Defense
B. Airports Authority of India (AAI) and ISRO
C. Ministry of Science & Technology and Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology
D. Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) and NASA
B
______ are rapidly rotating neutron stars located at great distances from Earth. Scientists use them as “cosmic clocks” to study various aspects of the universe.
Pulsars
According to _________ theory, massive objects like planets and stars cause spacetime to curve around them, and this curvature influences the motion of other objects moving through that spacetime
General theory of relativity
Einstein Cross is a specific case of ___________
Gravitational Lensing
The chosen location for the LIGO-India observatory is in the ___________ of Maharashtra>
This observatory will be the third of its kind, joining the existing twin detectors located in___________ and Washington in the United States. there are plans for a fourth detector in ________, Japan, further expanding the international collaboration in gravitational-wave research.
Hingoli district
Louisiana
Kagra
What distinguishes the Einstein Telescope from existing gravitational-wave detectors like LIGO and Virgo?
A. It uses satellite-based interferometry
B. It employs underground interferometry technology
C. It relies on optical telescopes
D. It measures gravitational waves using radio waves
What is one of the key features of the Einstein Telescope mentioned in the passage?
A. It has a circular array of detectors
B. It detects gravitational waves using X-rays
C. It has significantly improved sensitivity compared to current detectors
D. It is operated solely by a single country
B
C
what is time dilation illustrates ?
Means time passes at different rates for different observers.
o It depends on their relative motion or positions in a gravitational field.
Relativistic jet is related to?
black hole
Basic Parts of Black Holes
* The Schwarzschild Radius: ????
* The Ergosphere:????
Proton ring ?
This is the event horizon’s radius at which the escape velocity is equal to the
speed of light.
If the black hole is rotating, then as it spins, its mass causes the space time around the
black hole to rotate as well
The ergosphere touches the event horizon at the poles and extends to a greater radius at the equator. Objects within the ergosphere cannot appear stationary with respect to an outside observer unless they move faster than light, which is impossible. The ergosphere surface, also known as the ergosurface, is the set of all points where an object would need to move at faster than light to appear stationary
hot plasma rotates around black hole
Neutrinos form where?
Are they part of atom?
How Neutrino detector work?
can they be broken down into
smaller parts?
* it has half spin or full spin?.
o Outnumber all the atoms in the universe.
o Only affected by gravity and the _____ force.
o 3 types – ????????
which type of neutrino sun emits ?
ü They can change from one type to
another as they travel. This process is
called ______________
Inside Sun during fusion
NO
they have something chlorine and when neutrinos react with chlorine it forms argon and scientist detect this argon.
no
half spin
weak
electron neutrino, tau neutrino and
muon neutrino.
electron neutrino
neutrino oscillation
Atmospheric neutrinos
* Produced around _____kms above Earth’s surface.
* They are produced from cosmic rays which
consist of protons and heavy nuclei.
* These collide with atmospheric molecules such
as Nitrogen to give off _______and ______ which
further decay to produce neutrinos.
15
pions and kaons
India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO)
It is jointly funded by Dept of____________ and the Dept. of
o_____________ detector will be used for studying neutrinos.
o It will be located in ____________
Dept. of Atomic Energy (DAE)
Science and Technology (DST).
Iron Calorimeter (ICAL)
Bodi West Hills (BWH) region in Theni district of Tamil Nadu
