Space Physics

Question 1

What are Planets, Dwarf Planet, Asteroids, and comets to ther sun

Answer 1

Natural satellites

Question 2

When was the sun formed and by what

Answer 2

From a nebula being pulled together 5 billion years ago

Question 3

Which elements are made in the core of stars

Answer 3

All elements up to iron

Question 4

How are elements made in the core of stars
And what does a bigger and hotter star mean

Answer 4

The fusion of smaller elements in the core of stars
the heavier the elements it fan fuse

Question 5

How are elements heavier than iron made

Answer 5

Fused during a supernova explosion, this also distributes them

Question 6

What is the speed, velocity and acceleration of something in orbit for a circular orbit

Answer 6

Their speed stays the same, however because velocity is speed in a GIVEN DIRECTION the velocity is always changing and therefore so is the acceleration

Question 7

If the speed of an object increases the radius of the orbit

Answer 7

Increases

Question 8

Why does the radius of the orbit of something gaining speed increase

Answer 8

To keep the orbit stable

Question 9

If the speed of something in orbit decreases the orbit radius

Answer 9

Decreases to keep the orbit stable

Question 10

What is a nebula

Answer 10

A cloud of gas and dust

Question 11

What is the life cycle of a star

Answer 11

1. Gravity pulls nebula together to form a proto-star
2. Temperature and pressure become high enough for fusion to happen and for it to become a main-sequence star
3. When the hydrogen in the star it can no longer do as much fusion. The forces of gravity are now greater than the outward force caused by fusion
4. The gravity pushing in causes greater pressure causing the star to fuse heavier elements and grow to become a red giant
5. When these heavier elements run out the star either becomes a white dwarf or dies in a supernova
6. White dwarf stars turn into black dwarfs
7. Supernovae can form a neutron star or black whole

Question 12

Flow diagram of a red giant

Answer 12

Nebula
l
Proto-Star
I
Main sequence star
l
Red Giant
l
White Dwarf
l
Black Dwarf

Question 13

Flow diagram of a red super giant

Answer 13

Nebula
I
Proto-star
l
Main sequence star
l
Red super giant
l
Supernova
l
Neutron Star (or Black whole if the star was big enough)

Question 14

What is the absorption spectrum of a star or galaxy

Answer 14

Absorption lines show which elements are present

Question 15

If a star or galaxy moves towards us it shows

Answer 15

Blue-shift, light from it appears more blue

Question 16

If a star or galaxy moves away from us it shows

Answer 16

Red-shift, light from it appears more red
ALL GALAXYS SHOW RED-SHIFT

Question 17

The more-red shifted a galaxy is

Answer 17

The faster it is moving away from us and the further it is away from us

Question 18

What is the Big Bang theory

Answer 18

The universe started by gas coming together condensing in a very small hot region and is always expanding

Question 19

3 pieces of evidence for Big Bang theory

Answer 19

The red-shift of stars
Observations of supernova
Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation left after the big bang

Question 20

How do you explain the measurements speeding up of the universes expansion

Answer 20

Dark matter and Dark energy